DEFERENCE OF BASIC CONCEPT AND TERMINOLOGIES

PREPARED BY: RAMCIS JASARENO

Language vs. Linguistics

( CONCEPT) Language - refers to a system of communication used by humans, typically consisting of
spoken and written words, along with rules for combining them. It is a means for people to express
thoughts, feelings, and ideas.

(TERMINOLOGIES) Linguistics - is the scientific study of language. It examines the structure, use, and
evolution of language. It is an academic field that analyzes various aspects of language.

Lexicon vs.Syntax
( CONCEPT) Lexicon - refers to the vocabulary of a language, including all the words and their
meanings. It is the mental dictionary that speakers use to understand and produce words.

(TERMINOLOGIES) Syntax - deals with the rules governing the structure of sentences and the order
in which words are arranged within them. It focuses on how words come together to form meaningful
sentences.

Phonetics vs. Phonology

( CONCEPT) Phonetics is the study of the physical properties of speech sounds, including their
articulation, acoustic properties, and transcription using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).

(TERMINOLOGIES) Phonology is concerned with the abstract mental representations of speech

sounds in a language. It focuses on how sounds function in a language, including their distinctive
features and phonological rules.

Morpheme vs. Morphology

(CONCEPT)A morpheme is the smallest unit of language that carries meaning. It can be a whole word
or a part of a word, like a prefix or a suffix.

(TERMINOLOGIES) Morphology is the study of the structure and formation of words. It examines
how morphemes are combined to create words and how words are analyzed in terms of their
meaningful parts.

Semantics vs. Pragmatics

 (CONCEPT)Semantics deals with the meaning of words, phrases, and sentences. It focuses on how
meaning is represented in language and how words combine to convey information and truth
conditions.

(TERMINOLOGIES) Pragmatics studies the use of language in context. It explores how context,
speaker intentions, and implied meanings influence communication. It deals with language in action.