STEEL DESIGN - CHAPTER 3 TENSION MEMBERS

INTRODUCTION
These are structural elements that carry
axial tensile forces. They are commonly
used in various types of structures such
as in truss, buildings as bracings, in
suspended roof systems as cables, etc.
The strength of a tension member is
based on its cross-sectional area.
STEEL DESIGN - CHAPTER 3 TENSION MEMBERS
TENSILE STRENGTH
A tension member can fail by reaching one
of two limit states: excessive deformation
or fracture.
STEEL DESIGN - CHAPTER 3 TENSION MEMBERS
AREA DETERMINATION
STEEL DESIGN - CHAPTER 3 TENSION MEMBERS
EFFECTIVE NET AREA
A connection almost always weakens
the member, and the measure of its
influence is called the joint efficiency.
This factor is a function of the ductility
of the material, fastener spacing, stress
concentrations at holes, fabrication
procedure, and a phenomenon known
as shear lag.
Shear Lag This is a phenomenon for the
unbalanced distribution of stress in the
connected member.
STEEL DESIGN - CHAPTER 3 TENSION MEMBERS
EFFECTIVE NET AREA

Welted Connection

Bolted Connection For Round HSS

STEEL DESIGN - CHAPTER 3 TENSION MEMBERS
EFFECTIVE NET AREA EFFECTIVE DIAMETER HOLE
This is the assumed hole diameter that will be
drilled in the steel member.
Bolt

Plate

Round Rivet
STEEL DESIGN - CHAPTER 3 TENSION MEMBERS
EFFECTIVE NET AREA