LIDAR ALTIMETRY IN AGRICULTURE

Mr. Shreyas Ponnanna Mr. Benaka Santhosh S

8th Semester
Dept. Electronics and Communication Engineering
Coorg Institute of Technology
Ponnampet, India – 571216
shreyasponnanna709@gmail.com
Asst. Professor
Dept. Electronics and Communication Engineering
Coorg Institute of Technology
Ponnampet, India – 571216
benaka_mag@yahoo.co.in

Abstract— Agriculture is the backbone of our C. Title: Light detection and ranging (LIDAR) laser
country. Agriculture provides most of the world's altimeter for the Martian Moons Exploration (MMX)
food and fabrics. Agriculture plays a crucial role in spacecraft Hiroki Senshu, Takahide Mizuno,
the entire life of a given economy. Altimetry was Kazuhiro Umetani, Toru Nakura, Akihiro Konishi,
originally designed for oceanography in the 1970s, Akihiko Ogawa, Hirokazu Ikeda, Koji Matsumoto,
it was used to study favourable continental surfaces, Hirotomo Noda, Yoshiaki Ishihara, Sho Sasaki,
especially in hydrology and glaciology. A LIDAR Naoki Tateno, Yasuyuki Ikuse, Katsunori
altimetry is the most precise method of collecting Mayuzumi, Teiji Kase and Hisayoshi Kashine
data. The measurements of the physical structure Review on LIDAR altimeter for
describing the entire three-dimensional distribution interplanetary exploration.
of the agricultural land, hollow land and the cracks
III. PROBLEM STATEMENT
in the land by the LIDAR are very good, as
compared with non-LIDAR remotely sensed The various parameter of the surface of the
estimates the values are usually more than 80% of agricultural land is mapped using this technology
the variance. Through this research, the utility of The soil erosion can be mapped using this system
waveform sampling LIDAR altimetry of the The cracks on the surface of the land present in the
agricultural land has been established, and the sloppy and hilly sectors can be detected to prevent
impediments to its use have been substantially Landslides.
decreased.
IV. OBJECTIVE
I. INTRODUCTION
To map the agricultural land to detect soil erosion,
A LIDAR altimeter device is carried by
cracks in the land and the depth of the hollow land.
aeroplane to obtain precise data on agricultural land.
A RAW LIDAR image must be processed to obtain a Prevention of natural calamities using LIDAR.
digital elevation model.The method used is a series
of thresholds based on local mean and variance
measures.
Airborne laser scanning [ALS] technology
is the most accurate method of collecting large
volume, georeferenced 3D data. To obtain the height
above the sea level we drive the distance between the
scanner and the scanned ground surface we use
LIDAR to get the precise topographic data at high
speed on the agricultural land.
LIDAR collects higher density, highly
accurate data, less time for data collection and Fig: Time of flight measurement of a laser altimeter
processing and the data is light and weather
independent.

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

A. Title: progress in lidar altimeter remote sensing of
stand structure in deciduous and coniferous forests
using slicer data by Michael A. Lefsky, David J.
Harding, Geoffery G. Parker, Warren B. Cohen1,
Steven A. Acker
This project describes the LIDAR altimeter
for the canopy structure in remote sensing
Fig: Geoscience LIDAR altimetry
B. Title: Review on LiDAR technology by Srushti
Neoge · Ninad Mehendale V. METHODOLOGY
Brief on the history and working of LIDAR The LIDAR sensor emits pulsed light waves
technology onto the surface and then the pulses that are bounced
back into the sensor are used to map the agricultural
land.
A LIDAR Altimeter transmits laser pulses
onto the vegetation land with a pulse range of 10-
30Hz. A neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium
garnet is optically pumped with laser pumping diodes
to produce laser pulses.
A LIDAR instrument is highly sensitive to
aerosols and cloud particles in the transmission path.
The receiver of a LIDAR altimeter can be further
used as a passive radiometer measuring the radiance
of the surface at the instrument-sensitive wavelength
 FORMULA USED
D=c*t/2
D is the distance from the flight to the surface
c is the speed of light
t is the time taken for the light to bounce back
VI. WAVEFORM LIDAR PROCESSING
ALGORITHM
To obtain the waveform into an estimate of
the total scalable height of the agricultural land. First,
we need to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the
LIDAR. The raw amplitude is summed by
accumulating the signal in the adjacent waveform
bins. The mean and variance of the background noise
are established using the final portion of the
waveform, beyond any potential last ground return.
The mean background noise is subtracted from the
summed distribution yielding a signal above the noise
level as shown in the figure.
VII. Result
The proposed work is made to benefit the farmers
to map and know their agricultural land.
The landslides can be prevented way before they
can cause damage.
The soil erosion and the geographical data of the
agricultural land are available.
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