INTRODUCTION OF SAFETY AND HEALTH

Since most employees spent at least 8 hours at their work place.The work invironment
should be save and healthy for them to perform their best.it is therefore essential their
organizations.the occupational act 1994 and the factories and mechinery act 1967 require
employer and employee like to be responsible for safety at the work place.Foreign worker
can be expected to have a highers gred of industrial accident compare to Malaysian because
of the nature of the job their old and the industries they work in.The department of
occupational safety and health (DOSH) is responsible for inforcing ther safety laws,which
they do by conducting inspections on a regular basic as well as investigating complains and
serious accident.The national institude of safety and health (NIOSH) in Bangi,Selangor,place
a major role in training employees,carrying out consultant project,dissemimating
information relating to safety and health,and conducting research into related areas.The
useful of safety culture concept is that its tell us that reducing work place accident requires
the total commitment of seniors managers,the active participation of all workers,especially
those involve with hazardous work,and a continous afford to mantain safety and reduse
accident as far as possible
 EXPLAIN AND ELABORATE ISSUE/TOPIC

1) Accident at work

The high rates of accidents among foreign workers is probably cause by

the nature of thier jobs which are typically manual in nature –
construction,plantation and manufacturing and where hazardous work is
common.furthermore miscommunication and language barriers make it
difficult for this workers to understand safety manuals and written
instructions.Although the accident rate has been gradually
decreasing,the fetality rate has remain depressingly high.The
consequences of accident at work are financial costs,losses of
output,lowered morale and negative publicity.
Whenever there is an accident at work,the employer will have to pay
medical bills and possibly hospital bills for the injured workers.For this
purpose,companies take out insurance coverage and pay constribution
to the employees social security organisation (SOCSO) as a result of an
accident,prduction will be suspended while an investigation carried
out.Lowerd morale of injured worker and others in te same section.The
increased dissatisfaction may cause a rise inturnover rates as workers
looks for jobs where there is less likelihood of accident.The mass media
publish details of major accidents,the organisation involve is bound to
come under intance scrutiny by the relavent authorities and the public.
2) Violent at work

Employee are require to ensure that the work place is a save as

possible for all employees.A save work place is not only free
from accident,but also violent free.Although Malaysia is
generally as violance prone as some other countries, the fact is
that violent behavior in society increasing.Just an employees
should take proactive steps to prevent sexual harrasment at the
work place,similarly,they should try to introduce policy and
prosedure which may stop possible acts of violence.Workplace
violence refers to any incident in a work-related situation in
which and employee is abuse,thratening or assaulted either by
a college or by a non-employee, or an outsider.
Violence includes not only physically harm or attempted
physically harm but also harassement and bullying.It is likely
that many cases of violence,especially verbal abuse,go
unreported for the same reason that victims of sexual
harassement do not complain either they are afraid to complain
or they do not know how to report the complaint.Violence
which originates outside the workplace and occurs in the
workplace as went an angry husband enters a workplace and
try to abuse his wife,an employee in that workplace or in the
case of robbery or terrorist attact.
3) Sexual harassement

Victims often face serious difficulties in concentrating on their

work.In a work invironment where sexual harassement is
openly allowed to take place, victims may choose to resign
rather than report the harasser to the appropriate
authorities.The loss of good employee will cause the
organization to suffer.Therefore,employers should take
proactive steps to prevent sexual haressement from occuring
and they should have system in place to deal with any
complains from an employee that he/she is being harassed.It is
widely assumed that sexual harasses are men and the victims
are women.Then this is not correct.
Harasses may be men or women and their victims may be male
or female.The Code of Practise on Preventing an Eradicating
Sexual Harassement in the Workplace define sexual
harassement as any unwanted conduct of a sexual nature
having the effect of verbal,non-verbal,visual,psychological or
psysical harassesment is that might,on reasonable grounds,be
perceived by the recipients placing a condition of a sexual
nature on his/her employment or that might,on reasonable
grounds,be perceived by recipient as an often of humiliation/or
a threat to her/his well being,but has no link to her/his
employmentThey may either try to deal with harasser themself
or resign without informing anyone the reason for their
leaving.It is also likely that many victims,who may be either
male or female,do not speak up because they do not know to
whom to complain,they are afraid that know one will believe
them or they are too embarrased to speak up.Employers
therefore should appoint at least two person (one male and one
female) to be incharge of handling complains of sexual
harassement.the woman organization,known as Joint Action
Group Againts Violence Againts Woman (JAG),would like to see
an independent body and a tribunal to deal with claims by
victims who amy include peple other than employees,such as
students who allege harassement by their lectures or members
of the public who are sexually harassed by goverment officers
including the police.
However,where there is evidence that sexual harassement has
taken place,appropriate disciplinary proceeding need to be
instituted as outline in the following chapter .Employers should
takes steps to ensure that all employees understand the
negative consequences of sexual harassement at work.Workers
should be advise that in order to strenghten their case again
and alleged harasser,they should inform a senior officer
immediately when the sexual harassement occurs.Then,they
should keep any documents,object or other prove of the
harassement.

They should make a police report againts the harasser.If an

employer fails to protect his employees from sexual
harassement he faces the possibility of the victims making a
complaint to outside parties such as the labour department or
the media.While Malaysia has no such law at present and
amendment to the Employment Act,which was introduced in
2012,makes it compulsory for employers investigate any
complain by an employee that he/she has been sexually
harasse.The employment act also provide a definition of sexual
harassement which make it clear that the victims may bemale
or female,semilarly,the harasser may also male or female.
 THE IMPLICATION AND RECOMMENDATION

Implication
For effective implimentation,organization should be develop the
capabilities and support mechanisms necessary to achieve the safety
and health policy,objective and targets.All staff should be motivated
and empowered to wrok safety and to protect their long term
health,not simply to avoid accident.This arrangements should be :

 Underpinned by effective staff involvement and participation

through appropriate consultation,the use of the safety
conmitment where it exist and the safety representation
system.
 Sustained by effective communication and the promotion of
competence which allows all employees and their
representatives to make responsible and informed contribution
to the safety and health.

There should be a planned and systematic approach to implementing

the safety and health policy through an effective safety and health
management system.The aim is to minimise risks.Risk Assassement
methods should be used to determine priorities and set objective for
eleminating hazards and reducing risk.Wherever possible,risks should
be eleminated through the selection and design of
facilities,equipment and processes.
If risk cannot be eliminated,they should be minimise by the use of
physical controls and save systems of work or,as a last resort,
through the provision of PPE.Performance standart should be
established and use for measurering achievement.Specific action to
promote a safety and health culture should be identified.They should
be a shared common understanding of the organization vision,values
and beliefs on health and safety.The visible and active leadership of
senior managers fosters a possitive safety and health culture.
Recommendation

Recommendation of employer is employ or appoint a

compitant officer to act as a security and help officer for
a particular organization as prescribed in the safety and
health regulation.Employer must provide an mantain a
place and work system to be save and healthy.Employer
have to provide information instruction and supervision
to ensure safety and wellbeing or when directed by the
director general of the occupational safety and health
department.Employer must set up security an health
posts for organization with fourty or more
employees.Employer have to provide employee safety
and health policy which is a return statement after
general policy, on safety and health policy regarding the
count of plan,method,traininng and etc.
recommendation of employes is employee should pay
reasonable attention to the safety of themself and
others while working.Employees should coorporate and
comply wuth the instructions of the employer or other
relevant person.Employees are required to comply with
safety and health instructions in the
workplace.Employee should use personal protective
equipment or clothing or any equipment supplied.
 conclusion
Accident are caused by a wide variety of factors and
therefore any programs design to reduce the number of
accident must take a multi-pornged approach.Sexual
harassement at the work place can be erradicated if
proper mechanisms are introduce.Violence at work is
increasing.Employers need to prepare specific policies
and prosedures to prevent violece at work and to deal
with it,should an incident worker.