1

GREEN BUILDING
MATERIALS
Rencana Perkuliahan
Minggu Materi Kuliah Dosen
1 Pendahuluan dan perubahan iklim: YCH
2 Pengertian green building YCH
3 Green building assessment YCH
4 Energi dan pendinginan bangunan ASY
5 Kualitas dan kenyamanan udara dalam bangunan ASY
6 Pengelolaan limbah dalam bangunan/Gedung ASY
7 Siklus LCA bahan material bangunan ASY
8-9 UTS YCH
10 Desain green buiding YCH
11 Tepat guna lahan YCH
12 Konservasi air pada bangunan YCH
13 Bahan-bahan material green building YCH
14 Manajemen lingkungan bangunan YCH
15 Greenroof YCH
16 Presentasi tugas akhir: Rancangan green building YCH
Capaian Pembelajaran
 Setelah mengikuti perkuliahan ini mahasiswa akan
mampu melakukan pemilihan bahan/material
konstruksi bangunan sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip
greenbuilding
 Pendahuluan
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 Pendahuluan
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 Green Building Materials Characteristics
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 Are those that use the earth`s resources in an

environmentally responsible way
 Respect the limitations of non renewable resources
 Non-toxic
 Energy-efficient and water-efficient
 Made from recycled materials and themselves
recyclable
 Wood products: certified and obtained from rapidly
renewable resources
 EPD and EBD
 Green Building Materials Characteristics
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The challenge of assessing the relatives greenness of

product
 Is it hazardous?

 Is it locally obtained?

 Is it recylced

 Is it energy-intensive to make?

 Is it reusable or recyclable?
 Standard product selection
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 Identify material categories

 Identify performance criteria
 Identify building material options
 Gather technical information
 Review submitted information for completeness
 Evaluate materials
 Select and document choice
 What is EPD and EBD ?
! An Environmental Product Declaration, EPD, is a verified
document that reports environmental data of products based on
life cycle assessment (LCA) and other relevant information and in
accordance with the international standard ISO 14025 (Type III
Environmental Declarations)
! An Environmental Building Declaration, EBD, is a LCA of entire
building, and can include its site, how the building is used by its
occupants, and the end of its life
! In short an EPD is the equivalent of nutrition label for products
and materials and is issued by independent organization. An EBD
9 can be considered to be the sum of total of EPDs for all the
products and materials in building and represent its total impact
 The challenge of materials and
product selection
! The most difficult and challenging task facing the
project team
! There is no clear consensus about the criteria for
material and products that would characterize them
as environmentally preferable, environmentally
responsible, or green.
! Environmentally preferable product being common
in US for building materials and products
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 Green Building: Products &
materials
! Green building products generally refer to building
components that have any of a wide range of attributes
that make them preferable to the alternatives
! Low-E glass vs ordinary float glass
! Green building materials refer to basic materials that may
be the components of products or used in a stand alone
manner in building
! Wood
! Depending on how they are defined, green building
products may not even be made of green building
materials
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 Priorities for Selecting Building
Materials and Products
! As with energy and water resources, the primary
emphasis should be on reducing the quantity of
materials needed for construction
! Reuse materials and products from existing
buildings, deconstruction strategy
! Use products and materials that contain
recycled content (recyclable or made from
renewable resources)
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 General Materials Strategy
! Reuse existing structures
! Reduce materials use
! Use materials created fro renewable resources
! Reuse building components
! Use recyclable and recycled-content materials
! Use locally produced materials
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 LCA of Building Materials and
Products
! The most important tool
currently being used to
determine the impacts of
building materials is LCA

! Defined as methodology for

assessing the environmental
performance of a product
over its full life cycle.
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 LCA of Building Materials and
Products
! Environmental performance is generally measured
in terms of wide range of potential effects, :
1. Fossil fuel depletion
2. Other non-renewable resources use
3. Water use
4. Global warming potential
5. Stratospheric ozone depletion
6. Ground-level ozone (smog) creation
7. Nutrification/eutrophication of water bodies
8. Acidification and acid deposition (dry and wet)
15 9. Toxic releases to air, water, and land
 Materials and products
certification systems
! One of the means of selecting green building
materials and products is rely on certification
programs that are well recognized by building
assessment system such as LEED USGBC
! Wood products: Forest stewardship council (FSC)
! Low paint emission: Green seal standard
! Low emission carpets Carpet and rug institute (CRI)

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 Wood and wood products
! Important because of its renewability
! A wide variety of wood products are used in construction
! Should originate in sustainably managed forests and should bear
labels certifying this fact.
! Certified wood and paper association (CWPA): FSC and USGBC LEED
! The sustainable forestry initiative standard (SFIS) : is a comprehensive
system principles, objectives, and performance measures developed
by professional foresters, conservationist and scientist that combines
the perpetual growing and harvesting of trees with long-term
protection of wildlife, plants, soil and water quality
17 ! Other third party certification: American Tree Farm System (ATFS),
CSA Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) ! The Green Globe
 Concrete and concrete products
! Key issue; CO2 emitted in the cement manufacturing
process

! For each ton of powder cement produced, up to an

equal mass of CO2 is generated
! Strategy: minimizing the quantity of cement in a
concrete mix

! Recycle: Crushed concrete can be used as subbase

for roads, sidewalk and parking lots
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 Metals: Steel and aluminum
! Metals in generally have high potential for
recycling and most metal products.

! Providing high strength and durability with

light weight

! Each ton recycled steel saves 1134 kg of

iron ore, 635 kg of coal, 54 kg of limestone,
energy 1/5.

! Recycled Al requires only 5% energy,

eliminate 95% CO2

! Recycling 1 pound (0.45 kg) saves 8 pound

(3.6kg) of bauxite and 6.4 kW of electricity

19 ! In US, 65% al being recycled

 Metals: Steel and aluminum
! 1 kg Al produced 29 cans (22 cans on
1972).

! Recycling rates for building

application: 60-90%

! Al panels used in buildings are

corrosion-resistant, lightweight,
virtually maintenance-free

! Al has high reflectivity, useful as

roofing material

! Al use: electrical wiring application as

casing for appliances, molding and
20 extrusions for windows
 Plastics
! Plastics have a high potential for
recycling

! Manufactures of plastics derived from

chlorine or that employ chlorine
! PVC is the lowest recycling rate
among plastic classes (less 1%) !US
! PVC in Europe : 3% recycling, 17 %
incinerated, 80% landfilled

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 Design for deconstruction and disassembly

! The concept of
deconstruction and
design for disassembly
(DfD) !to move from
wasteful materials
practices to closed-loop
materials behavior

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 Principles of DfD as
applied buildings
1. Use recycled and recyclable materials
2. Minimize the number of types of materials
3. Avoid using toxic and hazardous materials
4. Use mechanical rather than chemical
connections
5. Use an open building system with
interchangeable parts
6. Provide access to all building components
7. Use lightweight materials and components
8. Provide spare parts and storage for them

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 Selection Criteria
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 Aesthetic Quality
 Durability
 Ecological Impact
 Embodied Energy
 Performance
 Social Impact
 Cost???
 Cost vs Value
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Is it the better:
 Aesthetic Quality
 Durability
 Ecological Impact
 Embodied Energy
 Performance
 Social Impact
26 Flooring
Rapidly Renewable Flooring Options

BAMBOO
27 Flooring
Rapidly Renewable Flooring Options

Palm Sorghum Eucalyptus

28 Flooring
Rapidly Renewable Flooring Options

Natural
Linoleum
29 Flooring
“Waste” Based Flooring Options

Recycled Aggregate
Flooring
 Flooring
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Flooring
Sustainable Carpeting
 Sustainable carpeting
Wool Sisal Sea Grass
 Flooring
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Flooring
 Sustainable carpeting
Sustainable Carpeting
 Wall Finished
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 Low and Zero VOC Paints

 Natural Plaster
 Natural Paints
 Wall Finished
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Wall Finishes
Zero VOC Paints
 Zero VOC Paints
 Wall Finished
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Wall Finishes
 Natural Plaster
Natural Plaster

Hydraulic Lime
Clay Plaster Clay Plaster
Plaster
 Wall Finished
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
Wall
Natural PlaintFinishes
Natural Paints
Lime Paint Clay Paint Milk Paint
 Cabinetry
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Cabinetry
Alternatives to Wood
 Alternatives to Wood

Sorghum Bamboo Palm

 Solid Surfaces
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Solid Surfaces
“Waste” Based Countertop Materials
 “Waste” Based Countertop Materials
 Solid Surfaces
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Solid Surfaces
 “Waste” Based
“Waste” Countertop
Based Countertop Materials Materials
 Solid Surfaces
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Solid Surfaces
 “Waste” Based Countertop Materials
“Waste” Based Countertop Materials
Lebih Sedikit Limbah Konstruksi PEMBUANGAN
Material
40 Prefab

metode pelaksanaan pembangunan dengan memanfaatkan

bahan atau fabrikasi komponen dibuat di luar proyek atau di
lokasi proyek, tetapi harus disatukan terlebih dahulu
komponennya (Ervianto, 2008)

Manfaat Lingkungan
Lebih sedikit menghasilkan limbah, Mengurangi beban
landfill
Limbah (sisa produk) akan di daur ulang oleh produsen
Manfaat Ekonomi
(Berdasarkan penelitian Ervianto, 2008):
Mengurangi 25% waktu konstruksi
Mengurangi 10% pekerja
41 Terima kasih