SEMINAR ON

E-PAPER
TECHNOLOGY
 Introduction
 What is E-paper ?
 Construction of E-paper
 Working
 Properties
 Comparision of E-paper & LCD
 Advantages
 Dis-advantages
 Apllication
 Future Scope
 Conclusion
 The first E-Paper is developed in 1974’s by
Nicholas K Sheridon at Xerox’s Palo Alto
Research Centre.
 E-Paper is also called Electronic Paper or
Electronic ink Display.
 It is a display unit.
 E-Paper is flexible.
 E-paper have a wide viewing angle.
 A digital pen is also used to create handwritten
document.
 E-Paper is an electronic ink display unit.
 It reflect light like ordinary paper.

 It is capable of holding text and images.

 It is flexible while using plastic materials and

electronics.
 It is more comfortable to read than conventional

display.
 A wider viewing angle.
 It can read directly from sunlight without fading

images.
 Lightweight and durable.
 Low power consumption.
 It has two different parts.
◦ Front plane.
◦ Back plane.
 The front plane consist of E-ink.
 The back plane consist of electronic circuits.

 To form an E-ink electronic display the ink is

printed onto a plastic film that is laminated to a

layer of circuitry.
GYRICON
 The first Gyricon E-ink developed in 1974s by “Nick

Sheridon” at Xerox.
 It based on a thin sheet of flexible plastic containing a

layer of tiny plastic beads each encapsulated in oil and

it rotate freely.
 Each hemisphere of a bead has different colour and

different electric charge.

 Electric field is applied the beads are rotate, creat two-

coloured pattern.
 This method have some limitations.
1. Low brightness and resolution.
2. Lack of color.
Other form of E-ink with improve propertys
compared to Gyricon is Electrophorestic.
Electrophorestic
 Electrophorestic frontplane consist of millions of
micro capsules.
 Each approximately 100 microns in dia.
 Each micro capsule is filled with a clear fluid
containing positivaly charged white particle and
black particle.
  How Electronic Ink Works:- Basically, this form of
e-paper is created by sandwiching millions of tiny
plastic wells between two sheets of flexible plastic.
 Each well contains both white and black particles,

suspended within a clear fluid.

 The key to this technology is that the white and

black particles have opposite charges, so when an

electric voltage is applied to individual wells --
through circuitry embedded underneath -- the
black and white particles can be separated to
opposite sides.
 In this way, the face-up side of each well can be
set to appear either as black or white as seen
through the top layer of clear plastic.
 Each well functions as a separate pixel on the E

ink display..
 The disadvantage of this technology is it take

time for the particle to move from one side to

another.
 Drawing a new text or image is too slow and creat
a flicker.
 Ultra-thin and flexible energy cell.
 Eliminates the cost of the battery,weight and

volume of the battery holder.

 Can be made into almost any shape.
 Can be integrated on almost any surface.
 Low cost and simple to produce, using printing
process.
 Environmentally friendly, non-caustic, no

possibility of explosion, burns, or overheating.

 Electronic ink Liquid Crystal
display Displays

Wide viewing angle Best image only

from one position
Black on paper Gray on gray
white
Readable in sunlight Can be difficult to
see
Holds image without Required power to
power drain hold images
Electronic ink display Liquid Crystal
Displays

Plastic or glass Glass only

Light Weight Power supply and
glass make LCDs
relatively heavy
Thin (~1 mm) Thick (~7 mm)
 Paper-like Readability.
 Ultra-Low Power Consumption.

 Clarity.

 Reduced Eyestrain.

 Mobile Display Solution.

 Hypertext.

 Multimedia Information.

 Include Graphics.

 Inexpensive.
 Very low switching speed
 Electrochemical complexity

 Slow response to change

 Too slow for video

 Problems in extremes temperatures,humidity

 Electronic Book.
 Electronic Newspaper.
 Mobile display.
 Computer monitor.
 The E-Paper is a Flexible display.
 It is easy to use.
 E-Paper can communicate Satellite or other
computers easily.

Detach Printer
Hand Wand
Researches found that in
just few years this technology
can replace paper in many situations, leading
us to think of a truly paperless world.