CHPTR Vii

Rizal Technological University
College of Engineering and Architecture

Department of Architecture
CHAPTER VII
MICRO SITE ANALYSIS
This chapter presents and discusses the micro site analysis intended for the
Waste Recycling Complex and Urban Park in Cavite. It surveys and studies the
existing environment and how it will influence the building design, structure, and
layout of the site. It plays a vital role on site planning and design to grasp all the
features of the site.
SITE INVENTORY
This identified the existing character and analyzed the existing conditions
of the site to identify opportunities and constraints for the proposed adjustments
and site program.
Lot Area. The selected site has a lot no. of 1665 and further divided into
five portions. TCT No. 057-2021019731/Lot No. 1665-A has an area of 6,110 sqm,
TCT No. 057-2021019732/Lot No. 1665-B has an area of 10,772 sqm, TCT No.
057-2021019733/Lot No. 1665-C has an area of 4,715 sqm, TCT No. 057-
2021019734/Lot No. 1665-D has an area of 4,502 sqm, and TCT No. 057-
2021019735/Lot No. 1665-E has an area of 10,965 sqm. In total, the proposed site
has a lot area 37,229 sqm or 3.72 ha.
Lot Type. The site is bounded by only one road on its western side
namely; M. Salud Road, thus it is an inside or regular lot.
Zoning. The lot is situated at a General Residential Zone according to the
city’s zoning map.

Current Use. The land currently was used as an agricultural area,
however, the owner had requested the lot to be converted to industrial land.
Owner. The five portions of the lot were owned by multiple entities. Lot
No. 1665-A PSD-04-258746 and Lot No. 1665-B PSD-04-258746 were owned by
Hong Yun Real Estate Group Inc., Lot No. 1665-C PSD-04-258746 was owned by
Holyswan Inc., Lot No. 1665-D PSD-04-258746 was owned by Phil. Yading Real
Estate Corporation, and Lot No. 1665-E PSD-04-258746 was owned by
Zamboanga Unirich Realty Corporation.
Total Market Value. Lot No. 1665-A PSD-04-258746 has a market value
of 274,950.00, Lot No. 1665-B PSD-04-258746 was valued at 484,740.00, Lot No.
1665-C PSD-04-258746 was valued at 212,175.00, Lot No. 1665-D PSD-04-
258746 was valued at 202,590.00, and Lot No. 1665-E PSD-04-258746 was
valued at 493,425.00.
Total Assessed Value. Lot No. 1665-A PSD-04-258746 has an assessed
value of 109,980.00, Lot No. 1665-B PSD-04-258746 was valued at 193,900.00,
Lot No. 1665-C PSD-04-258746 was valued at 84,870.00, Lot No. 1665-D PSD-
04-258746 was valued at 81,040.00, and Lot No. 1665-E PSD-04-258746 was
valued at 197,370.00.
LOCATION AND BOUNDARIES
A parcel of land Lot 1665-A, being a portion of Lot 1665, Imus Estate (RS-
04-0011982) situated in Barangay Alapan 2nd, City of Imus, Province of Cavite,
Island of Luzon. Bounded by Lot 1665-B, PSD-04-258746 on the SE., points 1-2,
Barrio Road on the W., points 2-3, by Lot 1665-K, PSD-04-258746 on the NW.,
SW., points 3-4-5-6-7, by Barrio Road on the W., SW., points 7-8-9, by Lot 1665-
L, PSD-04-258746 on the SW., points 9-10, by Lot 1661, on the NW., points 10-11,
by Lot 1660 on the NW., points 11-12, by Irrigation Ditch on the NE., points 12-13-
1. Beginning at a point marked “1” on plan, being N.78 deg. 49’ W., 132.44m from
Mon. No. 125, Imus Estate, hence S 55 deg. 44’ W., 127.76m. to point 2; S 55 deg.
44’ W., 127.76m. to point 2; N 1 deg. 36' E., 3.78m. to point 3; N 9 deg. 11' E.,
1.31m. to point 4; N 4 deg. 48' E., 7.7m. to point 5; N 3 deg. 1' W., 5.93m. to point
6; N 6 deg. 55' W., 0.83m. to point 7; N 1 deg. 36' E., 13.47m. to point 8; N 17 deg.
2' W., 29.57m. to point 9; N 13 deg. 54' W., 8.55m. to point 10; N 63 deg. 53' E.,
38.22m. to point 11; N 66 deg. 43' E., 60.26m. to point 12; S 32 deg. 34' E.,
30.75m. to point 13; S 36 deg. 37' E., 15.38m. to point 1.
A parcel of land Lot 1665-B PSD-04-258746, being a portion of Lot 1665,
Imus Estate (RS-04-0011982) situated in Barangay Alapan 2nd, City of Imus,
Province of Cavite, Island of Luzon. Bounded by Irrigation Ditch on the NE., points
1-2-3, by Lot 1665-C, PSD-04-258746 on the SE., points 3-4, by Lot 1665-I, PSD-
04-258746 on the SW., points 4-5-6, by Barrio Road on the SW., SW., points 6-7,
by Lot 1665-J, PSD-04-258746 on the SW., points 7-8-9-10-11-12, by Barrio Road,
on the W., points 12-13-14, by Lot 1665-A PSD-04-258746 on the NW., points 14-
1. Beginning at a point marked “1” on plan, being N.78 deg. 49’ W., 132.44m from
Mon. No. 125, Imus Estate, hence S 36 deg. 37' E., 30.22m. to point 2; S 34 deg.
35' E., 40.8m. to point 3; S 55 deg. 44' W., 159.25m. to point 4; N 56 deg. 3' W.,
1.32m. to point 5; N 51 deg. 31' W., 3.61m. to point 6; N 40 deg. 53' W., 9.94m. to
point 7; N 34 deg. 6' W., 0.43m. to point 8; N 36 deg. 54' W., 4.62m. to point 9; N
31 deg. 6' W., 4.92m. to point 10; N 26 deg. 24' W., 5.41m. to point 11; N 21 deg.
39' W., 1.99m. to point 12; N 5 deg. 16' E., 40.24m. to point 13; N 1 deg. 36' E.,
10.06m. to point 14; N 55 deg. 44' E., 127.76m. to point 1.
A parcel of land Lot 1665-C PSD-04-258746, being a portion of Lot 1665,
Province of Cavite, Island of Luzon. Bounded by Lot 1665-D, PSD-04-258746 on
the SE., points 1-2, by Lot 1665-I, PSD-04-258746 on the SW., points 2-3-4-5, by
Lot 1665-B, PSD-04-258746 on the NW., points 5-6, by Irrigation Ditch on the NE.,
points 6-1. Beginning at a point marked “1” on plan, being S 51 deg. 7' W., 91.57m.
from Mon. No. 125, Imus Estate, hence S 55 deg. 45' W., 148.31m. to point 2; N
44 deg. 54' W., 4m. to point 3; N 53 deg. 44' W., 13.2m. to point 4; N 56 deg. 49'
W., 15.57m. to point 5; N 55 deg. 44' E., 159.25m. to point 6; S 34 deg. 35' E.,
30.76m. to point 1.
A parcel of land Lot 1665-D PSD-04-258746, being a portion of Lot 1665,
Province of Cavite, Island of Luzon. Bounded by Irrigation Ditch on the NE., points
1-2, by Lot 1665-E, PSD-04-258746 on the SE., points 2-3, by Barrio Road on the
SW., points 3-4-5, by Lot 1665-I, PSD-04-258746 on the SW., points 5-6-7-8-9-10,
by Lot 1665-C, PSD-04-258746 on the NW., points 10-1. Beginning at a point
marked “1” on plan, being S 51 deg. 7' W., 91.57m. from Mon. No. 125, Imus
Estate, hence S 34 deg. 35' E., 30.75m. to point 2; S 55 deg. 45' W., 142.98m. to
point 3; N 48 deg. 13' W., 6.16m. to point 4; N 51 deg. 31' W., 11.12m. to point 5;
N 35 deg. 25' W., 2.57m. to point 6; N 37 deg. 16' W., 5.24m. to point 7; N 34 deg.
4' W., 3.02m. to point 8; N 39 deg. 58' W., 2.4m. to point 9; N 44 deg. 30' W.,
0.95m. to point 10; N 55 deg. 45' E., 148.31m. to point 1.
A parcel of land Lot 1665-E PSD-04-258746, being a portion of Lot 1665,
Province of Cavite, Island of Luzon. Bounded by Lot 1665-F, PSD-04-258746 on
the SE., points 1-2, by Barrio Road on the SW., points 2-3-4, 11-12-13, by Lot
1665-G, PSD-04-258746 on the SW., points 4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11, by Lot 1665-H,
PSD-04-258746 on the SW., points 13-14-15-16, by Barrio Road, PSD-04-258746
on the SW., points 16-17, by Lot 1665-D, PSD-04-258746 on the NW., points 17-
18, by Irrigation Ditch on the NE., points 18-19-1. Beginning at a point marked “1”
on plan, being S 2 deg. 27' E., 153.32m. from Mon. No. 125, Imus Estate, hence S
49 deg. 4' W., 82.81m. to point 2; N 67 deg. 19' W., 22.18m. to point 3; N 65 deg.
31' W., 20.82m. to point 4; N 53 deg. 20' W., 2.14m. to point 5; N 55 deg. 43' W.,
2.46m. to point 6; N 59 deg. 28' W., 4.82m. to point 7; N 65 deg. 49' W., 4.61m. to
point 8; N 71 deg. 2' W., 1.4m. to point 9; N 76 deg. 0' W., 4.05m. to point 10; N 81
deg. 3' W., 1.8m. to point 11; N 65 deg. 31' W., 8.82m. to point 12; N 81 deg. 18'
W., 33.51m. to point 13; N 66 deg. 35' W., 6.76m. to point 14; N 60 deg. 39' W.,
6.57m. to point 15; N 53 deg. 20' W., 2.21m. to point 16; N 48 deg. 13' W., 3.46m.
to point 17; N 55 deg. 45' E., 142.98m. to point 18; S 34 deg. 35' E., 6.76m. to
point 19; S 41 deg. 6' E., 86.01m. to point 1.

EXACT SIZE AND SHAPE
Figure 7.1. Lot Boundaries of Lot No. 1665-A

Figure 7.2. Lot Boundaries of Lot No. 1665-B
Figure 7.3. Lot Boundaries of Lot No. 1665-C

Figure 7.4. Lot Boundaries of Lot No. 1665-D
Figure 7.5. Lot Boundaries of Lot No. 1665-E

Figure 7.6 Combined Lot Boundaries

CLIMATE ANALYSIS
Temperature
The hot season lasts for 1.5 months, from April 7 to May 23, with an average
daily high temperature above 91°F. The hottest month of the year in Imus is May,
with an average high of 92°F and low of 81°F. The cool season lasts for 2.6
months, from November 26 to February 12, with an average daily high temperature
below 86°F. The coldest month of the year in Imus is January, with an average low
of 75°F and high of 85°F.

Figure 7.7. Monthly Average Temperature in Imus, Cavite
Rainfall and Intensity
Rain falls throughout the year in Imus. The month with the most rain in
Imus is August, with an average rainfall of 13.6 inches. The month with the least
rain in Imus is March, with an average rainfall of 1.2 inches.
Figure 7.8. Monthly Average Rainfall in Imus, Cavite
Humidity
The perceived humidity level in Imus, as measured by the percentage of
time in which the humidity comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable, does
not vary significantly over the course of the year, staying within 1% of 99%
throughout.
Figure 7.9. Humidity Comfort Levels in Imus, Cavite
Solar Angle
Figure 7.10. Solar Elevation and Azimuth in Imus, Cavite
Cloudiness
The clearer part of the year in Imus begins around November 22 and lasts
for 5.1 months, ending around April 25. The clearest month of the year in Imus is
February, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy
52% of the time. The cloudier part of the year begins around April 25 and lasts for
6.9 months, ending around November 22. The cloudiest month of the year in Imus
is August, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 93% of the
time.
Figure 7.11. Cloud Cover Categories in Imus, Cavite
Wind Speed
The average hourly wind speed in Imus experiences significant seasonal
variation over the course of the year. The windier part of the year lasts for 4.9
months, from October 31 to March 28, with average wind speeds of more than 8.5
miles per hour. The windiest month of the year in Imus is December, with an
average hourly wind speed of 10.5 miles per hour. The calmer time of year lasts for
7.1 months, from March 28 to October 31. The calmest month of the year in Imus
is May, with an average hourly wind speed of 6.4 miles per hour.
Figure 7.12. Average Wind Speed in Imus

Wind Direction
The predominant average hourly wind direction in Imus varies throughout
the year. The wind is most often from the west for 4.2 months, from May 24 to
September 29, with a peak percentage of 63% on August 20. The wind is most
often from the east for 7.8 months, from September 29 to May 24, with a peak
percentage of 92% on January
Figure 7.13. Wind Direction in Imus, Cavite
WIND AND SOLAR ANALYSIS
Solar Analysis
The solar analysis analyzes how much of the sun’s energy hits the site
and the buildings. The relative position of the sun is a major factor in the heat gain
of buildings. In average, the sun rises at 5:28 am and sets at 6:27 pm during the
summer solstice, while it rises at 6:16 am and sets at 5:33 pm during the winter
solstice.
Figure 7.14. Sun Path of the Proposed Site
Wind Analysis
The northeast monsoon or amihan winds comes from the northeast and
features a generally less strong, northeast breeze that is cool and dry with
prolonged periods of successive cloudless days, meanwhile southwest monsoon
or habagat winds comes from the southwest and characterized by a strong,
generally southwest breeze that is responsible for bringing significant rainfall.
Figure 7.15. Wind Path of the Proposed Site

TRAFFIC FLOW ANALYSIS
Due to its location, the City of Imus serves as a major passageway for
trips going thru and from Metro Manila, Cavite, and other nearby provinces.
However, due to limited route options, vehicles only traverse major trunk lines
within the city. Vehicle volume generated from this situation adds to the in-city
vehicle volume that funnels towards these major thoroughfares. The location of
heavy trip generator establishments (commercial and industrial estates) along
these major roads further excarbates the traffic condition in these areas.
Table 7.1. Traffic Management Clusters in Imus, Cavite

Table 7.2. Estimated Trip Generation per Cluster in Imus, Cavite
Figure 7.16. Traffic Management Cluster Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.17. Projected Peak Hour Trips (per hour) Map of Imus, Cavite
Table 7.3. Traffic Flow Condition (Peak Hours) in Imus, Cavite
Table 7.4. Location of Traffic Congested Areas in Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.18. Traffic Flow Condition Map of Imus, Cavite

CIRCULATION ANALYSIS
Roads
The road network is a vital factor in ensuring that development is
sustained since all movements within Imus City rely on land-based transportation.
As of 2016, the city has a total road length of approximately 380.31 km., which is
classified into three categories namely: national, provincial, and city/barangay
roads. National/expressways have a total length of 16.31 km., provincial roads
have 60.07 km., city/barangay roads have 303.53 km., and bridges have 0.40 km.
Table 7.5. Inventory of Roads by System Classification
Pedestrian
One major factor in considering the viability of walking within the city is
ensuring a continuous pedestrian network. However, it can be observed that there
is a limited infrastructure for walking. Pedestrian lanes are not fully optimized due
to the tendency of people to avoid pathways obstructions caused by unmonitored
vehicular movements. There is also an absence of walkways leading to public
transport access areas due to the absence of transport terminals.
Observations also show the need for improvement of facilities to ensure
pedestrian safety. Pedestrian lanes are usually obstructed by PUVs, and
alternative safe pathways such as overpasses are limited and/or lacking.

Furthermore, sidewalks within the city are missing. This could be attributed to
sidewalks being utilized as boarding and alighting areas, or personal parking
spaces, and/or non compliance of establishments/resident owners to setback and
easement standards.
Figure 7.19. External Access to the Proposed Site
PROXIMITY ANALYSIS
Table 7.6.The 5-Kilometer Radius Analysis
Distance (km) Hospitals

3.16 km Noveleta MedCare Center
2.68 km San Pedro Calungsod Medical Center
4.02 km Kaiser Medical Center-EPZA Cavite
4.62 km Paredes Medical Center and Hospital
2.54 km Ospital ng Imus

4.44 km City of Imus Doctors Hospital
4.58 km King Solomon Hospital and Medical Center
3.79 km City of General Trias Medicare Hospital
4.89 km South Imus Specialist Hospital
Distance (km) Government Office

4.66 km City Government of Imus Satellite Office
4.96 km Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office
4.87 km Imus Municipal Hall
2.74 km General Trias City Hall
2.63 km New Imus City Hall Complex
3.26 km Noveleta Municipal Hall
3.12 km Kawit Municipal Hall
3.14 km Municipal Government of Noveleta
Distance (km) Industrial

3.42 km The Goodstuff Manufacturing Corporation
4.78 km EDS Manufacturing Inc.
4.87 km CandyLine Food Manufacturing
Corporation
2.88 km Ingo Manufacturing
2.82 km KAPCO Manufacturing Inc.
3.48 km Cavite Manufacturing Company Inc.
Distance (km) Schools

1.01 km St. Edward Integrated School
2.81 km Southwoods School of Cavite
3.60 km Malasag I Elementary School
4.49 km Holy Spirit School of Imus
4.27 km Gen. Tomas Mascardo National High
School
4.61 km Malagasang II Elementary School
3.56 km Cavite State University- General Trias
City Campus
2.97 km Colegio De San Francisco
Distance (km) Residentials

0.86 km Monte Royale Subdivision
1.86 km Felomena Subdivision
3.01 km Summerpine Subdivision

3.13 km Laterazza Subdivision
3.25 km Woodlane Subdivision
3.26 km Grand Riverside Subdivision
3.81 km Camachile Subdivision
Distance (km) Commercial Establishments

2.58 km Vistal Mall Kawit
0.60 km The Square 1
0.73 km The Avenue
0.99 km Daiso Japan
2.80 km SM Center Imus
2.91 km Kinghome Shopping Mall
0.74 km The Hideout Food & Grill
0.69 km Chef Roberto’s Comedor
0.80 km Giligan’s Restaurant
1.58 km Rolando’s Slab n Rub
0.77 km Mcdonald’s Lancaster
Distance (km) Tourist Attractions

0.17 km Kuya Rene Farm
0.67 km Square Park Relax Area
3.16 km General Trias City Park
3.58 km Julian Dam
0.56 km Central Greens
Distance (km) Utilities

0.71 km Southlink Water Works Satellite Office
3.73 km Maynilad Water Patindig Araw Booster
Pump Station
3.54 km National Power Corporation
2.34 km CHEMIVI Electrical and Industrial Supply
Corp.
4.44 km HOPE Plastic Waste Collection- SM
Rosario
0.82 km Waterflo Water Treatment and Supply
Services
SENSORY ANALYSIS
Figure 7.20. Tactile Analysis on Site
Figure 7.21. Visual Analysis on Site

Figure 7.22. Auditory Analysis on Site
Figure 7.23. Olfactory Analysis on Site

THE LAND USE AND ZONING REQUIREMENTS
This section provides a discussion of the City’s land use classification
system as well as the use and development regulations that will apply to all lot
parcels. These are anchored on land use policies that seek to realize, in a land use
and development context, the City’s vision and development thrusts along with
sectoral goals and objectives. The Land Use Plan shall be implemented through
the Zoning Ordinance which is further provided with a set of Implementing
Guidelines for the use of evaluators, particularly the Zoning Administrator and the
Local Zoning Board of Adjustment and Appeals during the exercise of their land
use regulatory functions.
The Land Use Plan, Zoning Ordinance and Implementing Guidelines shall
also serve as valuable references to project proponents as these provide the
direction, legislation and methodology for evaluation for all land development
initiatives in the city.
Zone Classification
The city has thirteen (13) zone classification according to the approved
zoning ordinance under Article IV Section 5 which officially reflected in official Land
Use Map. This zoning ordinance wass enacted pursuant to the provisions of the
New Local Government Code, RA 7160 Sections 458 a.2 (7-9) and 447 a.2 (7-9)
dated 10 October 1991, and the division of zone is listed below.
1. General Residential Zone (GRZ)
2. Socialized Housing Zone (SHZ)
3. General Commercial Zone (GCZ)

4. Light Industrial Zone (I-1)
5. Medium Industrial Zone (I-2)
6. General Institutional Zone (GIZ)
7. Agricultural Zone (AGZ)
8. Parks and Recreational Zone (PRZ)
9. Cemetery/Memorial Park Zone (C/MPZ)
10. Water Zone (WZ)
11. Utilities, Transportation and Services Zone (UTSZ)
12. Roads and Pathways Zone (RPZ)
13. Planned Unit Development (PUD)
Figure 7.24. Zoning Map of Imus, Cavite

Proposed Land Use Classification
1. Residential
2. Agricultural
3. Commercial
4. Institutional
5. Industrial
6. Industrial Buffer
7. Roads
8. Rivers and Waterways
9. Parks and Recreational
10. Linear Parks
11. Idle Lands
12. Cemetery
13. Infrastructure and Utilities
14. Dumpsite
15. Informal Settlement
16. Socialized Housing
17. MRF
18. PUD
Figure 7.26. The Proposed Land Use Map of Imus, Cavite

THE SWOT OF THE SITE
Table 7.7. The SWOT of the Site
STRENGT WEAKNES OPPORTUNITIE

CRITERIA THREATS
H S S
If
A higher population
population continue
means to rise
higher Future rapidly,
plastic developments for the project
waste. the project can may not
Populatio
be done due to be able to
n
the projected accommo
increase in date this
population. increase
and may
have
shorter life
span.
The small
road width
may affect
the project’s
The right
The operation. Road
of way for
longest developments
Roads the site
side of the and renovation
and sits beside
lot parallels can increase the
Sidewalks a river and
to the right operation’s
is prone to
of way. efficiency.
flooding.
Lack of
sidewalks
may result
on fewer
visitors
Almost all
the cities
and
municipaliti
es have an
operational
CMRF/ecol
ogical The city of
center. Bacoor
doesn’t
Similar plastic
Waste The city have a
recycling
Managem has an CMRF and
projects were
ent approved some
developed in the
System Solid barangays
province
Waste in Imus
Manageme don’t have
nt Plan MRF.
(2015-
2024) and
various
waste
manageme
nt
programs.
The
Cavite proposed
supports dumpsite
The city of
solid waste on
Imus has
Governme manageme Dasmariñ
only one
nt Support nt projects as have
controlled
since it is shown
dumpsite.
included in NIMBYism
its IPA. from the
public.
SITE EVALUATION
Geography/Topography
The proposed site was located at northwestern Imus, and it is covered by
alluvial deposits of sand, silt, and clay, or loose and eroded materials, usually from
rivers, that have been set down or cemented into a lithological unit. Such materials
are usually located at the lower part of a river’s course, forming floodplains and
deltas.
Imus has soil that belongs to Guadalupe Soil Series (GSS). It is usually
situated in lowlands with slopes that are level to nearly level. This type of soil is
utilized mostly for lowland rice, corn, and root crops. The proposed site belong to
Guadalupe Clay soil classification. It covers the northern and central portion of
Imus. Clay souls have the smallest particles, allowing for an increase specific
surface area. Because of these, clay soils can hold a high amount of water and
can drain slowly causing longer durations in warming up and drying out.
The proposed site is relatively flat and approximately 14-16 m above sea
level.
Figure 7.27. Topographic Map of the Proposed Site

Suitability.
The proposed site is not suitable for the proposed use in terms of city
zoning and land use. The site is situated in an agricultural zone and has existing
land use of agricultural. However, the city planning of Imus provided this site since
they categorized my project as industrial and the owner had requested the land to
be converted into industrial land.
Accessibility.
Since the city of Imus is landlocked, the site can be accessed through
buses, jeepneys, and/or tricycles. For instance, from EDSA Carousel Busway, they
need to get on One Ayala Terminal and get off PITX Terminal. From PITX
Terminal, they need to get on PITX-Trece Martirez route and get off Puregold
Kawit. From Puregold Kawit, they need to get on Kawit-Molino jeepney and get off
Lancaster Filcab Station. From this, they may walk towards service road and to the
proposed site.
Future Road Networks/Street Routings
In the current situation of Imus City, additional road construction and
renovation is recommended accompanied by sound traffic management to
facilitate efficient movement of people, goods, and services within the area. The
following road construction are expected to be constructed or renovated, namely;
roads and bridges at Tanzangluma IV and V, bridge at La Joya Buhay na Tubig,
and bridges and roads connecting Bayanluma and Bucandala at Bayanluma IX to
Bucandala I. (City Government of Imus, 2023)

Parking Availability
The continuous development contributed greatly to the increase in vehicle
volume in Imus City. However, parking spaces within the city are either lacking, or
inaccessible. Parking spaces are mostly located in commercial establishments,
although only commercial malls have allocated significant land areas for parking.
Yet, in instances such as holidays, and peak visitor days, these spaces are not
enough to accommodate the number of visitors in such establishments, in return,
vehicle owners park at nearby available space. Most of the time, they utilized the
right of way and sidewalks as parking spaces.
Traffic Counts
The site was under cluster 13 on Imus traffic management cluster. Cluster
13 generates 220,860 daily trips, 20,507 daily trips per 1000 sq. m and 24,295
peak hours trips. In modal split estimates, cluster 13 generates 3,664 walking trips
and 20,650 in other modes. In vehicle equivalents per hour, cluster 13 generates
10,325 car trips, 6,883 tricycle trips, 1,147 jeepney/uv trips, and 413 bus trips.
Land Costs and Taxes
The total market value of the five portions of Lot 1665 was 1,667,880,
while the total assessed value was 667,160. However, the assessed value were
computed while it was still an agricultural land, since the land use were converted
into industrial use, the total assessed value were 50% of the total market value or
approximately 833,940.
Real estate tax or real property tax was an annual tax that all property
owners need to pay. The RPT rate for provinces outside the metro was 1% of the
total assessed value. The total RPT for the land was 8,339.4.
SITE MAPS
Figure 7.28. Location Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.29. Barangay Boundary Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.30. Geology Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.31. Active Fault Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.32. Flood Hazard Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.33. Landslide Hazard Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.34. Ground Shaking Hazard Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.35. Liquefaction Hazard Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.36. Slope Classification Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.37. General Soil Classification Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.38. The Groundwater Availability Map in Cavite

Figure 7.39. Natural Waterways Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.40. Land Cover Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.41. General Land Use Map 2017 of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.42. Road Network Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.43. Zoning Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.44. Circulation Network-Structure Plan Map of Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.45. Development Area Sieve Overlay Map of Imus, Cavite

TECHNICAL STUDY
Manufacturing/Production Analysis
Table 7.8. HDPE/LDPE/PP Recycling Line Equipment
HDPE/LDPE/PP RECYCLING LINE FLOW

PICTURE EQUIPMENT FUNCTIONS
To feed the
INPUT BELT
shredder with a
CONVEYOR
conveyor
SHREDDER
L-TYPE BELT
CONVEYOR
To autocratically
MAGENETIC remove ferrous
SEPARATION metal in the stream
BELT by permanent
magnet
PRE-WASHER
To crush plastic
CRUSHER materials with
water flushing
FRICTION To remove most of

WASHER the contaminates
To separate
FLOATING contaminants or
WASHER other plastic types
with gravity
To dry plastic
flakes and reduce
DRYING SYSTEM
moisture to less
than 1%
To guarantee non-
stop work and
STORAGE SILO stable feeding for
downstream
extrusion
To electrically
ELECTRICAL
control the entire
CABINET
system
HDPE/PP RECYCLING LINE DEVICE PARAMETERS

EQUIPMENT
CAPACITY MOTOR POWER
FOOTPRINT
1000 KG/H 150 KW 150 m2
2000 KG/H 190 KW 260 m2
3000 KG/H 250 KW 380 m2
4000 KG/H 400 KW 450 m2
LDPE/PP RECYCLING LINE DEVICE PARAMETERS
EQUIPMENT
FOOTPRINT
500 KG/H 150 KW 120 m2
1000 KG/H 190 KW 260 m2
2000 KG/H 290 KW 380 m2
TYPICAL PP/PE RECYCLING LINE PLANS
Figure 7.46. Side View of PP/PE Recycling Line
Figure 7.47. Top View of PP/PE Recycling Line
Table 7.9. PET Recycling Line Equipment
PET RECYCLING LINE FLOW

To conveniently
CHAIN PLATE
transport plastic
CONVEYOR
waste bottles
To break up
DE-BALER compacted waste
plastic bottles
To convey raw
BELT CONVEYOR materials into the
next process
To remove stone,
TROMMEL dust, loosen caps,
and small metal
To remove iron,
chromium,
FERROUS
manganese, and
REMOVER
other ferrous from
the stream
To remove above
90% labels for
LABEL REMOVER
both common and
compressed bottle
To wash bottle,
remove small size
impurity and
PRE-WASHER
decrease the
working pressure
for downstream
To screen
materials and
remove impurities
SCREW LOADER by falling from the
gap to the impurity
receiving port
below
To remove loose
impurities, labels,
DISK SEPARATOR caps, etc. through
the bouncing
screen
To sort bottles
BOTTLE SORTING according to
MACHINE factors such as
colors
To divide materials
MANUAL into double
SORTING stations through
manual sorting
To divide large-
size raw materials
into relatively
CRUSHER uniform small-size
raw
materials/flakes
through crushing
To convey PET
SCREW LOADER
flakes
To wash flakes
and remove
SEPARATION
floating materials
FLOATING TANK
such as PP, PE,
and caustic soda
To remove
LABEL impurities such as
SEPARATOR residual PET bottle
labels
To wash flakes for

HOT WASHER easier removal oil,
glue, etc.
HIGH SPEED
To remove glue
FRICTION
and dirt
WASHER
To dry flakes and

CENTRIFUGAL
reduce its moisture
DRIVER
to 2%
To hot air-dry
flakes and further
PIPELINE DRIVER reduce the
moisture to less
than 1%
To dry washed
VIBRATION PET bottle flakes
DRIVER through a vibrating
sieve
INTELLIGENT To electrically
CONTROL control the entire
SYSTEM system
PET RECYCLING LINE DEVICE PARAMETERS

EQUIPMENT
FOOTPRINT
1000 KG/H 220 KW 250 m2
2000 KG/H 260 KW 350 m2
3000 KG/H 380 KW 500 m2
4000 KG/H 500 KW 700 m2
TYPICAL PET BOTTLE RECYCLING LINE PLAN
Figure 7.48. Side View of PET Bottle Recycling Line
Figure 7.49. Top View of PET Bottle Recycling Line

Table 7.10. Recycled Plastic Lumber Manufacturing Equipment
RECYCLED PLASTIC LUMBER MANUFACTURING LINE FLOW

To control the
LINE CONTROL
extrusion line
To meter the flow

of material and
FEEDING
meet the specified
flow rate
To melt the plastic

and delivers a
EXTRUDER
continuous and
pressurized stream
To form materials
MOULDING
into a pre-defined
GROUP
shape
To provide a
COLLECTING platform wherein
TABLE the finished output
is collected
Table 7.11. Recycled Plastic Bricks Manufacturing Equipment
RECYCLED PLASTIC BRICKS MANUFACTURING LINE FLOW

To separate
SAND SIEVING materials such as
MACHINE rocks and sand
into different sizes
To mix crushed
MIXER plastic and sand
materials
To melt the
materials and
EXTRUDER delivers a
continuous and
pressurized stream
To compress or
HYDRAULIC mould materials
PRESS MOULD that uses fluid
pressure
Table 7.12. Recycled Plastic Board Manufacturing Equipment
RECYCLED PLASTIC BOARD MANUFACTURING LINE FLOW

CONICAL TWIN- To test the
SCREW extrusion behavior
EXTRUDER of products
To transform
extruded polymer
SHEET DIE into thin, malleable
masses after
extrusion
To move the
product slowly and
COOLING
smoothly, which
BRACKET
promotes cooling
better
To precisely
CUTTING
control the cutting
MACHINE
length
Table 7.13. Recycled Plastic Tiles Manufacturing Equipment
RECYCLED PLASTIC TILES MANUFACTURING LINE FLOW

To melt the
materials and
EXTRUDER delivers a
continuous and
pressurized stream
To guide the flow

of melted polymer
T-DIE
and create a thin,
planar flow
To smoothen and
compress material
by passing a single
CALENDER continuous sheet
through several
pairs of heated
rolls
To move the
product slowly and
COOLING
smoothly, which
BRACKET
promotes cooling
better
To pull
continuously the
HAUL OFF profiles made in
the extrusion
process
To precisely
CUTTER control the cutting
length
Table 7.14. Plastic Waste Composition per Region
Region 4A WEIGHT (KG)

Waste Generation per day (kg) 1,161,789
Plastic Composition (22%) 255593.58
68% Disposed 173803.6344
LDPE (53%) 92115.92623
HDPE (2%) 3476.072688
PP (17%) 29546.61785
PET (8%) 13904.29075
NCR WEIGHT (KG)

Waste Generation per day (kg) 1,148,128.83
68% Disposed 171760.073
LDPE (65%) 111644.0474
HDPE (5%) 8588.003648
PP (7%) 12023.20511
PET (7%) 12023.20511
Region 3 WEIGHT (KG)

Waste Generation per day (kg) 912,696
68% Disposed 136539.3321
LDPE (53%) 72365.846
HDPE (2%) 2730.786641
PP (17%) 23211.68645
PET (8%) 10923.14657
TOTAL OF 3 REGIONS WEIGHT (KG)

Waste Generation per day (kg) 3,222,614
68% Disposed 482103.0394
LDPE 276125.8197
HDPE 14794.86298
PP 64781.50941
PET 36850.64243
Table 7.15. Plastic Waste Collection in Regions 3, 4A, and NCR
PLASTIC WASTE COLLECTION (REGION 4A, 3, NCR)

20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
LDPE 55225.16393 110450.3279 165675.4918 220900.6557 276125.8197
HDPE+PP 15915.27448 31830.54895 47745.82343 63661.09791 79576.37239
PP 12956.30188 25912.60376 38868.90564 51825.20753 64781.50941
PET 7370.128485 14740.25697 22110.38546 29480.51394 36850.64243
Table 7.16. Plastic Waste Collection in Region 4A
PLASTIC WASTE COLLECTION (REGION 4A) (IN KG)

20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
LDPE 18423.18525 36846.37049 55269.55574 73692.74099 92115.92623
HDPE+PP 6604.538107 13209.07621 19813.61432 26418.15243 33022.69054
PP 5909.32357 11818.64714 17727.97071 23637.29428 29546.61785
PET 2780.85815 5561.716301 8342.574451 11123.4326 13904.29075
Table 7.17. Duration of Recycling Line Process in Regions 3, 4A, NCR
HDPE/PP PLASTIC RECYCLING LINE (NO. OF HOURS)

20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
1000 15.91527448 31.83054895 47.74582343 63.66109791 79.57637239
KG/H
2000 7.957637239 15.91527448 23.87291172 31.83054895 39.78818619
KG/H
3000 5.305091492 10.61018298 15.91527448 21.22036597 26.52545746
KG/H
4000 3.978818619 7.957637239 11.93645586 15.91527448 19.8940931
KG/H
LDPE RECYCLING LINE (NO. OF HOURS)
500 110.4503279 220.9006557 331.3509836 441.8013115 552.2516393

KG/H
1000 55.22516393 110.4503279 165.6754918 220.9006557 276.1258197
KG/H
2000 27.61258197 55.22516393 82.8377459 110.4503279 138.0629098
KG/H
PET BOTTLE RECYCLING LINE (NO. OF HOURS)

1000 7.370128485 14.74025697 22.11038546 29.48051394 36.85064243
KG/H
2000 3.685064243 7.370128485 11.05519273 14.74025697 18.42532121
KG/H
3000 2.456709495 4.91341899 7.370128485 9.82683798 12.28354748
KG/H
4000 1.842532121 3.685064243 5.527596364 7.370128485 9.212660606
KG/H
Table 7.18. Recycled Products Specifications
PLASTIC LUMBER
DIMENSIONS HDPE/PP (in kg)
9x9x300 cm 23.085
3.5x13.5x200 cm 8.9775
5x5x300 cm 7.125
PLASTIC BOARD
DIMENSIONS HDPE/PP (in kg)
1200x1200x10 mm 13.68
1200x1200x16 mm 21.888
1200x1200x22 mm 30.096
PLASTIC TILES
DIMENSIONS PE (in kg)
300x300x20 1.71
600x600x20 6.84
PLASTIC SAND BRICKS
DIMENSIONS PET&SAND (KG)
250X100X130 4.5175
400X200X101.6 11.2979
400X200X127 14.1224
400X200X152.4 16.9469
400X200X203.2 22.5958
Table 7.18. Raw Production Output per Hour
PLASTIC LUMBER PRODUCTION

PER HOUR
LDPE(2000) HDPE/PP PE PP
(4000)
51.03668262 75.95061728 58.91% 38.45%
51.03668262 75.94202899 22.91% 7.86%
51.03668262 75.95330739 18.18% 53.68%
PLASTIC BOARD PRODUCTION PER
HOUR
LDPE(2000) HDPE/PP PE PP
(4000)
36.5497076 77.14814815 20.83% 20.83%
36.5497076 77.15277778 33.33% 33.33%

36.5497076 77.15488215 45.83% 45.83%
PLASTIC TILES PRODUCTION PER
HOUR
LDPE(2000) HDPE (4000) PE PP
233.9181287 493.8271605 20% 20%
233.9181287 493.8271605 80% 80%
PLASTIC BRICKS PRODUCTION PER
HOUR
PET (3000) PLASTIC (40%) PET
107.9439555 1.807 6.50%
107.9439555 4.51916 16.26%
107.9439555 5.64896 20.33%
107.9439555 6.77876 24.39%
107.9439555 9.03832 32.52%
Table 7.19. Final Production Output per Hour
PLASTIC LUMBER PRODUCTION PER HOUR

HDPE (50% OF RECYCLED OUTPUT)
37.97530864
37.97101449
53.01728395
PLASTIC BOARD PRODUCTION PER HOUR
38.57407407
38.57638889
38.57744108
PLASTIC TILES PRODUCTION PER HOUR
LDPE(2000)
233.9181287
233.9181287
PLASTIC BRICKS PRODUCTION PER HOUR
PET (3000)
107.9439555
107.9439555
107.9439555
107.9439555
107.9439555
Table 7.20. Final Production Output per Day
PLASTIC LUMBER PRODUCTION PER 8

HOURS/DAY
303.8024691
303.7681159
424.1382716
PLASTIC BOARD PRODUCTION PER 8
HOURS/DAY
308.5925926
308.6111111
308.6195286
PLASTIC TILES PRODUCTION PER 8 HOURS/DAY
LDPE(2000)
1871.345029
1871.345029
PLASTIC BRICKS PRODUCTION PER 8
HOURS/DAY
PET (3000)
863.551644
863.551644
863.551644
863.551644
863.551644
Market Study
The market study determined the depth and condition of a proposal’s
market and its ability to support a particular development. The key concern of a
market study was the project’s ultimate marketability. Presented were the
companies and entities related to the proposal.
Customer Analysis
Phoenix Construction Supply
Phoenix Construction Supply was a supplier of construction boards. Their
products can be found in hard wares and construction site all over the Philippines.
They offer an expert service, robust, and innovative solutions. They always strived
to improve the way they deliver and their workers put their best effort to make
better service for their customers.
Palmeco Philippines
Palmeco Philippines was a Filipino-owned company with fifteen years of
experience in the construction industry. It hopes to incorporate green building
technology into the Philippine property industry. They also envisions a healthy,
efficient, and sustainable workplace for the Filipino people. One of their recent
breakthrough in green construction technology is the PalmEco board. (Palmeco,
2017)
CPME Industrial Sales Corp.
Founded in 2005, CPME Industrial Sales Corp. was the most trusted
manufacturer of high-quality steel products and boards in the Philippines. They
supply a range of hardware and building materials suitable for a variety of
industries and applications.
GRM Biowood Interiors Corporation Philippines
Green Resources Material (GRM) was a privately owned Australian business.
They were a manufacturer, architectural designer, and distributor for biowood
branded reconstituted wood composite building products. (GRM Biowood, 2022)
Glory Lumber Construction Supplies Inc.
Glory Lumber Construction Supplies Inc. was a pioneer among its peers. It was
established as a provider of choice for numerous developers and contractors in the
Philippines. (Glory Lumber Construction Supply Inc., 2022)
Filtra Timber
Originally from Denmark, their aim was to combine the best from east and west
in their philosophy of trading with attention to detail, and establishing long term
personal relationships with clients as well as global timber producers. It is the
wood division of Philippine & Scandinavian Design, Filtra Inc. (Filtra Timber, 2016)
Metrotiles, Inc.
Founded in March 2002, Metrotiles, Inc. was a license importer, wholesaler, and
retailer of top-of-the-line tiles. Manufactured with cutting edge and patented
technology making it possible to create a random look and textures. (Metrotiles,
Inc., 2021)
Mariwasa Siam Ceramics
Founded in March 1966, they were one of the pioneers in the Philippine ceramic
tile industry. They hold the distinction of being the first to manufacture both wall
and floor tiles in a vast range of colors and sizes. In addition to its ceramic tiles
production, MSC imports sanitary wares and bathroom fixtures.
(Mariwasa Siam Ceramics, 2022)
Eurotiles Industrial Corporation
Registered in June 1989 and started operation in 1992, Eurotiles Industrial
Corporation was a manufacturer of Philippine ceramic tiles. They produce tile
adhesive, tile grout, and ceramic tiles with wide variety of sizes and usage of tiles,
granite, natural stones, etc. Their products were distributed nationwide through
major construction stores in key cities and selected growth areas. (Eurotiles
Industrial Corporation, 2016)
Jackbilt
Born in the post-war reconstruction boom of the late 1940s, they
pioneered high strength load bearing concrete hollow blocks that became the gold
standard for strength and durability They meet the stringent and unforgiving
standards, abiding by the American Concrete Institute (ACI) and ASTM Standards
for concrete products. (Jackbilt, 2020)

Starcrete Manufacturing Corporation
Established in 2010 as part of the growing expansion of Quality-Star
Group of Companies. Their primary goal was providing high quality concrete
hollow blocks, paving blocks, special blocks, and non-skid tiles to the Philippine
market. (Starcrete Manufacturing Corporation , 2021)
Competitor Analysis
Analyzing the competition in the industry was important to have an
overview about them, determine their products or services, and their collection
techniques. Presented below were the major companies in recycled building
materials.
The Plastic Flamingo Philippines Inc.
Created and launched in 2018, The Plastic Flamingo or The Plaf was a
social enterprise based in the Philippines that collects and transforms plastic waste
into a range of sustainable construction materials which can be used to build new
schools, housing, and shelters to help make this country more resilient against
many natural hazards it faces yearly. They accept wide range of plastic types such
as PET, HDPE, PVC, LDPE, PP, PS, and OTHERS. They utilized different drop off
points nationwide such as public and private. Public drop-off points are
establishments who accepts plastic waste in and out of the Metro, while private
collection points are barangays, companies, villages, enterprises, and entities who
are under their collection point partnership. (The Plastic Flamingo, 2018)
Figure 7.50. The Plastic Flamingo Recycled Plastic Products
Green Antz Builders Inc.
Founded in 2012, Green Antz Builders was an innovative provider of
building material solutions that integrate eco-friendly practices and green
technology. It has sold more than 50,000 eco-bricks and 200,000 eco-pavers to
date. They have also established 20 eco-hubs which are social franchises
providing integrated waste collection and materials production. Like the Plastic
Flamingo, they also utilized different collection points on public establishments and
spaces such as malls, commercial centers, and plazas. (United Nations Human
Settlements Programme, 2019)

Figure 7.51. The Green Antz Builders Recycled Products
Envirotech Waste Recycling, Inc.
Envirotech Waste Recycling, Inc. (EWRI) was a recycling company
established in Davao City in 2010 to help address the perennial plastic problem in
the Philippines. Founded by Winchester O. Lemen, the company collects single-
use or soft plastic wastes from local communities and private organizations, then it
will be segregated, shredded, and melted, and converts them into furniture,
construction materials, household essentials, and other products. Unlike the prior
competitors, they collected plastic wastes from landfills, LGUs, businesses, and
individuals around the Philippines. Currently, they have five recycling facilities,
2,500,000 kg of processes waste every year, 90 tons monthly, and 300,000 school
chairs produced. (Envirotech, 2021)

Figure 7.52. Envirotech Waste Recycling, Inc. Recycled Products
Advertising Patterns
Many recycling businesses that convert waste to reusable products have
flourished since the dwindling of raw materials and accumulation of waste
materials. They have the potential to make a good profit if it uses effective
marketing strategies to both procure the necessary waste material and sell the
recycled products. (Max, 2021)
1. Create awareness for Recycling. Creating awareness about the need to
recycle waste can foster a constant source of raw material for Edreverde. Aiming
awareness programs at both residential and commercial establishments that
generate waste. The benefit of such programs were convenience: Encouraging
people to separate materials for recycling that you need means you can collect
them more easily. You can roll out awareness programs in collaboration with local
not-for-profit organizations or municipalities.

2. Offer Waste Disposal Alternatives. Municipalities continually face waste
disposal challenges as landfill space is used up. Edreverde can offer to provide
alternative disposal for such materials and have people deliver the particular waste
materials your business requires to ensure a regular flow. It can further promote
the project by opting to operate a collection and disposal business. This way, it
gain exposure and can select the materials needed while discarding the rest
appropriately.
3. Advertise Your Products. There are several channels that can advertise the
recycled products, depending on the target market. Since majority of the target
market are the construction materials suppliers, they can run promotions through
retail outlets by displaying posters and fliers. They can also promote the recycled
products through conventions and expositions where large number of suppliers
were present.
4. Establish a Web Presence. Establishing a web presence was an effective way
to market Edreverde. Developing a website dedicated to the promotion of recycling
efforts, and providing information on the kind of waste materials they recycle, the
products they generate and how people should deliver their waste materials or
purchase their products. Adding photos helps people understand the kind of
recycling business they operate. Having an email service for the community, a blog
and a fans page on social media are also smart ways to enhance their promotional
activities.
Barriers to the Market
Understand the urgent need to address the growth of the plastics industry
and mismanagement of plastic waste is vital for the Philippines’ development and
transition toward a circular economy. The Philippines had a large recycling
capacity gap of 85% in 2019 and is a net explorer of plastic scrap. Listed below
were several barriers and/or challenges that causes market failure for plastic
recycling:
• High logistics costs limit recyclers from sourcing feedstock across the
archipelago;
• High electricity costs (38-67% higher than regional counterparts)
especially burden recyclers that operate with low-efficiency equipment;
• Intense competition from the informal recycling industry distorts the market
for formal recyclers;
• Significant material value is locked in low-value and hard-to-recycle
flexible packaging, which represents more than half of the plastics packaging used;
• Low landfill tipping fees disincentivize local governments from investing in
waste management solutions;
• The small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that dominate the domestic
recycling market are unable to meet multinational buyers’ requirements;
• Fluctuations in virgin resin and oil prices;
• Lack of local recycled content requirements for key plastic resins;
• Challenging short- and long-term collection economics for the informal
sector;
• Lack of “design for recycling” standards;
• Fragmented implementation of waste management; and
• Lack of organic waste treatment facilities. (World Bank Group, 2021)
Threat of Substitute Products
Products made from recycled materials can be seen as eco-friendly, which
makes them more favorable. That green glow of purported environmental benefits
and the idea of helping the world also make consumers feel positive emotions like
pride. However, perceived functional, contamination, and aesthetic risks may
hinder consumer acceptance. (Delgado, 2022)
• The consumers may wary about the quality and performance compared to
non-recycled alternatives;
• Sanitary and safety concerns also arouse from products made from
recycled materials;
• Aesthetics was also a concern. Purchase delay may occur when a
customer thinks a recycled product won’t be in line with their self-image;
• Consumers perceive environmentally friendly products to be less effective
or inferior to their conventional alternatives; and
• Socio-cultural layer to consumers’ hesitation to embrace recycled
materials also plays a part. Re-using things that other people have used
before has become a culturally devalued practice.

Technological Progress
Over the past few years, plastic recycling has undergone numerous technological
advancements. A few of them are discussed below:
• Chemical Recycling. One of the most exciting advancements in plastic
recycling is the emergence of chemical recycling techniques. Chemical
recycling breaks down plastic at the molecular level, rather than
mechanical recycling, which involves melting and reforming plastic trash.
This process allows the conversion of complex plastics, including multi-
layered packaging and contaminated materials, into their original building
blocks or other valuable chemicals.
• Biodegradable and Compostable Plastics. The development of
biodegradable and compostable plastics is another significant
breakthrough in the realm of plastic recycling. These plastics are designed
to break down naturally over time, reducing their environmental impact.
Biodegradable plastics degrade through the action of microorganisms,
while compostable plastics break down into nutrient-rich compost in
specific composting conditions.
• Advanced Sorting Systems. The development of advanced sorting
systems using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning has
significantly improved the efficiency of plastic recycling processes. AI-
based systems can accurately identify, and sort various types of plastics
based on their chemical composition, color, and shape, streamlining the
recycling process and reducing errors. (Princy, 2023)
Legal Viability
The legal viability of the project was important to consider to ensure that
the project was up to standards, public safety and security, and proposal could be
legally enforced.
National Building Code (PD 1096)
The National Buidling Code of the Philippines or P.D. 1096 provided the
minimum standards for the design, location, siting, construction, use, occupancy,
and maintenance of the proposed project. It shall be used for site programming,
estimating number of parking spaces, building height limit, and minimum building
standards.
Accessibility Law (BP 344)
The proposed project shall be inclusive of differently abled persons. The
design shall feature the minimum standards from B.P. 344 to accommodate their
needs such as ramps, railings, parking spaces, etc.
Fire Code of the Philippines (RA 9514)
The Fire Code of the Philippines or R.A. 9514 shall serves as the basis
that guides building design to maintain public safety and economic development by
preventing and suppressing all types of damaging fires through proper egress
location and dimensions, fire suppression system, and fire prevention
interventions.
Plumbing Code of the Philippines
The Plumbing Code of the Philippines shall ensure the qualified
observance of the latest provision of the plumbing and environmental standards.
The proponent primarily used this law to compute the standard number of water
closets for the project.
THE ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)
The Environmental Impact Assessment was used to assess the significant
effects of a project or development proposal on the environment. It make sure that
project decision makers think about the likely effects on the environment and aim
to avoid, reduce, or offset those effects.
Name of the Proponent: John Raphael R. Cantara
Address of the Proponent: 32 29th Avenue East Rembo, Taguig City
Type of Project: Industrial Project
The Project Setting
The proposed project was located at Barangay Alapan II-A, Imus, Province of
Cavite, Island of Luzon, Philippines.

The Proposal
Edreverde was conceptualized to bridge the public and waste by creating
a venue wherein both can interact safely and securely. It was composed of a
recycling plant, where plastic waste will be collected, sorted, processed and
manufactured into building materials. Education center was also included in the
project where the public can socialize and learn about their role in recycling and
ultimately raise waste awareness. The research center served as the venue for
development and advancement on the project’s collection, sorting, and distribution
efficiency. Finally, the urban park symbolizes the public and adding this in the
project could attract visitors since it featured locally selected recreational activities.
Brief History of Environmental Conditions
Due to its geophysical characteristics and location, the city of Imus was
blessed with abundant supply of surface water resources and groundwater
resources. The city was transected by various rivers and creeks coming from the
upland areas of Cavite towards Manila Bay. There are three major rivers
transecting the city and has their own mini-watershed namely; Imus, Ilang-Ilang,
and Julian Rivers. The city was underlain by high yielding aquifers that can be
used as major water source through the establishment of deep and shallow wells.
The biodiversity of the city was limited to common fauna and flora found in
agricultural and urban ecosystems. There were no known rare and endangered
species within its territory.

The increasing rate of urbanization in Imus was expected to further
contribute to changes and degradation in air and water quality if not properly
monitored and regulated. According to various studies, industrial sites and heavy
vehicular traffic areas were found to have a level of air pollution 2-3 times higher
than acceptable standards. This was because most of the industries and
commercial establishments do not have safeguards against toxic air emission or
even smoke and fumes emitted by their establishments. The water quality of rivers
in Imus showed high levels of BOD, DO, Cl, heavy metals, fecal, and total coliform.
Future Environmental Conditions Without the Project
The future environmental conditions presented the likely scenario in the
project area without the project. This could serve as a basis for determining the
significance or non-significance of the predicted impacts on the quality of the
environment with or without the project.
Locally, the soils which mantle most of the project area will likewise be
subjected to partial or total removal depending which development will take place
since the owner of the portions of the land converted the land use from agricultural
to industrial use. The terrestrial ecology within the project, which basically
corresponds to a degraded agricultural system, will persist but the aerial coverage
will decline over time in response to the continuing land use conversion. With the
continuing land use conversion, population growth was also projected to increase.
Data shows that the projected wastes will balloon to 492,558 metric tons by 2024,
and this will result to more waste management and diversion structures in the area.
Prediction and Assessment of Impacts
The following impacts were predicted on how the project would affect the
physical, biological, and socio-economic environment before, during, and after
construction. Majority of the environmental impacts during the construction phase
were temporary in nature, lasting mainly during construction phase.
Physical Environment
The predicted environmental impacts covers land, air, and water.
Predicted impacts were terrain modification, soil and weathered rock displacement,
slope destabilization at new cuts, degradation of national, provincial, and barangay
roads used for hauling construction materials and movement of heavy equipment,
increased generation of solid wastes, increased levels of gaseous emission and
noise, creation of another venue for waste diversion, and potentially lowering the
impacts of waste pollution in land, air, and water.
Biological Environment
Predicted impacts were loss, disturbance and damage to existing
vegetation, temporary displacement of local species, large use of energy source
due to highly powered equipment, and large use of water for the washing line of
recycling.
Socio-economic Environment
Predicted impacts were loss of land/farm area, properties and crops
dislocation, increase in employment opportunities, increase in livelihood and
business opportunities, potential health, sanitation and safety problems, regional
service, change in land value, and damage of landscape.
Contingency Plans
Industrial plants emergencies and accidents, though not very common,
were very vulnerable to a wide range of risks. There are several types of actual
and potential emergency situation that might necessitate a building evacuation
including fire, explosion, chemical spill, gas leak, flood, earthquake, etc. The
evacuation alarm is primarily intended for initiating a general evacuation during fire
emergencies. During emergencies other than fire, the possibility that occupants
could enter a danger area (e.g., chemical spill in exit path, potential explosion area,
exposure to gunman, etc.) while exiting the building should be considered before
initiating the evacuation alarm. In those instances where a general evacuation is
not safe, the evacuation will have to be conducted room by room in buildings that
do not have a public address system. The following actions are to be taken in case
of an emergency:
General Emergencies
1. The signal to evacuate the building in case of emergency is the building fire
alarm.
2. Location of exits nearest to the classroom/lab. It is the instructor’s
responsibility to point out exit paths to students. Exit routes have been
posted in all classrooms, class labs, and research labs.
3. Certain safety precautions that may be necessary before actually departing,
such as: making experiments/reactions safe, shutting off gas, etc., if it is
safe to do so.
4. Building elevators are not to be used for evacuation.
5. Evacuees are not to congregate in or around the building exits or doorways,
evacuees must be at least 100 feet away from the building. A designated
assembly area shall be determined by the instructor.
6. Persons physically unable to evacuate are to be assisted to a designated
safe refuge area (usually the landing of an enclosed stairway or a sprinkler
protected corridor) if evacuation is necessary from other than a ground level
floor. The assistant shall then evacuate and direct fire fighters to the location
of the safe refuge area in use.
Building Fires
1. Initiate a building evacuation using the nearest alarm pull station.
2. Dial 911 to notify Public Safety and request fire department assistance.
3. If the fire is small and you have been trained in the use of portable fire
extinguishers, you may attempt to extinguish the fire.
4. Use the nearest safe exit route to exit the building. Close all doors on the
way out to prevent the spread of smoke and fire.

5. After exiting, immediately proceed to a safe location at least 100 feet from
the building.
6. Do not re-enter the building until the all-clear is given by Public Safety or the
fire department.
Medical Emergencies
1. Evaluate the immediate area for potential safety hazards (fire, toxic or
explosive gas vapors, etc.) or situations that may require moving the injured
to a safer location. Otherwise move the injured no more than necessary.
2. Dial 911 to notify Public Safety and request first aid assistance or an
ambulance.
3. Provide emergency first aid as needed if you have been trained to do so.
Mitigation Measures
The erosion potential of the newly exposed areas and the loosened
materials generated during the construction stage could be heightened during rainy
season. The program must contain the following measures whose consistent
implementation must be monitored:
• Programming of clearing and excavation works during the drier months
where practicable; schedule must be such as to facilitate the speedy concreting
or backfilling of excavated sections or the installation of the proposed road
structures.
• Construction of appropriate siltation ponds to temporarily detain silted
waters generated by earthmoving/dewatering and the drilling of holes for
bored piles
• Placing of excavated or graded materials on appropriate dumpsites or
spoils area and provided with adequate containment (i.e. barrier nets or
tarpaulins). Effort must be exerted to facilitate the use of the same materials
for backfilling.
• Stockpiles of sand and gravel must be fenced, covered with tarpaulin or so
located to reduce remobilization or erosion of sediments during heavy rains
including their reducing storage time in the work areas.
• Care to be observed in the operation of heavy equipment for transporting,
hauling and moving earth spoils from one area to another so as to avoid spills
into the rivers or nearby waterways.
• Immediate revegetation of the exposed areas, which fall outside of the
proposed road structures, must be undertaken.
• Strict observation of materials balance and proper cut and fill procedures
to avoid or minimize any wastage or removal of excavated materials from the
work areas.
• Restoration or dredging of silted waterways upon completion of
construction activities. This must be conscientiously observed by the
contractor to improve stream drainage and water quality.
• Inclusion of a geotechnical engineer or engineering geologist in the
workforce to monitor all earthmoving activities

Deterioration of River Water Quality
In addition to the measures provided earlier, solid waste and sewage
generated within the work area should be properly managed. It would be best to
locate gravel crushing, screening areas and concrete batching operations as far
away as practicable from waterways to avoid accidental spillage into the
rivers/creeks. Fuel and oil storage areas should also be located well away from
any watercourse. Most importantly, there must be provision for adequate
temporary sanitary facilities in construction campsites with proper drainage and
sewage system to prevent leaching of untreated sewage or wash water into the
groundwater and surface water.
Suspended Particulates and Gaseous Emissions
Regular water sprinkling should be done especially during dry and windy
days to minimize increase in TSP. The speed of vehicles traversing the
construction areas should be regulated to about 20 km/h or less. Proper handling
and storage of spoil materials should also be observed. For gaseous
contaminants, proper maintenance of the engines will lead to proper burning of fuel
which will help lessen gaseous emission.
Passive and active design interventions shall also be undertaken such as green
walls, green roofs, and carbon-capturing technologies.

Increase in Noise Levels
An appropriate speed limit of about 20 km/h should be maintained for
construction related equipment when passing through populated areas. Vehicle
engines and heavy equipment shall be required to install silencers or mufflers and
properly maintain the vehicles to minimize noise emissions. Construction activities
should be scheduled during daytime to minimize impacts to the population nearby.
Implementation of noisy construction activities or noise generating activities must
be scheduled during daytime especially in commercial and residential areas.
Workers directly exposed to noisy equipment must be provided with of ear
mufflers.
The recycling plant which produced the highest level of noise among other
building components within the building shall used treatments and measures to
lessen its impact such as acoustical treatment through materials, proper placement
of the plant within the site, or utilization of basement to reduce the noise
Increase in Solid Waste Generation
• Provision of waste bins in various strategic points within the construction
area for the workers to dispose their wastes. Wastes from these containers will
be collected (dump truck of the contractor) regularly to be disposed at a
designated waste disposal site.
• Re-use and recycling of scrap materials and containers such as bottles,
cans, boxes and plastics as much as practicable or selling them to scrap buyers.
• Conduct of a thorough orientation of workers on proper waste disposal
practices.
• Re-use construction spoils as aggregate or filling materials where
practicable. • Regular hauling of construction debris to the designated disposal
area to prevent their accumulation on-site resulting to negative effects on the
landscape.
• Conduct of equipment/vehicle cleanup and maintenance in only one
designated area located as far away as possible from waterways. Spent and
used oil should be collected and placed in sealed containers and disposed of
properly to prevent draining into waterways or sold to used oil recyclers/buyers.
• Efficient housekeeping practices including the use of covered receptacles
for refuse generated by workers and construction scrap/debris will ensure the
proper handling and disposal of solid wastes.
Biological Environment
To minimize the degradation of the local aquatic ecosystem, the mitigation
measures for the reduction of siltation and contamination from heavy equipment
must be implemented. These measures include among others the observance of
proper materials handling for trucks and vehicles laden with loose materials which
cross waterways, the provision of covers for the said vehicles and slower speed to
minimize the probability of spillage. Waterways should not be used as areas for
washing or cleaning of heavy equipment.

Socio-Economic Environment
• To enable the local residents and businesses to enjoy the generated
opportunities, the project will adopt a policy that the procurement of
construction materials and other supply requirements should, as much as
possible, be done within the municipality or city; or within the province or
region where these municipalities are located.
• The local government units must undertake an assessment of properties
within its jurisdiction to provide local residents, establishments and institutions
an updated appraisal of the value of the land in the area after the construction
period.
• In order to mitigate the damage of landscape, revegetation of the exposed
area or tree planting alonf the roads should be implemented.

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Rizal Technological University

College of Engineering and Architecture

MICRO SITE ANALYSIS

features of the site.

and site program.

has a lot area 37,229 sqm or 3.72 ha.

namely; M. Salud Road, thus it is an inside or regular lot.

Zoning. The lot is situated at a General Residential Zone according to the

city’s zoning map.

Current Use. The land currently was used as an agricultural area,

Estate Corporation, and Lot No. 1665-E PSD-04-258746 was owned by

Zamboanga Unirich Realty Corporation.

1665-C PSD-04-258746 was valued at 212,175.00, Lot No. 1665-D PSD-04-

Total Assessed Value. Lot No. 1665-A PSD-04-258746 has an assessed

value of 109,980.00, Lot No. 1665-B PSD-04-258746 was valued at 193,900.00,

LOCATION AND BOUNDARIES

04-0011982) situated in Barangay Alapan 2nd, City of Imus, Province of Cavite,

30.75m. to point 13; S 36 deg. 37' E., 15.38m. to point 1.

A parcel of land Lot 1665-B PSD-04-258746, being a portion of Lot 1665,

Imus Estate (RS-04-0011982) situated in Barangay Alapan 2nd, City of Imus,

by Lot 1665-J, PSD-04-258746 on the SW., points 7-8-9-10-11-12, by Barrio Road,

10.06m. to point 14; N 55 deg. 44' E., 127.76m. to point 1.

A parcel of land Lot 1665-C PSD-04-258746, being a portion of Lot 1665,

Imus Estate (RS-04-0011982) situated in Barangay Alapan 2nd, City of Imus,

Province of Cavite, Island of Luzon. Bounded by Lot 1665-D, PSD-04-258746 on

A parcel of land Lot 1665-D PSD-04-258746, being a portion of Lot 1665,

Imus Estate (RS-04-0011982) situated in Barangay Alapan 2nd, City of Imus,

by Lot 1665-C, PSD-04-258746 on the NW., points 10-1. Beginning at a point

0.95m. to point 10; N 55 deg. 45' E., 148.31m. to point 1.

A parcel of land Lot 1665-E PSD-04-258746, being a portion of Lot 1665,

Imus Estate (RS-04-0011982) situated in Barangay Alapan 2nd, City of Imus,

Province of Cavite, Island of Luzon. Bounded by Lot 1665-F, PSD-04-258746 on

1665-G, PSD-04-258746 on the SW., points 4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11, by Lot 1665-H,

PSD-04-258746 on the SW., points 13-14-15-16, by Barrio Road, PSD-04-258746

point 19; S 41 deg. 6' E., 86.01m. to point 1.

EXACT SIZE AND SHAPE

Figure 7.1. Lot Boundaries of Lot No. 1665-A

Figure 7.2. Lot Boundaries of Lot No. 1665-B

Figure 7.3. Lot Boundaries of Lot No. 1665-C

Figure 7.4. Lot Boundaries of Lot No. 1665-D

Figure 7.5. Lot Boundaries of Lot No. 1665-E

Figure 7.6 Combined Lot Boundaries

of 75°F and high of 85°F.

Figure 7.7. Monthly Average Temperature in Imus, Cavite

Rainfall and Intensity

rain in Imus is March, with an average rainfall of 1.2 inches.

Figure 7.8. Monthly Average Rainfall in Imus, Cavite

The perceived humidity level in Imus, as measured by the percentage of

Figure 7.9. Humidity Comfort Levels in Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.10. Solar Elevation and Azimuth in Imus, Cavite

Figure 7.11. Cloud Cover Categories in Imus, Cavite

The average hourly wind speed in Imus experiences significant seasonal

Figure 7.12. Average Wind Speed in Imus

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Imus varies throughout

percentage of 92% on January

Figure 7.13. Wind Direction in Imus, Cavite

WIND AND SOLAR ANALYSIS

Figure 7.14. Sun Path of the Proposed Site

prolonged periods of successive cloudless days, meanwhile southwest monsoon

or habagat winds comes from the southwest and characterized by a strong,

generally southwest breeze that is responsible for bringing significant rainfall.

Figure 7.15. Wind Path of the Proposed Site

TRAFFIC FLOW ANALYSIS