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Three steps in the Earth to Map Process 1) Study and estimate the geoid
2) Define Earth positions
3) Transform spheroid onto a plane
Classes a) Cylinder
b) Conical
c) Azimuthal
Aspect a) Normal
b) Transverse
c) Oblique
a) Gnomonic
b) Stereographic
c) Orthographic
a) Normal
b) Transverse
c) Oblique
NTS and OBM Grid Lines Spaced 1000 meters (1km apart). Each grid
is 1 square kilometer.
Winkel-Tripel
Compromise pseudoazimuthal. Aims to
reduce area, direction, distance
distortions. NatGeo 1998 replacing
Robinson
Goode Homolosine
Pseudocylindrical equal-area. Hybrid of
mollweide and sinusodial projections.
Good for thematic world maps.
1cm = 4km OR
1 inch = 2000 feet
Cs = Pr/Or * 100
Scale Change = New Product / Original
Scale * 100
10m/15m*100 = 66.66
Point A: 125.875,500,379
Point B: 126.000,500.00
Gravitational Influence of Moon and Sun Surface of Earth rises and falls 30cm
every day
Equal Area:
Equidistant: