Chr

onol
ogyofEv
ent
s:Januar
y1990-Januar
y
Publ
i
sher
Canada:I
mmi
grat
ionandRef
ugeeBoar
dof
Canada
Aut
hor
ResearchDi
rect
orat
e,I
mmmi
grat
ionand
RefugeeBoard,
Canada
Publ
i
cat
ionDat
e
1Januar
y1993
Ci
teas
Canada:Immi grat
ionandRef ugeeBoar dof
Canada,ChronologyofEv ents:January1990-
January,
1Januar y1993, avail
ableat:
htt
p://
www. refworld.
org/
doci d/
3ae6a8104.ht
ml [
accessed27Sept ember2016]
Di
scl
aimer
Thi
sisnotaUNHCRpubl
i
cat
ion.UNHCRi
snot
responsiblefor,
nordoesi tnecessaril
y
endor se,i
tscontent.Anyviewsexpr essedare
solelythoseoftheaut hororpubli
sheranddo
notnecessar i
lyrefl
ectthoseofUNHCR, t
he
UnitedNat i
onsori t
sMemberSt ates.
GLOSSARY
AOLFAboOr
omoLi
ber
ati
onFr
ont
EDLM Er
it
reanDemocr
ati
cLi
ber
ati
on
Movement
EDM Er
it
reanDemocr
ati
cMov
ement
EDUPEt
hiopi
anDemocr
ati
cUni
tyPar
ty
ELFEr
it
reanLi
ber
ati
onFr
ont
ELF-
NCEri
tr
eanLi
ber
ati
onFr
ont-Nat
ional
Counci
l
ELF-RCErit
reanLiber
ati
onFr
ont-
Revolut
ionaryCounci
l
ELF-
UOEr
it
reanLi
ber
ati
onFr
ont-Uni
ted
Or
gani
zat
ion
EPLFEr
it
reanPeopl
e'
sLi
ber
ati
onFr
ont
EPRDFEthi
opi
anPeopl
e'
sRev
olut
ionar
y
Democr
aticFr
ont
I
FLOI
slami
cFr
ontf
ort
heLi
ber
ati
onofOr
omo
I
GLFI
ssaandGur
gur
aLi
ber
ati
onFr
ont
OLFOr
omoLi
ber
ati
onFr
ont
ONLFOgadenNat
ional
Liber
ati
onFr
ont
OPDOOr omoPeopl
e'
sDemocr
ati
c
Organi
zati
on
OPULFOr
omoPeopl
e'
sUni
tedLi
ber
ati
onFr
ont
SPDASout
her
nPeopl
e'
sDemocr
ati
cAl
l
iance
TPLFTi
grayPeopl
e'
sLi
ber
ati
onFr
ont
WPEWor
ker
sPar
tyofEt
hiopi
a
WSLFWest
ernSomal
iLi
ber
ati
onFr
ont
CHRONOLOGY
1990
1Januar
y
TheErit
reanPeople'sLi
berat
ionFront(EPLF)
freest
enthousandEt hi
opi
anprisoners-
of-
war
(ODR-Bullet
ind'
informati
onJan.1991).
Febr
uar
y
AtSanaa,Yemen, thegov er
nmentandt he
Eri
tr
eanLiberati
onFr ont(ELF)minori
ty
mov emententerintonegotiat
ions
(Documentat
ion-Réfugiés31Aug. -
9Sept.
1990,5)
.
15Febr
uar
y
ThePresidentofEthiopia,
Mengi st
uHail
e-
Mari
am, ordershi
st roopstoretakethepor
tof
Massawa, whichhadbeeni nt
hehandsofthe
EPLF"rebels"f
orthreeday s(I
bid.)
.
5-
7Mar
ch
Pr esidentMengi st
uannouncest hatthe
Wor kersPartyofEthiopia( WPE)wi l
l
hencef orthbeknownast heEt hiopian
Democr ati
cUni t
yPar ty(EDUP) .Thisdecisi
on
reflectsMengi st
u'sdesi r
et oat tr
acttohis
par tythevariousopposi t
iongr oupsi ncl
uding
theTi grayanandEr itr
eanr ebels, i
nthehope
thatt hismov ewi l
lsaveEt hiopiafrom
disintegrati
on.Heal sopr omi sestoi mplement
aser i
esofeconomi creforms( Marchés
tropicaux9Mar .1990, 687;ODR-Bul let
in
d'informationJan.1991;
Document
ati
on-
Réf
ugi
és5-
14Mar
.1990,
5).
8-
10Mar
ch
Thousandsofst udent
sdemonst rateinf
rontof
theembassi esoft heUni
tedSt at
es,theUSSR
andGr eatBrit
ain,demandingthatthese
countri
esintervenetoendt hecivi
lwar,
part
icular
il
yinEr it
reaandTigray.Theyal
so
demonstratei
nf r
ontoftheembassi
esofLibya
andSudant oprotestt
hosecount
ri
es'suppor
t
fortheEthi
opi
anr ebelmovement
s(Marchés
tropi
caux16Mar .1990,779)
.
22May
TheEt hiopianPeople'sRev oluti
onary
Democr aticFront(EPRDF)cl ai
mst ohave
ki
lled1,400sol dier
sdur i
ngf ight
inginthe
provinceofShoa.Thegov ernmenthadst ated
on17Apr il
,howev er,
thatther ebels'i
nfi
l
trati
on
attemptsi nthatprovincehadbeent hwarted
(Marchést ropicaux15June1990, 1698).
23May
Twelveofthefourt
eengeneral
swhowere
i
nvolvedintheMay1989attemptedcoup
d'
étatareexecut
ed(LaPresse23May1990)
.
25May
TheEPLFannouncest
hel
i
ber
ati
onof8,
000
Ethi
opianpri
soners-
of-
warcaptur
edduri
ng
fi
ghti
ngintheMassawaar eainFebr
uary1990
(Marchéstr
opicaux15June1990,1698).
21June
Inaspeechdel i
ver
edbeforet heShengo(the
Ethi
opianparl
iament),Pr
esidentMengistu
acknowledgesthatthecountryisonthe"bri
nk
ofdisi
ntegr
ati
on"(ODR-Bul leti
nd'i
nfor
mat i
on
Jan.1991).
25June
Toensure"nationalsecur
it
yandthecountry
's
ter
ri
tori
ali
ntegrit
y,"t
heShengoproclai
ms
generalmobil
izati
on(Documentat
ion-Réf
ugiés
22June-1July1990, 5).
3Jul
y
TheEPLFclaimst
ohav eki
ll
ed1,300soldi
ers
andinj
ured2,
000other
sinfi
ghti
ngin
sout
heaster
nAsmar a(
Ibi
d.2-11July1990,6).
EndJul
y
Tigr
ayPeople'
sLiber
ati
onFront(
TPLF)r
ebel
s
areabout80kil
ometresfr
om Addi
sAbaba
(I
bid.31Aug.-
9Sept.1990,5)
.
9Sept
ember
Some500prisonerssent encedtotermsfrom
onetotwent
yy earsinprisonaregiven
amnestyonthesixteenthanniver
saryofthe
Ethi
opi
anrevol
ution(Xinhua8Sept .1990).
Anothersourcerepor
tsthefreei
ngof120
pr
isoners(Reuters26Sept.1990).
19Sept
ember
TheErit
reanDemocrati
cMov ement(EDM)and
theEPLFdecidetofor
m asinglepar
ty(ODR-
Bull
eti
nd'i
nformat
ionJan.1991).
2Oct
ober
TheEPLFannouncest
hati
thasr
epel
l
eda
massi
veoffensi
vebytheEthi
opi
anarmy
(
Afr
iquecontemporai
neFir
stQuart
er1991,
78)
.
6Nov
ember
Ethi
opiaandIsraelsi
gnanagreementtoal
low
emigrat
ionoftheFalachas(Et
hiopi
anJews)
(ODR-Bullet
ind'i
nfor
mat i
onJan.1991)
.
18December
TheOromoLi berati
onFr ont(OLF)cl
aimst o
haveki
ll
ed95Et hiopiangov er
nmentsol di
ers.
ThegovernmentofEt hiopiaandtheleadersof
theEPLFagreetot here-openingoft
hepor tof
Massawat oall
owt hemov ementof
humanit
arianaid(Afri
quecont emporaine
SecondQuarter1991, 87).
EndDecember
TheTPLF,EPLFandOLFclaimtohav eki
l
led
sever
alhundr
edgovernmentsol
dier
sin
fi
ghti
ng.TheOLFlay
ssiegetothetownof
Wol
l
ega(
Ibi
d.)
.
1991
23Januar
y
TheOLFclai
mstohavekil
l
ed600Ethi
opian
gover
nmentsol
dier
sdur
ingfi
ght
ing(I
bid.)
.
6Febr
uar
y
TheEPRDFcl
aimstohavekil
ledsome138
Ethi
opi
angov
ernmentsol
dier
sinfight
ing(
Ibi
d
.)
.
19Febr
uar
y
TheEt
hiopi
anarmyclai
mst ohav
ekill
ed225
membersoftheTPLFinfi
ghti
ng(I
bid.)
.
21-
22Febr
uar
y
Thegov ernmentandt
heEPLFstar
t
negoti
ationsinWashi
ngt
on(Keesi
ng'
s1991
Feb.1991, 37996)
.
2Mar
ch
TheTPLFrebel
sandt hei
rall
iesintheEPRDF
cl
aimtocontr
oltheenti
reregionofGojj
am.
TheEPLF,meanwhil
e,announcesthecapt ur
e
ofthet
ownofTioont heRedSea( Keesing's
1991Mar.1991,
38089) .
24Mar
ch
Rebelscl
aimtohav
ebl ownupaf or
ti
fi
ed
posi
ti
onandkill
edmoret han1,
000soldi
ers
(Af
ri
quecontemporai
neThi r
dQuart
er1991,
90).
19-
20Apr
il
Presi
dentMengistuannouncesduringathree-
hourspeechthatheispreparedtostepdown
i
fsuchagest urewouldhelpmaintainnat
ional
unit
y(Keesi
ng's1991Apr .1991,
38137).
23Apr
il
TheShengovot
esi
nf av
ourofaresol
uti
ont
o
est
abl
ishapeacef
orum inwhi
chthe
oppositi
onpart
ieswoul
dpart
ici
pat
e.Thi
s
forum i
stoleadtothef
ormat
ionofa
transi
ti
onalgover
nment.
Thegov er
nmentalsocallsforgener
al
mobil
izati
on,andinvi
tesEthiopi
ansaged18
andovertojointhearmyandmi li
ti
atocont
ain
the"
rebel"advance(I
bid.).
26Apr
il
TesfayeDinka,unt
ilnowtheMinist
erof
External
Affai
rs,i
sappointedpr
imemi ni
ster
(Af
r i
quecontemporaineThir
dQuarter1991,
91).
9May
PrimeMinist
erDinkafor
msa20- member
governmentthati
swell-
recei
vedbyt
hefor
eign
pressanddiplomats(
Keesing'
s1991May
1991,38174).
11May
TheShengoorder
sthemobili
zati
onofall
ci
ti
zensaged18andover(Afr
ique
cont
emporai
neThirdQuar
ter1991,91)
.
21May
Afterfourt
eeny earsofabsolut
epower ,
PresidentMengi st
uresi
gnsasHeadofSt ate
andl eavesforZimbabwe( Afri
caResearch
Bulleti
n1-31May1991, 10130).
23May
ThegovernmentofPr i
meMinist
erDinkafr
ees
187pol
iti
cal pr
isoner
s(TheI
ndependent24
May1991, 14).
27May
Isr
ael or
gani
zesamassi v eair
li
ftt
oev acuate
some15, 000Falachasfrom AddisAbaba, as
partof"Operat
ionSolomon. "TheUnit
edSt ates
i
sgi venaguaranteethattheEPRDFwi l
lnot
enterthecapit
albeforetheendoft he
evacuati
on(Afr
iquecont
empor
aineThi
rd
Quarter1991,
91;IPS22Jul
y1991)
28May
TheEPRDFbot hoffi
cial
l
yand"
inpri
ncipl
e,
prov
isional
l
y ,
"takespoweri
nEthi
opia
(Marchéstropi
caux31May1991, 1359).
29May
TheEPRDFbr eaksupdemonst r ati
onsagainst
thenewr egi
mei nAddi sAbaba.Thesecl ashes
resulti
nninedeathsandsev eral wounded.The
EPLFf ormsapr ovisi
onalgov ernmenti n
Erit
reaandpromi sestoholdar eferendum on
i
ndependence( Afri
quecont empor ai
neThird
Quar t
er1991,91).
3-
4June
Hundr
edsofpeoplearekill
edinanexpl
osion
atamunit
ionsdump, whichcausesahugefi
re
i
ntheEthi
opiancapi
tal(Marchéstr
opi
caux7
June1991,
1454)
.
5June
EPRDFt r
oopsenterthetownofDi r
eDawa.
Somedemonst rat
orsprotest
ingthe
occupati
onofthei
rtownar ekil
l
edinclashes
(Af
riquecont
empor ai
neThirdQuarter1991,
91).
10June
Accor
dingt oSudaneseauthor
it
ies,
morethan
140,
000Et hi
opianshavesoughtref
ugei
n
Sudansincethedepartur
eofMengistu(
Ibi
d.).
22June
Thenewgov ernmentofEthi
opiaexpel
s
member softheformergover
ningpart
yandof
thefor
mersecur i
tyfor
cesofthekebel
les,
or
urban-
dwell
ers'associ
ati
ons(I
bid.)
.
1-
5Jul
y
Repr esentativesof24pol i
ticalpart
iesand
ethnicgr oupsmeeti nAddi sAbabaata
nati
onal conferenceont hecount r
y'
sf ut
ure.
Thepar t
icipantsrecognizethatErit
reacannot
bef orcedt or emainpartofEt hi
opia(Afr
ica
Conf identi
al 12July1991, 1).
3Jul
y
Ethi
opiasignsaagr eementwit
hEr i
treat
o
all
owi taccesstotheportofAssab,inEr
itr
ean
terr
it
ory(TheIndianOceanNewsletter6July
1991).
5Jul
y
TheEPLFpr oclai
msEr i
tr
eani ndependence
andannouncest heorganizati
onofa
ref
erendum onself-
determinati
onfor1993( Le
Devoir6Jul
y1991) .Moreov er
,thenew
administ
rat
ionexpelsthousandsofci v
il
ians-
mostlyAhmar asandTigrayans-whohadbeen
l
i
vinginEri
tr
eaformanyyear
s(The
I
ndependent6Jul
y1991)
.
10Jul
y
Somet wentypeopleareki
ll
edduringethni
c
clashesbetweenOromosandI ssas(anethni
c
Somal icl
an)i
nDireDawa,ineasternEt
hiopia
(BBCSummar y12July1991).
Mi
d-Jul
y
Fighti
ngoccursbet
weenAf ar
sandt heEPRDF
forcesinYalo,
int
heprovi
nceofTigray.The
Afarleadersar
earr
ested(TheIndi
anOcean
Newsl et
ter20Jul
y1991).
23Jul
y
MelesZenawi ,
headoft heEPRDFandi nter
im
presi
dentofEthiopi
asincethetakeoverof
AddisAbababyhi ssupporter
s,i
selected
unanimouslyasHeadofSt atebytheCouncil
ofRepresentat
ives,
thenewpar l
iament(Le
Dev
oir24Jul
y1991)
.
29Jul
y
TamiratLay
neiselect
edpri
memi ni
sterof
Ethi
opiabytheCounci
lofRepresent
atives
(BBCSummar y31July1991).
Ear
lyAugust
Armyof f
icersr epatr
iat
edfrom Sudanaccuse
theEPLFofhav i
ngmassacr edthousandsof
formerEt hiopiangov ernmentoffi
cial
sduri
ng
thetakeov erofAsmar ainMay1991.TheEPLF
categor i
callydeniestheseaccusations,
clai
mi ngt hatitalwaysappli
edtheGenev a
Conv entionwi thregardtoit
sprisoners-
of-
war
(TheI ndianOceanNewsl ett
er3Aug.1991) .
8August
TheUNHCRi mplement
sitspr
ogrammet o
repatr
iat
ethe3,500to4,
000civi
l
iansand
mili
taryper
sonnelwhohavebeenrefugeesi
n
Dji
boutisi
nceMay1991(
Libér
ati
on9Aug.
1991).
10August
Pri
meMinist
erLay
nefor
msagov er
nmentof
17mini
ster
s(LeMonde13Aug.1991)
.
27August
TheEPRDFandtheOLFagreetobri
nganend
tofi
ght
ingi
ntheeast
ernpartoft
hecount
ry
(BBCSummary29Aug.1991).
Ear
lySept
ember
Thepr ovi
sionalgovernmentofEri
treadeci
des
tocreate10i ndependentr
egions(TheIndi
an
OceanNewsl ett
er7Sept.1991).
Mi
d-Sept
ember
Viol
entfi
ghti
ngerupt
sbet
weenAfar
sand
EPRDFtroopsinGewani
,i
ntheAwashVal
l
ey
(I
bid.21Sept.1991)
.
21-
22Sept
ember
Ethiopiandef
enceminist
erSi yeAbr
ahastates
thatsome550, 000governmentsoldi
erswere
kil
leddur i
ngt
heseventeeny earst
hat
Mengi stuhel
dpower,halfofthem i
nthelast
fi
vemont hs(
TheTorontoStar24Sept.1991).
Mi
d-Oct
ober
ThenewgovernmentofEthi
opiaannounces
thati
thasf
reedmorethan65,000soldi
ersof
thefor
merMengist
uregimefrom det
enti
on.
Mor ethan100peopl earekil
ledinoneweeki n
theeasternpartofthecountryinfighti
ng
betweent heEPRDFandt heI ssaandGur gur
a
Liberat
ionFront(IGLF)
,alongtheDi r
eDawa-
AddisAbabar ail
road(AFP14Oct .1991;13
Oct.1991) .
9Nov
ember
Cl
ashesbet
weenmember
soft
heAmhar
aand
Oromot r
ibesl eave61deadandmor ethan
300inj
uredi nDi reDawa, t
hesecondlar
gest
cit
yinEthiopia.Aut hor
it
iesimposeacurfew
(Reut
ers14Nov .1991;BBCSummar y15Nov .
1991).
10Nov
ember
Some100, 000peopl
edemonst r
atei
nAddis
Ababa,demandingthetr
ialoff
ormerdi
ctat
or
Mengistu,
inexi
leinZimbabwe(Reut
ers10
Nov.1991).
EndNov
ember
FourOromogr oups, t
heOr omoPeopl e's
Democrati
cOr ganizati
on(OPDO) ,theIsl
ami c
Frontf
orLiberati
onofOr omo( IFLO),t
he
OromoPeopl e'sUnit
edLiberati
onFr ont
(OPULF)andt heAboOr omoLi berati
onFr ont
(AOLF)decidetocoor di
natetheireff
ortsand
prepar
efortheirunifi
cati
on(TheI ndi
anOcean
Newsl
ett
er30Nov
.1991)
.
7December
TheCounci lofRepr esent ati
vesannouncest he
divi
sionofthecount ryinto14new
autonomousr egionaladmi nistrat
ions.
Accor di
ngtonat ional r
adio,wi t
hinthe
framewor kofest abli
shingaf ederalsystem
alongethniclines,theseadmi nist
rati
onswi l
l
create"regi
onal l
aws, ensur einternalsecuri
ty
andchooset heof f
ici
al languagef orthe
region"(Marchést ropicaux13Dec.1991,
3306) .
13December
TheEthiopi
anHumanRi ght
sCouncil
saysthat
some1,376personsdetai
nedbythenew
gover
nmentmustbet ri
edorfr
eed(Reut
ers13
Dec.1991).
1992
16Januar
y
TheUNHCRdeci dest ohalttheevacuat
ionof
15,000Sudaneser efugeesinwesternEthi
opi
a
afteranarmedat tackresul
tsinthedeathof
fourGermanSoci etyforTechnicalCo-
operati
on( GZT)staffmember s.TheGZTwas
transpor
tingtherefugeesonbehal foft
he
UNHCR( AFP16Jan.1992) .
17Januar
y
TheCounci l
ofRepresentati
vescreatesa
specialof
fi
cetoinvesti
gatecri
mescommi t
ted
undertheMengisturegi
me( Af
ri
que
contemporaineFi
rstQuarter1992,79).
1Febr
uar
y
TheCouncil
ofRepr esentati
vesestabl
ishesan
el
ectoral
commissionr esponsi
bleforthe
el
ecti
on,byuni
versalsuffrage,
ofregionaland
nat
ionalmembers(BBCSummar y3Feb.
1992)
.
13Febr
uar
y
Ethiopi
ant el
evi
sionannouncest
he
exhumat i
onofther emainsofEmper
orHail
e
Selassie,
whowasdeposedbyMengi st
uin
1974( AFP14Feb.1992) .
14Febr
uar
y
AmhaSel assie,pr
etendertotheEthi
opian
throne,announcesi nWashingtonthathe
wishest oreturntoEthiopi
atoestabli
sha
"consti
tuti
onal monarchy."Healsodeclar
es
hisopposi t
iontoEritr
eanindependence(Ibi
d.)
25Mar
ch
AccordingtotheIGLF,clashesbetweenI GLF
mili
tantsandgov er
nmentf orcessi
nce11
Marchint heHarargheregionhaveleft250
Ethi
opiansoldier
sdead.TheI GLFclaimst o
havelostonlyninemili
tantsinthefi
ghting
(
Libér
ati
on25Mar
.1992)
.
31Mar
ch
Accordi
ngtonati
onal r
adio,24peoplehav e
beenkil
ledandanother25woundedi nan
"i
l
legaldemonstr
ati
on"or gani
zedbyt heOLFin
Weter,i
ntheeaster
npar tofthecountry.The
OLFestimatest
hatthisdemonst r
ati
onl eft90
deadand300wounded( AFP31Mar .1992).
3Apr
il
Fol
lowingthemurderofoneofi tsemploy
ees
i
nsout heast
ernEt
hiopia,theUNHCRdecides
towit
hdr awit
spersonnelfrom t
hatar
ea
(Li
bérati
on5Apr.1992) .
6Apr
il
Thepr ovi
sionalgovernmentofEr
itr
eadecrees
thatpersonsofEr i
tr
eandescentorthose
adoptedbyanEr i
tr
ean,thosebor
nonnat i
onal
terr
it
oryandt hosewhol i
vedther
ebetween
1934to1974withoutcommitt
ing"cri
mes
agai
nstthepeopl
e"areent
it
ledtoErit
rean
nati
onal
i
ty(BBCSummar y10Apr .1992).
15Apr
il
TheEPRDFandt heOLFsignacease- f
ire
agreementundertheauspicesoftheUnited
Statesandtheprovi
sional
gov er
nmentof
Eri
trea.Thi
sagreementspecif
iesthatthetwo
camps' for
cesmustremainont hei
rrespecti
ve
bases( TheIndi
anOceanNewsl et
ter18Apr.
1992).
10May
Accordi
ngtonational
radi
o,OLF-l
edpolit
ical
vi
olencei
ncreasesintheBal
e,Souther
nShoa
andSidamor egi
ons(AFP11May1992) .
21June
Accor
dingtoEthiopi
anradi
o,regional
el
ecti
onstakeplacewit
houtincident.The
OromoLi berati
onFr ont(OLF) ,theAl l
-Amhar a
People'sOr ganizati
on( APO) ,andt heIslamic
FrontforLiberat i
onofOr omo( IFLO),howev er,
accuset heEPRDFofhav i
ng" i
nt i
midat ed,
harassedandi mpr i
soned"t heircandidat es
andsuppor ter
s( AFP21June1992) .These
groupsdeci det oboy cotttheelections( AFP18
June1992) .
Inaddit
ion,theregionalelecti
onsaredelay
ed
i
nt heAfarandSomal iregionsandinthecit
y
ofHarar,which,li
keAddi sAbaba,isan
elect
oralregionuntoitself(AFP21June1992).
23June
Toprotesttheatt
acksbyEPRDFmember son
Oromosol di
ersoftheformerr
egime,theOLF
deci
dest owithdr
awitsfourmini
ster
sf r
om the
gover
nment( LeMonde25June1992) .
25June
Acommi t
teemadeupofr epresent ati
vesof
theEmbassiesoft heUnit
edSt ates, Sweden,
Bri
tainandCanada, aswellastheUni ted
NationsDevelopmentProgram ( UNDP)and
theEuropeanCommuni t
y,establishan
i
nternati
onalcommi ssi
ont oseekapeacef ul
soluti
ontotheproblemsinEt hiopia,withthe
approvaloftheEPRDFandt heOLF( Hornof
Afri
caBullet
inJuly
-Aug.1992a, 26) .
29June
Accordingtonat i
onal r
adio,t
woOLFat tacks
havebeenpushedbackbygov er
nmentf or
ces
i
nt heBaleregion.OLFr adiostat
esthatOLF
supporter
s" havekil
ledsomef ift
ygovernment
soldi
ersandi nj
uredt hi
rt
ymor einwestern
Oromia"(thehomel andoft heOromo)
(Marchést r
opicaux10Jul y1992,1851).
5Jul
y
Patri
archPaulosGuebreYohannesiselect
ed
torepl
aceMar kaniosast
heheadoft heHoly
SynodoftheEt hi
opianOr
thodoxCoptic
Church(TheIndianOceanNewslett
er18July
1992).
9Jul
y
TheCouncilofRepresent
ati
vesdeci
desto
cl
osetheOLFof fi
cesinAddisAbabaandin
otherr
egions(HornofAfri
caBull
eti
nJuly-
Aug.
1992b,24;Marchéstropi
caux17July1992,
1855).
11Jul
y
Severalt
housandpeopl eatt
endthef uneralof
Patr
iarchTeopihi
os,f
or merheadoft he
Ethi
opianOrthodoxCopt i
cChurch.Teopihios
wasassassinatedthi
rteenyearsbefore,and
wasnotent i
tl
edtoaf uneralatt
hetime
(Marchéstr
opicaux17Jul y1992,1913).
16Jul
y
Tenparti
esf ormingtheSouthernPeople'
s
Democrati
cAl li
ance(SPDA)demandt hatthe
resul
tsofthe21Juner egi
onalelect
ionsbe
deemedinv ali
d,owingtoir
regulari
ti
eswhich
theycl
aimt ookplace(Document ati
on-
Réfugi
és10- 19July1992,4).
6August
Thegov ernmentannouncesthel
i
fti
ngoft r
avel
restr
ict
ionsonmember softheWPE, oncethe
onlypartyint
hecountry(Hor
nofAfri
ca
Bull
etinSept.
-Oct
.1992,11).
Oct
ober
TheEr i
tr
eantransiti
onal gover
nmentfrees90
"pol
iti
calpr
isoners"detainedforhavi
ng
"commi t
tedcri
mesagai nsttheEri
tr
eanpeople
undertheMengi sturegime."Amongt hese
personsareWPEof fi
cials(Marchéstr
opicaux
9Oct
.1992,
2594)
.
Mi
d-Oct
ober
AccordingtotheOgadenNat i
onalLiberat
ion
Front(ONLF),EPRDFsoldier
shav esetfir
eto
thetownsofBaar eyandGodeandsackeda
dist
ri
ctofKebr i
Deharinthesoutheasternpart
ofthecountry(Documentati
on-Réfugi
és28
Oct.-
6Nov .1992,4).
19Oct
ober
Adecreeontheact i
vi
ties,fr
eedom anddut
ies
ofthepressi
nEthiopiaisadoptedbythe
provi
si
onalgover
nment( BBCSummar y23Oct.
1992).
28Oct
ober
InRome, t
heELF-RC(Revolut
ionaryCounci
l)
,
theELF-UO(Unit
edOrganizat
ion),t
heELF-NC
(Nati
onalCounci
l)andtheEri
treanDemocrati
c
Liber
ati
onMov ement(EDLM), br
ought
togetherintheErit
reanNationalPactAll
iance
(ENPA) ,denouncethemonopol izati
onof
powerbyt heEPLF,whichtheydeem t obe
dict
atori
al (Documentati
on-
Réf ugiés28Sept.
-7
Oct.1992) .
4Nov
ember
Theopposi
ti
onreportsfi
ghti
ngbet
weent he
EPRDFandlocalpopulat
ioni
ntheprov
incesof
GondarandGojj
am (BBCSummar y7Nov .
1992)
.
Ther epr
esentat
iveofthepr ovisi
onal
gov er
nmentofEritr
eainAddi sAbaba
announcesthatnopol i
ticalpartywillbe
consider
edlegalbeforet hereferendum
plannedfornextyear.Headdst hatEritr
eans
l
ivingabroaddonothav et her i
ghttov ote(The
IndianOceanNewsl ett
er7Nov .1992) .
18Nov
ember
Anoppositi
onradiostat
ionreport
sf i
ghti
ngin
theprovi
ncesofBale,Woll
ega,Kaffa,and
Gojjam,aswell
asinBegemder ,andst at
es
thatcondi
ti
onsintheseregi
onsar eunsafe
(Ibi
d.28Nov.1992).
21Nov
ember
Dissentwit
hintheEPRDFgov ernmentall
i
ance
i
sr eport
edbytheoppositi
on.Member softhe
OPDOar ereportedl
yar
restedintheprovi
nce
ofWol l
ega,Di
reDawa,AmboandAsel la(
Ibi
d.
21Nov .1992).
5December
Thegov er
nmentofEthiopi
aannouncesthatno
armedSomal igr
oupwillbeall
owedint
o
Ethi
opiaandthatitwi
l
lassistonl
ySomali
ci
v i
l
ianref
ugees(AFP5Dec.1992) .
18December
Ani
nit
ial
groupof500Et
hiopi
anr
efugeesi
n
Kenyar et
urntothei
rcountr
yf ol
lowi
ngapeace
agreementsignedbyt hev
ariousOromo
subclanswithi
ntheframewor kofUNHCR-
organizedmediati
on.
Appr oxi
mat ely50,
000oft hesome80, 000
refugeesliv
ingi nKenyahaveregist
eredwith
theUNHCRf orevent
ualrepatr
iat
ionto
Ethiopia(BBCSummar y21Dec.1992) .
1993
4Januar
y
Atleastsevenpeoplearekil
l
edandaf ew
hundredothersarewoundedbypol i
ceata
demonst r
ati
onprotesti
ngthev i
sitbythe
Secretar
yGeneraloftheUnitedNat i
onsto
AddisAbaba( Xi
nhua4Jan.1993) .
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éthi
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ri
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BBCSummar yofWorl
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opi
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oon
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Goj
am "
.(NEXI
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il
1992."Er
it
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sUpan
El
ector
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.(NEXIS)
BBCSummar yofWor l
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s.15
November1991."
Ethiopi
aDeathTolli
nDire
DawaRises;
Reli
giousDimensionNoted"
.
(NEXI
S)
BBCSummar yofWorl
dBroadcast
s.29August
1991."Et
hiopi
aEPRDFandOLFAgr eetoEnd
Clashesi
nEast".(
NEXIS)
BBCSummar yofWor l
dBroadcasts.31July
1991."Et
hiopiaTami r
atLayneElectedPrime
Mini
ster;
Pr esident
ial
PowersRat i
fied"
.(NEXI
S)
BBCSummar yofWor
ldBroadcast
s.12July
1991."Et
hiopi
a20Report
edKill
edinEthni
c
Clashesi
nDi r
eDawa"
.(NEXIS)
LeDevoi
r[Mont
réal
].24Jul
y1991."
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pr
ési
dent"
.
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y1991."L'
éry
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éesedéclar
e
i
ndépendanteetchassedesmil
li
ersdeci
vil
s
ét
hiopi
ens".
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s].28Oct
ober
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éthi
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y
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éthi
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ch
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éthi
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éthi
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i
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mat
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y1991.
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éthi
opi
e".
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].23May1990."éthi
opi
e:
l
epr ésidentMengistufai
texécut
erdouze
générauxr ebel
l
es" .
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hiopi
anHuman
Ri
ght sGroupCal
l f
orTr
ialof1376
Detainees"
.(
NEXIS)
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xty-
OneDiei
n
ClashesinEt
hiopi
anTown, Resi
dentSay
s".
(NEXIS)
Reuter
.10Nov ember1991."
Ethi
opi
an
Demonstrator
sCallf
orTri
alofDeposed
Dict
ator
".(NEXIS)
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ember1990."
Ethiopi
a
Releases120Eri
tr
eanPri
sonners,Radi
oSay
s".
(NEXIS)
TheTorontoStar
.24Sept
ember1991."
550
000Ethi
opianTroopsDi
edinWar,
Offi
cial
s
Says"
.(NEXIS)
XinhuaGeneralOv
erseasNewsServ
ice.4
January1993."
SevenKil
ledi
nDi
sturbancei
n
AddisAbeba".
XinhuaGeneral
Ov er
seasNewsSer
vice.8
September1990."Et
hiopi
aPar
dons500
Prisoner
s".(
NEXIS)
Copyrightnoti
ce: Thisdocumenti spubli
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ht hepermissi onofthecopy ri
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ionandRef ugeeBoar d
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ginalversi
onoft hi
s
documentmaybef oundont heoffi
calwebsit
e
oftheI RBathttp://
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rb-cisr
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ca/en/.
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onl
yonRef world.