In Partial Fulfillment of

The Requirements for the Course

Construction Materials and Testing Laboratory (CECMAT1L)

Presented to the Faculty of the

College of Engineering
National University - Fairview

CONCRETE MIX

Section:

CE23

Submitted by:

Banez, Alexa Marie

Dahiroc, Janine Alyssa
Garcia, Shakira Amber
Santos, Jeanne Russell

Submitted to:

Engr. Rogel Exequiel E. Talagtag

Date Submitted:

November 11, 2023

 I. Introduction

The most commonly utilized artificial building material is concrete. The main method for
obtaining it is to combine cement, aggregate, and water. Concrete comes in a variety of formulas,
each offering unique qualities. Its surface can be colored and textured for aesthetic effects, and it can
be molded into any shape. Concrete is frequently used to build motorways, highways, runways,
parking structures, architectural structures, pavements, bridges/overpasses, pipes, footings for gates,
fences, and poles, and dams in the industry world and also in the specific fields of civil engineering
in the country.

Concrete is a substance created by cementing aggregates together with water. Aside from cement,
aggregate is the main component of concrete. Aggregates of many kinds, such as sand, crushed
stone, gravel, slag, ashes, burned shale, and burned clay, can be utilized.

II. Summary of Experiment

We started the process by gathering the necessary materials - cement, sand, gravel, and water - in
specific proportions to create the concrete mixture. Once the mixture was prepared, we carefully
poured it into three-cylinder molds, ensuring that each mold was filled. To ensure a solid and uniform
structure, we thoroughly compressed the mixture, eliminating any empty spaces or excessive air.
After this, we allowed the mold to dry for a minimum of 18 to 24 hours. To facilitate the curing
process, we submerged the three dry concrete cylinders in a water tank, where they were left to cure
for 28 days. This extended curing period would promote optimal strength and durability in the
concrete. After the curing period, we carefully removed the concrete cylinders from the water tank
and wiped them meticulously with a cloth to ensure they were completely dry before undertaking
further testing. It is worth noting that the quality and workability of the concrete, both in its fresh and
hardened states, greatly depend on the thorough and meticulous mixing process. By achieving a well-
mixed concrete mixture, we can ensure that the final product meets the desired standards in terms of
its strength, durability, and overall performance.

III. Documentation
Figure 1. Prepare the cylindrical molds and lather the interior part with oil.

1
Figure 2-4. Measure 1 sand, 1 gravel, half cement fourths water.
2

Figure 5-8. Combine the sand, gravel, cement, and water.

 Figure 9-10. Combine the mixture thoroughly and slowly add water.

1
Figure 11-13. Pour of the mixture and start tamping, repeat until the mold is full.
3
 Figure 14-16. Dry the concrete for at least 18-24 hours and carefully remove it from the mold.

Figure 17-19. Submerge the concrete cylinders in water and cure them for 28 days
IV. Observation and Things Learned from the Experiment

We have gained knowledge regarding the importance of correctly combining the various components
of concrete, namely cement, aggregates (such as sand and gravel), and water, in specific proportions. The
appropriate blending of these ingredients holds vital significance as each component possesses distinct
properties. Achieving a well-balanced concrete mix is not a simple task, as improper proportions and
inadequate adherence to prescribed guidelines can result in the development of cracks and compromised
structural integrity in buildings. Furthermore, allowing the concrete to undergo a 28-day curing process is
necessary for it to attain its maximum strength before undergoing testing. This prolonged curing period
allows the concrete to dry completely and reach its optimum level of hardness. By adhering to these
essential requirements and maintaining proper procedures, we ensure the production of durable and
workable concrete structures.