Template

• A single stranded DNA sequence that

acts as the guiding pattern for
producing a complementary DNA
strand.

Semi conservative replication

• Process of replication in which each

DNA molecule is composed of one
parent strand and one newly
synthesized strand.

DNA Helicase

• The enzyme that unwinds double

helical DNA by disrupting hydrogen
bonds.

Anneal

• The pairing of complementary strands

of DNA through hydrogen bonding.
-stranded binding proteins

• A protein that keeps separate strands of

DNA apart.

DNA gyrase

• The bacterial enzyme that relieves the tension

produced by the unwinding of DNA during
replication.

Replication Fork

• The region where the enzymes

replicating a DNA molecule are bound
to untwisted, single stranded DNA.

Replication Bubble

• The region where two replication forks

are I close proximity to each other,
producing a bubble in the replicating
DNA.
DNA polymerase III

• The enzyme responsible for synthesizing

complementary strands of DNA during DNA
replication

Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates

• Molecules composed of a deoxyribose bonded

to three phosphate groups and a nitrogenous
base.

RNA Primer

• A sequence of 10 to 60 RNA bases that is

annealed to a region of single stranded DNA for
the purpose of initiating DNA replication.

Primase

• The enzyme that builds RNA primers.

Leading strand

• The new strand of DNA that is synthesized

continuously during replication.
Lagging strand

• The new strand of DNA that is synthesized in

short fragments which are later joined together.

Okazaki fragments

Short fragments of DNA that are a result of

synthesis of the lagging strand during
DNAreplication.

DNA polymerase I

• An enzyme that removes RNA primers and

replaces them with the appropriate
deoxyribonucleotides during DNA replication

DNA ligase

• The enzyme that joins DNA fragments

together by catalyzing the formation of a bond
between the 3' hydroxyl group and a 5'
phosphate group on the sugar-phosphate
backbones.
Exonuclease

An enzyme that cuts out nucleotides at the end

of a DNA strand.

1. What does it mean when DNA replication is

referred to as semi-conservative?

• DNA replication is referred to as semi-

conservative because when the parent strand
unzips and acts as a template for the newly
replicated DNA, each new daughter strand
produced contains one new DNA strand and
half of the parent strand.