First Quarterly Examination
FIRST SEMESTER MIDTERM EXAMINATIONS – CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION
I. INTRODUCTION TO CONTEMPORARY ARTS
- CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION
o Is all about arts produced by Filipino artists in the present
period.
o By knowing these, you will be enlightened about the
different cultures, and traditions throughout the country.
- WHAT IS ART?
o It is defined as the expression of creativity through various
techniques and media producing works to fulfill a variety of
purpose.
o ARTIST – Referring to a person who is creating an art (in any
form)
- CONTEMPORARY ARTS VS. MODERN ARTS
Fig. 1 – Contemporary Arts versus Modern Arts
- TO SUM IT ALL UP
o CONTEMPORARY means “of our time”
o It is an art made with non-traditional material It can be
use to all kinds of media and materials It does not have to
be shown in a gallery
o An art that intends to make you THINK
- REMEMBER THESE IDEAS!
o ART TODAY IS SO DIFFERENT FROM THE TRADITIONAL ART
where artists perfected their art by practicing ‘mimesis’ or
copying the model exactly at it is.
o The new style emerged after the WWII is called
contemporary arts.
o Contemporary artists did not oblige to apply perspectives,
combination and deliberately broke the rules of traditional
art.
- SEVEN CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS
o MUSIC - Art for that appeals to the sense of hearing,
composed by combining notes into harmony
o LITERATURE - Art form of language through combined use
of words, creating meaning and experience.
o THEATER - Art of performance. Dramatic texts is portrayed
on stage by actors and actresses with lights, props and
sounds. Form of art that uses their voice and bodies, often
in relation to other objects to convey artistic expression.
o FILM - A technological translation of theater, special effects
are utilized to enhance the story telling
o VISUAL ARTS - Artworks such as painting, photographs, or
sculpture that appeals primarily to the visual sense
o ARCHITECTURE - Structure that meant to be used as
shelter. Its art relies on the design and purpose of the
structure
o DANCE - Art of human form which uses the body, mobilized
and choreographed in a specific time, form and space
- CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTEMPORARY ART
o Contemporary Art is not confined in the museums only.
o Selling of the paintings are not in installations only but it can
be anywhere and at any mode.
First Quarterly Examination
FIRST SEMESTER MIDTERM EXAMINATIONS – CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION
o Most of the contemporary artists are self- taught and did not
have formal education.
o They are not bounded to follow the elements, shapes and
forms.
o Contemporary artists can use any materials.
o Originality is not an issue in contemporary art.
- ACCORDING TO…
o “There are two distinct languages. There is the verbal, which
separates people… And there is the visual that is
understood by everybody.” – Yaacov Agam
o “The purpose of arts education is not to produce more
artists, though that is a byproduct. The real purpose of arts
education is to create complete human beings capable of
leading successful and productive lives in a free society” –
Dana Gioia
II. SUBJECT MATTER AND STYLES OF
CONTEMPORARY ARTS
- ARTISTIC SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES
o With the broadening of the art world, many people are
getting confused about what qualifies as an artistic skill.
ARTISTIC SKILLS are abilities that are possessed by artists
who operate within a fine art capacity.
o Each artist uses different mediums to develop their artistic
skills.
▪ An example to this is a sculptor uses metal, wood,
stone and glass in sculpting. The same also applies to
an architect as they use wood, bamboo, bricks, stones,
etc. in architecture and many more
o Medium is defined as the material, or the substance out of
which a work is made.
- TECHNIQUE
o Is the way artist use and manipulate materials to achieve
the desired formal effect, and communicate the desired
concept, or meaning, according to his or her personal style
(Modern, Neoclassic, etc.). The distinctive character or
nature of the medium determines the technique.
o Technique involves tool and technology, ranging from the
most traditional (for example carving, silkscreen, analog
photography, and filmmaking) to the most contemporary
(digital photography, digital filmmaking, music production,
industrial design, and robotics.)
- KINETIC ARTS
o The word kinetic means relating to motion. Since the early
twentieth century artists have been incorporating
movement into art. This has been partly to explore the
possibilities of movement, partly to introduce the element
of time, partly to reflect the importance of the machine and
technology in the modern world and partly to explore the
nature of vision.
o The Movement has either been produced mechanically by
motors, as in kinetic art pioneer Naum Gabo’s Standing
Wabe of 1919 – 20; or by exploiting the natural movement of
air in a space – referred to as mobiles. Alexander Calder
began to create mobiles from around 1930.
o Kinetic art became a major phenomenon of the late 1950s
and the 1960s.
- OP ARTS
o Optical Art uses lines or images repeatedly to create an
optical illusion.
First Quarterly Examination
FIRST SEMESTER MIDTERM EXAMINATIONS – CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION
- PERFORMANCE ARTS
o Combines variety of media and the human body to
execute an artistic theatrical expression before a live
audience.
- ENVIRONMENT ART
o Involves artistic creation or manipulation of space such as
landscape or architectural design that may enclose
audience. Earthworks, or art using stones, leaves, trees,
grass or other natural elements are included in this
category.
- FEMINIST ARTS
o Emerged from concerns of female artist expressed through
art. They tackle issues of identity, sexuality, gender roles,
equality and the way in which the female is treated in
society among others.
- MINIMALISM
o Had stripped down, pre-fabricated look, free of details and
often with flat surface but expresses a specific content or
statement. An example is an electric wire emerging from
the wall that coils to form a particular shape.
- VIDEO ART
o Consist of images that are recorded through a video and
viewed through television, computer, or projection screen.
- GRAFFITI ART
o Is a drawing, inscription or sketch done hastily on a wall or
other surface made to seen by the public.
- POSTMODERN ART
Carries modern styles to extreme practices, often
o
expressing an idea through a mix materials such as found
objects welded together.
- BODY ART
o Is an art that uses the body as the medium or main
material. It can be painted or clothed and used to perform
artistic in public.
o Tattooing and piercing are examples of body art.
- DIGITAL ART
o Is done with the aid of computer to create an image or
design composed of bits and bytes. The image can be
printed on paper, tarpaulin or other mediums.
III. PHILIPPINE ART HISTORY
- PRE-COLONIAL
o ETHNIC ARTS
▪ Are those arts produced or made by an ethnic group
or tribe. It is characterized by solid lines, shapes, and
colorful accessories and more particularly made for
ritual purpose and everyday use.
o ISLAMIC ARTS
▪ Are produced by Muslim people, particularly in
Mindanao. This is characterized by geometric designs
and patterns eliciting focus from the believers.
o ASIAN ARTS
▪ Characterized by environment theme patterns, design
and subjects.
SEE NEXT PAGE!
(DI KASYA KASI DITO HAHAHHAHA)
First Quarterly Examination
FIRST SEMESTER MIDTERM EXAMINATIONS – CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION

- COLONIAL
o SPANISH PERIOD
▪ During this period, the art became a handmaiden of
religion, serving to propagate the Catholic faith and
thus support the colonial order at the same time.
▪ BYZANTINE PAINTING STYLE
• Langit, Lupa at Impierno by Josef Luciano Dans ca.
1850.
• Refers to the artistic products of the Eastern
Roman (Byzantine) Empire, as well as the nations
and states that inherited culturally from the
empire. These are more Christian based art.
▪ BAROQUE
• Miagao Church also known as the Sto. Tomas de
Villanueva Parish Church in Miagao, Iloilo,
Philippines.
• Baroque is often thought of as a period of artistic
style that used exaggerated motion and clear
easily interpreted detail to produce drama,
tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture,
painting, architecture, literature, dance, theater,
and music.
▪ ROCOCO ART
• Paoay Church
• Originated in the early 18th Century Paris, it is
characterized by whimsical, curvy lines and
elaborately decorative style of art, whose name
derives from the French word “rocaille” meaning,
rock-work after the forms of seashells.
▪ GOTHIC ART
• San Sebastian Church, Baguio Cathedral
First Quarterly Examination
FIRST SEMESTER MIDTERM EXAMINATIONS – CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION
• It is the style of art produced in Northern Europe
from the Middle Ages up until the beginning of the
Renaissance. Typically rooted in religious devotion,
it is especially known for the distinctive arched
design of its churches, its stained glass, and its
illuminated manuscripts.
▪ DAMIAN DOMINGO
• The Father of Filipino Painting
• He is the first Filipino to paint his face, the first Self-
portrait in the Philippines. He is the founder of the
Academia de Pintura, the first school of drawing in
the Philippines (1821). One of the known artists of
the decorative art illustrations tipos del pais
watercolour paintings that depict local costumes.
It also became an album of different native
costumes.
▪ JUAN LUNA Y NOVICIO
• A Filipino painter, sculptor and a political activist of
the Philippine Revolution during the late 19th
Century. His work, Spoliarium won the gold medal
in the 1884 Madrid Exposition of Fine Arts.
▪ FELIX RESSURECCION HIDALGO
• One of the greatest Filipino painters along with
fellow painter Juan Luna in the 19th Century. His
work has a touch of Romanticism and aesthetics
of Neoclassicism.
o AMERICAN PERIOD
▪ With the arrival of the new colonial power came a shift
in art patronage. From native ilustrados, to the favored
landscapes, sceneries, still life and genre theme.
▪ There from, the American colonization brought high
influence to the major Filipino arts forms such as
paintings, sculpture, and architectures.
▪ POPULAR ART STYLE DURING THE PHILIPPINE-AMERICAN
COLONIAL PERIOD
• Neoclassicism in Philippine Architecture: Manila
City Hall
• Art Deco in Philippine Architecture Metropolitan
Theater
• Bruxelles Art Nouveau in Philippine Architecture at
the Uy – Chaco Building.
▪ GUILLERMO TOLENTINO
• Won the National Artist Awards for Sculpture in
1973.
• He is considered to be the Father of Philippine Arts
because of his great works like the famous
“Bonifacio Monument” symbolizing Filipinos cry for
freedom, and “The Oblation” in UP signifying
academic freedom.
▪ EMERGENCE OF PHILIPPINE PRE-MODERN ART: THE
TRIUMVIRATE OF PHILIPPINE MODERN ART.
• VICTORIO EDADES, CARLOS “BOTONG” FRANCISCO,
GALO B. OCAMPO
o Introduced the Modern Art styles such as pop
art, maximalism, minimalism, abstraction,
expressionism, constructivism, magic realism,
and environmental art before the World War II.
o JAPANESE PERIOD
▪ Since the Japanese advocated for the culture of East
Asia, preference was given to the indigenous art and
traditions of the Philippines. This emphasized their
propaganda of Asia belonging to Asians.
First Quarterly Examination
FIRST SEMESTER MIDTERM EXAMINATIONS – CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION
- POST COLONIAL
o PHILIPPINE MODERN ART (1946 – 1970)
o POST PHILIPPINE MODERN ART (1970 – 1990)
o PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORARY ART (1980 – Present)
IV. PHILIPPINE ART DEPARTMENTS FOR
ART PROMOTION AND PRESERVATION
- NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR CULTURE AND THE ARTS
(NCCA)
o Established in 1992, it formulates and implements policies
and plans that will conserve and promote the nation’s
historical and cultural heritage. It ensures the widest
dissemination of artistic and cultural products.
o It preserves and integrates traditional culture and its
various creative expressions as a dynamic part of the
national cultural mainstream.
- CULTURAL CENTER OF THE PHILIPPINES (CCP)
o Itinatag noong taong 1969, ito ang pagpapalabas,
naghihimok ng paglikha ng mga gawang basal na
nagpupukaw ng sigla ng mga likha at kaugaliang Pilipino at
tumutlong na maging lapitan ang sining sa mga sektor ng
pamayanang Pilipino.
o Naglulunsad at sumusuporta rin ng pagtatag ng mga
sentrong pangkulturang panrehiyon at local sa
pakikipagtulungan ng mga pampook na pangkat.
- NATIONAL HISTORICAL COMMISSION OF THE
PHILIPPINES (NHCP)
o Established in the year 1972, it is the primary government
agency responsible for the promotion of Philippine history. It
commemorates, conducts research, undertakes and
prescribes restoration.
o It also is the agency set in resolving historical controversies
or issues.
- NATIONAL MUSEUM (PAMBANSANG MUSEO)
Established in 1887, it is originated from the Museo –
o
Biblioteca de Filipinas which was established on the
aforementioned year. It was inaugurated in 1891 with Don
Pedro A. Paterno as it’s first Filipino director.
o It implements and serves as a regulator and enforcement
agency of the Government with respect to a series of
cultural laws. It is also the lead agency in the official
commemoration of Museums and Galleries Month, which is
the month of October, every year.
- NATIONAL LIBRARY OF THE PHILIPPINES (NLP)
o Established in 1887, it is originated from the Museo –
Biblioteca de Filipinas which was established on the
aforementioned year. It was inaugurated in 1891 with Don
Pedro A. Paterno as it’s first Filipino director.
o It is the repository of the printed and recorded cultural
heritage of the country and other intellectual, literary and
information sources.
- NATIONAL ARCHIVES OF THE PHILIPPINES (N.A.P.;
PAMBANSANG SINUPAN NG PILIPINAS)
o Established in 2007, it coordinates government – wide
programs governing the creation, general protection, use,
storage, and disposition of public records, including the
acquisition, storage and preservation of public archives.
First Quarterly Examination
FIRST SEMESTER MIDTERM EXAMINATIONS – CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION
V. PHILIPPINE NATIONAL ARTIST
- PRESIDENTIAL PROCLAMATION NO. 1001, s. 1972:
o Created and established “THE AWARD AND DECORATION OF
NATIONAL ARTIST”.
o To give appropriate recognition and prestige to Filipinos
who have distinguished themselves and made outstanding
contributions to Philippine arts and letters.
- QUALIFICATIONS TO BECOME NATIONAL ARTIST
o CITIZENSHIP
▪ Living artist who are natural born Filipino citizens at
the time of nomination, as well those who died before
the establishment of the award in 1972 but Filipino
citizen at the time of death. Filipinos who have lost
and reacquired Filipino citizenship, through dual
citizenship status for at least the minimum period of
five years, shall be eligible for nomination.
o CONTENT
▪ Artist through the content and form of their works
have contributed in building a Filipino sense of
nationhood.
o CREATIVITY
▪ Artist who have pioneered in a mode creative
expression or style, thus earning distinction and
making an impact on succeeding generations of artist.
o EXCELLENCY
▪ Artist who have created a substantial and significant
body of works and/or consistently displayed
excellence in the practice of their art form thus
enriching artistic expression or style.
o ACCEPTANCE
▪ Artist who have broad acceptance from the ff.:
• Prestigious national artist or international
recognition, such as GAWAD CCP para sa Sining,
CCP Thirteen Artist Award, and NCCA Alab ng
Haraya.
• Critical acclaim or reviews of their work.
• Respect and esteem from peers.
- THE AWARD
o Lifetime benefits such as:
▪ P 200,000.00 cash award for living artist and P150,000
for the posthumous awardees.
▪ P50,000.00 lifetime monthly stipend.
▪ Life insurance coverage
▪ State funeral benefit not exceeding to P500,000.000
o Rank and title of “National Artist”, proclaimed by the
President.
o The National Artist gold-plated medallion minted by the
Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) and citation.
o A place of honor, in state functions, national
commemoration ceremonies and all other cultural
presentations.
VI. NATIONAL ARTIST FOR LITERATURE
- NICK M. JOAQUIN
o National Artist for Literature (1976)
o He was well known as a historian of the brief Golden Age of
Spain in the Philippines, as a writer of short stories suffused
with folk Roman Catholicism, as a playwright, and as a
novelist. Joaquin wrote his works in English.
First Quarterly Examination
FIRST SEMESTER MIDTERM EXAMINATIONS – CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION
- CARLOS P. ROMULO
o National Artist for Literature (1982)
o Carlos P. Romulo was an author and the foremost diplomat
of the Philippines. He was the only Filipino journalist to win
the Pulitzer Prize and the first Asian to serve as president
of the UN General Assembly (1949). He also gained
prominence as America's most trusted Asian spokesman.
o Romulo, in all, wrote and published 18 books, a range of
literary works which included The United (novel), I Walked
with Heroes (autobiography), I Saw the Fall of the
Philippines, Mother America, I See the Philippines Rise
(war-time memoirs).
- CARLOS QUIRINO
o National Artist for Historical Literature (1997)
o He is a famous Filipino. He is best known for his early
biography of Jose Rizal. He also wrote several works the
Philippine history and biographies of President Manuel
Quezon and the painter Damian Domingo. In 1997 he was
recognized as a National Artist of the Philippines for
Historical Literature.
- JOSE GARCIA VILLA
o National Artist for Literature (1973)
o Jose Garcia Villa was the first Filipino National Artist for
literature, an award-winning poet here in Philippines and in
United States. He is known for his "reverse consonance"
style in poetry such as "said" and "days“ His work in both
poetry and challenging traditional poetic style continues to
have an impact in modern poetry, both for members of the
poetry community and other Asian American writers.
- FRANCISCO ARCELLANA
o National Artist for Literature (1990)
o He is considered an important progenitor of the modern
Filipino short story in English. Arcellana pioneered the
development of the short story as a lyrical prose-poetic
form within Filipino literature. His works are now often taught
in tertiary-level syllabi in the Philippines.
- NESTOR VICENTE MADALI GONZALEZ
o National Artist for Literature (1997)
o Gonzalez is a fictionist, essayist, poet, and teacher,
articulated the Filipino spirit in rural, urban landscapes.
Among the many recognitions, he won the First
Commonwealth Literary Contest in 1940, received the
Republic Cultural Heritage Award in 1960 and the Gawad
CCP Para sa Sining in 1990.
- FRANCISCO SIONIL JOSE
o National Artist for Literature (2001)
o He is one of the most celebrated authors in the Philippines.
He is best known for his novels and short stories that
depict class struggles in Filipino society.
o Among his most notable works is The Rosales Saga, a five-
novel series that paints a picture of 100 years of Philippine
history.
- ALEJANDRO ROCES
o National Artist for Literature (2003)
o He is a short story writer and essayist and considered as the
country’s best writer of comic short stories. He is known for
his widely anthologized “My Brother’s Peculiar Chicken.”
In his innumerable newspaper columns, he has always
focused on the neglected aspects of the Filipino cultural
heritage.
o
First Quarterly Examination
FIRST SEMESTER MIDTERM EXAMINATIONS – CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION

VII. NATIONAL ARTIST FOR ARCHITECTURE - PABLO S. ANTONIO

o National Artist for Architecture (1976)
- PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE
o National Artist for Architecture Pablo Sebero Antonio
o The beauty of Philippine architecture reflects its history and
pioneered modern Philippine architecture. His basic
culture. It is a blend of indigenous, Chinese, Spanish,
design is grounded on simplicity, no clutter. The lines are
American, and Asian influences with a mixture of Western-
clean and smooth, and where there are curves, these are
style buildings.
made integral to the structure.
o The residences of its various communities, the churches
o Antonio’s major works are the:
and mosques they have constructed, and the structures
▪ Far Eastern University Administration and Science
built to suit the geophysical conditions, progress
buildings
requirements, and the people’s ambitions.
▪ Manila Polo Club
- JUAN F. NAKPIL ▪ Ideal Theater
o National Artist for Architecture (1973) ▪ Lyric Theater
o An architect, teacher, and civic leader is a pioneer and ▪ Galaxy Theater
innovator in Philippine architecture. In essence, Nakpil’s ▪ Capitan Luis Gonzaga Building
greatest contribution is his belief that there is such a thing ▪ Boulevard-Alhambra (now Bel-Air) apartments
as Philippine Architecture, espousing architecture ▪ Ramon Roces Publications Building (now Guzman
reflective of Philippine traditions and culture. Institute of Electronics).
o Nakpil’s major works are the:
- LEANDRO V. LOCSIN
▪ Geronimo de los Reyes Building,
o National Artist for Architecture (1990)
▪ Magsaysay Building
o Leandro V. Locsin reshaped the urban landscape with a
▪ Rizal Theater
distinctive architecture reflective of Philippine Art and
▪ Capitol Theater
Culture. He believes that the true Philippine Architecture is
▪ Captain Pepe Building
“the product of two great streams of culture, the oriental
▪ Manila Jockey Club
and the occidental.
▪ Rufino Building
o Locsin’s major works are the:
▪ Philippine Village Hotel
▪ Istana Nurul Iman, the palace of the Sultan of Brunei
▪ University of the Philippines Administration and
▪ The Cultural Center of the Philippines
University Library
▪ Folk Arts Theater,
▪ Reconstructed Rizal house in Calamba,
▪ Philippine International Convention Center (PICC)
▪ The Westin Hotel (now Sofitel Philippine Plaza).
First Quarterly Examination
FIRST SEMESTER MIDTERM EXAMINATIONS – CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGION

- FRANCISCO T. MAÑOSA of parks, plazas, gardens, and a wide range of outdoor

o National Artist for Architecture (2018) settings that have enhanced contemporary Filipino life.
o For all of his more than 60 years of architecture life, Ar. o Santos, Jr’s major works are the:
Bobby Mañosa designed Filipino. From the 1960s in his ▪ Tagaytay Highland Resort
landmark design of the Sulo Hotel until his retirement about ▪ Mt. Malarayat Golf and Country Club in Lipa, Batangas
2015, he courageously and passionately created original ▪ Orchard Golf and Country Club in Imus, Cavite.
Filipino forms, spaces with intricate and refined details.
o Mañosa’s major works are the:
▪ San Miguel Building, Ortigas Center, Pasig City
(designed with the Mañosa Brothers)
▪ Chapel of the Risen Lord, Las Piñas City
▪ Our Lady of Peace Shrine, EDSA, Quezon City
▪ World Youth Day Papal Altar, Quirino Grandstand,
Manila, 1995
▪ Metrorail Transit System Stations for LRT 1, circa 1980s
▪ Quezon Memorial Circle Development Plan
▪ Lanao del Norte Provincial Capitol, Tubod, Lanao del
Norte
▪ Tahanang Pilipino (Coconut Palace), CCP Complex,
Manila
▪ Amanpulo Resort, Palawan
▪ Pearl Farm Resort, Samal Island, Davao, completed
1994
▪ La Mesa Watershed Resort and Ecological Park, La
Mesa Dam, Quezon City
- ILDEFONSO P. SANTOS, JR.
o National Artist for Architecture (2006)
o Distinguished himself by pioneering the practice of
landscape architecture–an allied field of architecture–in
the Philippines and then producing four decades of
exemplary and engaging work that has included hundreds