Chemistry Revision

1) Circle the correct options A, B, C & D.

1) To obtain large copper sulphate crystals, one should

____________________
(A) gently heat a saturated solution
(B) cool a hot saturated solution slowly
(C) heat a saturated solution strongly
(D) cool a hot saturated solution rapidly

2) The acid used in preserving food and for cooking_____________.

(A) hydrochloric acid
(B) nitric acid
(C) carbonic acid
(D) ethanoic acid

3) Which of the following substances is produced through crystallisation?

(A) Chlorine
(B) Silicon wafers
(C) Glass
(D) Gun powder
4) What ill happen to th pH value of an alkali when acid is slowly added
to it?
(A) It increases and then decreases
(B) It decreases
(C) It remains the same
(D) It increases

5) Which of the following substances has a pH value of more than 7?

(A) Methyl orange
(B) Hydrogen gas
(C) Calcium hydroxide
(D) Oxalic acid

6) Usually the first substance to be added to water in impounding

reservoirs is ____________
(A) chlorine
(B) fluorine
(C) aluminium sulphate
(D) lime

7) What is the pH value of pure water?

(A) 7
(B) 10
(C) 14
(D) 1
8) Which process can be used to obtain pure copper sulphate?
(A) Chromatography
(B) Sublimation
(C) Condensation
(D) Crystallisation

9) A substance that is 6 on the pH scale would be :

(A) strong alkali
(B) weak acid
(C) strong acid
(D) neutral

10) When an indicator is added to solutions of different pH values, it

should sow a change in ___________.
(A) colour
(B) volume
(C) state
(D) smell
 Section B
1) Answer the following questions.
1) What is crystallisation?
𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐜𝐫𝐲𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐬
_________________________________________________________

2) What is desalination?
𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐫𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐯𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐬𝐚𝐥𝐭 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐬𝐞𝐚𝐰𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫
_________________________________________________________

3) List three examples of an acid and their uses.

* 𝐂𝐢𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝 𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐡𝐲 𝐟𝐨𝐨𝐝
_________________________________________________________
* 𝐍𝐢𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝 𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐞𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐬
_________________________________________________________
* 𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐟𝐨𝐨𝐝 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐜𝐨𝐨𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠
_________________________________________________________

4) What is neutralisation?
𝐖𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐫𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐚𝐦𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐚𝐥𝐤𝐚𝐥𝐢 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐦𝐢𝐱𝐞𝐝
_________________________________________________________
𝐚 𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐚𝐥𝐭 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐰𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐢𝐬 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐞𝐝
_________________________________________________________

5) List three examples of alkalis and their uses.

𝐏𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐮𝐦 𝐡𝐲𝐝𝐫𝐨𝐱𝐢𝐝𝐞 𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐩𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐭 𝐫𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐝𝐲𝐞𝐬
_________________________________________________________
𝐒𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐮𝐦 𝐡𝐲𝐝𝐫𝐨𝐱𝐢𝐝𝐞 𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐞𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐬𝐨𝐚𝐩 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐰𝐚𝐬𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐩𝐨𝐰𝐝𝐞𝐫
_________________________________________________________
𝐀𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐚 𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐟𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐥𝐢𝐪𝐮𝐢𝐝𝐬
_________________________________________________________

6) What is saturated solution?

𝐀_________________________________________________________
𝐬𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐢𝐬 𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐦𝐚𝐱𝐢𝐮𝐦
𝐚𝐦𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐯𝐞𝐝 𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐞 𝐢𝐧 𝐚 𝐠𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐧 𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐦𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭
_________________________________________________________
𝐚𝐭 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐫 𝐭𝐞𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞 𝐢𝐟 𝐞𝐱𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬
𝐬𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐞
2) Name the acid or alkali in each of the substance given below:
𝐂𝐢𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝
1) Oranges - ______________________________________________
𝐒𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐮𝐦 𝐡𝐲𝐝𝐫𝐨𝐱𝐢𝐝𝐞
2) soap - _________________________________________________
𝐌𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐜 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝.
3) apples - ________________________________________________

3) Complete the following equations:

1) Hydrochloric acid + potassium
2) Sulphuric acid + sodium carbonate
3) Nitric acid + magnesium hydroxide
𝐏𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐮𝐦 𝐜𝐡𝐥𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐝𝐞 + 𝐡𝐲𝐝𝐫𝐨𝐠𝐞𝐧
________________________
𝐒𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐮𝐦 𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐩𝐡𝐚𝐭𝐞 +
____________________
𝐰𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫 + 𝐜𝐚𝐫𝐛𝐢𝐧 𝐝𝐢𝐨𝐱𝐢𝐝𝐞
____________________
𝐌𝐚𝐠𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐮𝐦 𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞 +
____________________
𝐰𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫
____________________

4) Answer the following questions.

1) Copper chloride crystals can be made by adding excess copper

carbonate which is insoluble in water to hydrochloric acid.

1) Why was the copper carbonate in excess?

𝐓𝐨 𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐝 𝐡𝐚𝐬 𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐝
________________________________________________________
 2) Label the diagram shown below:

𝐁𝐞𝐚𝐤𝐞𝐫
𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠
𝐦𝐢𝐱𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞

𝐅𝐢𝐥𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐩𝐚𝐩𝐞𝐫
𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐮𝐞
𝐅𝐮𝐧𝐧𝐞𝐥

𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐟𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐤
𝐅𝐢𝐥𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞

3) Describe how you could obtain pure dry crystals of copper chloride
from copper chloride solution?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

Crystallisation -
We must pour the mixture into an evaporating dish and gently heat
the solution using a Bunsen burner.
When we see crystals starting to form, we have to remove the
evaporating dish from the heat and allow the solution to cool so that
the salt crystals become larger.
𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐲 𝐝𝐫𝐲 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐜𝐫𝐲𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐚 𝐬𝐨𝐟𝐭 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐭𝐡