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CASE PROFILE
In these challenging times brought by the
COVID-19 Pandemic, businesses are facing
enormous adversities in certain aspects of the
organization. Nowadays, extensive leadership
efforts and skills are more important than ever.
Effective solutions must be analyzed and
integrated in order to solve the challenges
posed by the crisis. Just like any other company,
San Miguel Corporation, despite being one of
the country's leading brands, was affected by
the pandemic and thereby challenged by its
multifaceted implications. Through gathering
and analyzing information, it is depicted that the
problem of miscommunication, performance
management and adequacy in strategic
contingent planning affects the corporation as
SAN MIGUEL whole. Therefore, this case analysis report
assessed the occurring problem in San Miguel
Corporation during this time of pandemic and
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FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Accounts, Business and Finance
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT
Table of Contents
Table of Contents..............................................................................................................................i
List of Tables and Figures.................................................................................................................ii
Executive Summary..........................................................................................................................1
Overview of the Organization..........................................................................................................3
The Case Study.................................................................................................................................1
Viewpoint and Time Context ......................................................................................................1
Case Facts.....................................................................................................................................1
The Problem.................................................................................................................................1
Objective......................................................................................................................................1
Alternative Courses of Action/Criteria.........................................................................................1
Recommendation.............................................................................................................................1
Conclusion........................................................................................................................................1
References.......................................................................................................................................2
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FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY
Institute of Accounts, Business and Finance
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT
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Executive Summary
San Miguel Corporation is one of the leading and most developed firms in the country,
producing about 5.9% of the country’s gross domestic product as of 2018. It is one of the major
contributors of workforce in the country, with nearly 33,000 employees. Like any other
company, San Miguel Corporation also experience problems that are among the responsibilities
of the SMC’s Area Operational Manager, who is assigned to ensure that the company yields its
best performance. They are a valuable part of the management board responsible for high-level
activities such as external recruitment, establishing best practices, and implementation plans.
This study focuses on the problems established during the Enhance Community Quarantine
(ECQ) in the Philippines due to the constraints brought by the increasing number of COVID-19
cases.
San Miguel as one of the largest multi-industry
company is among the companies affected in the
country. The operations of the company are heavily
affected due to some constrains brought by the crisis.
With that being said, SMC has a variety of issues
within and outside the organization. It is highly
evident that the Communicative Leadership can be
used as a perspective to be applied in San Miguel
Corporation’s occurring problem for them to have a
clear transmission of information from the manager
down to its workers. This approach will lead to a
better outcome if it will be applied by both the manager and the subordinates.
Figure 1. San Miguel The
Coreexecution
Products of
the Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ) last mid-March did not help San Miguel Brewery’s
tasks which was at that point staggering from the impacts of higher excise taxes. The
corporation temporarily shuts down various facilities in Luzon because of the enhanced
community quarantine. Moreover, San Miguel Food and Beverage Inc. spotted a 20 percent
year-on-year drop in the first quarter with the net income of 5.8 billion as the Enhance
Community Quarantine and liquor ban in many cities gnawed on its beer and hard liquors
businesses. San Miguel’s Infrastructure project, Skyway Stage 3, collapsed and was seriously
damaged because a fire broke out at San Miguel Yamamura Plastic Plant Corporation in
Pandacan, Manila, on February 1, 2020. On November 21, 2020, San Miguel Corporation
announced that there will be a delay on opening the Skyway Extension. (Philippine Daily
Inquirer, 2020).
The main objective of the case study is to
gather information about the miscommunication in
San Miguel's operations and analyze its destructive
effects on the management and its employees. On
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Upon analyzing the said alternatives, the second alternative course of action is the most
preferred one which is promoting an environment conducive to open communication. This
alternative course of action can create a supportive space for employees and managers. Despite
the fact that it is complex, time consuming and needs more effort, this will benefit the
organization because it will have a thorough understanding of the issues affecting the
management and the workers and ensuring that they can effectively address the issues and
alleviate the possibility of escalation. One of the leadership techniques and models used is the
model of relationship between leadership, satisfaction, engagement, performance and
effectiveness model. This can help them to alleviate the main problem posed by the COVID-19
pandemic in terms of the management’s engagement and collaborative effort. Another one is
the system view of communication which involves the correct process of communicating within
the group. Through this model, the organization can weigh how to foster and promote an
environment that is conducive to open communication. Consequently, it is very essential that
these alternate courses of action and recommendations should be adapted to the corporation
so that problems can be resolved, risks can be minimized and to maintain reputable brand
placement in the market. San Miguel Corporation is undeniably one of the leading and most
successful corporations in the Philippines. Regardless of its reputation, the organization must
acknowledge its weaknesses and shortcomings in specific areas such as leadership and decision-
making. The company must recognize its failures to strengthen its practices further and evaluate
the things that need to be improved to strengthen its brand image and become a company that
cares about the community and values people through offering goods and services.
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San Miguel Corporation (SMC) is one of the Philippines’ leading and most developed
firms, producing about 5.9% of the country’s gross domestic product as of 2018 through its
services in different sectors. In addition to its leadership in the Philippine food and beverage
industry, San Miguel has also embarked on a savvy acquisition of international presence in Hong
Kong, China, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, and Australia. San Miguel was founded by Enrique
María Barret under La Fábrica de Cerveza San Miguel in 1890 with its humble beginning as
Southeast Asia’s first brewery to becoming one of the top beer brands in the world. This year,
the company celebrates its 130 years of service and owns multiple subsidiaries. Through trade
relationships with large multinational corporations, San Miguel has established connections to
management experience, global strategies and emerging technologies, thereby optimizing its
performance, and positioning itself as a world-class corporation. The San Miguel companies are
international experts in various companies. Kirin Brewery Co., Ltd. is the largest shareholder of
San Miguel Brewery. The corporation also has a strong strategic alliance with the US-based
Hormel Foods Corporation, Nihon Yamamura Glass and Qtel, a Qatar-based telecommunications
company.
San Miguel Corporation is one of the major contributors of workforce in the country
with 28,568 workers as of December 2018. The largest company started as a single brewery in
the year 1890 and currently has 100 facilities around the world such as in Southeast Asia, China,
Australia, and New Zealand. From the original cerveza that first rolled off the bottling line, San
Miguel Corporation expanded its portfolio to produce a wide range of popular beverage, food,
and packaging products that have catered to generations of consumers’ ever-changing tastes. It
has also diversified into industrial sectors, including power and other resources, mining, energy,
tollways, and airports. San Miguel's development management seeks to focus on emerging
potential opportunities from partnerships and further strengthening its market advantage by
Figure 3. San Miguel President Figure 4. San Miguel Products
maximizing synergies through established market segments.
For decades, the corporation has created powerful customer satisfaction through the
most prominent food and beverage brands in the Country – San Miguel Pale Pilsen, Ginebra,
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Magnolia, Monterey and Purefoods. Owing to its never-ending growth, SMC became one of the
pioneering companies in the Philippines upholding its trademark brand values. Today, San
Miguel Beer, the firm's signature beverage, is still one of the 10 leading beer brands worldwide
and claims more than 95% of the overall Philippine beer industry.
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producing quality products on time, conduct regular meetings with the management to discuss
operation update, scrutinize budget and expenses for profitability, supervise supply chain and
inventory, and assess employee performances. They must have the capacity to evaluate the
team's concerns and communicate efficiently to keep things going with coordination. They are
essential for the procedures to be implemented and for employees to be guided collectively
through the processes' continual development.
Time Context
The problems were established when the government announced a state of calamity
and Enhance Community Quarantine (ECQ) in the Philippines last March 13, 2020 because of
the growing cases of Corona Virus (COVID-19) pandemic.
Case Facts
San Miguel Corporation (SMC) is the leading food, beverage, and packaging corporation
in the Philippines, with more than 100 production facilities nationwide. Apart from the
Philippines, SMC has since become well recognized in the international arena because it has
expanded to many countries worldwide. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 situation, San
Miguel, as one of the largest multi-industry company, is among the companies affected in the
country. The operations of the company are heavily affected due to some constraints brought by
the crisis. With that being said, SMC has a variety of issues within and outside the organization.
These are the factual aspects of the case relating to the problems and concerns of the company:
It is highly evident that the Communicative Leadership can be used as a perspective to
be applied in San Miguel Corporation’s occurring problem for them to have a clear transmission
of information from the manager down to its workers. This approach will lead to a better
outcome if it will be applied by both the manager and the subordinate.
The Communicative Leadership talks about the proper way a leader should
communicate to his/her subordinates. This creates a value and is seen to be a competitive
advantage. This perspective provides positive effects in the workplace, such as job satisfaction,
greater productivity, less absenteeism, and improved production This emphasized that the
subordinates who are more satisfied with the management’s communication turns out to be
the ones who are committed to the organization. Communicative Leadership shows that
communicative leaders are far better than other leaders. Also, they are seen to have an
influence on their subordinates’ attitudes, well-being, and performance.
San Miguel Corporation announced on Tuesday that it is observing initial signs of
progress, particularly in China, where coronavirus epidemic is presumed to have
emerged in 2019 (COVID -19). "I believe we’re in a better position now to build
on our gains for the rest of the year and beyond the strong demand we’re seeing
is also a big encouragement" Ang said. (ABS-CBN News, 2020)
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The execution of the Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ) last mid-March did
not help San Miguel Brewery’s tasks which were at that point staggering from the
impacts of higher excise taxes. (Manila Bulletin, 2020)
San Miguel Food and Beverage Inc. (SMFB) spotted a 20 percent year-on-year
drop in the first quarter with the net income of 5.8 billion as the Enhance
Community Quarantine (ECQ) and liquor ban in many cities gnawed on its beer
and hard liquors businesses alongside the increase in excise taxes. Consolidated
revenues decrease by 9 percent year-on-year to 69 billion, while consolidated
operating income decreased by 20 percent to 6.8 billion. Beer and spirits
divisions had a good sale as the year 2020 started, due to the implementation of
ECQ together with the imposition liquor bans across key cities, it dragged down
the sales of its alcoholic beverage. Despite the decrease on sales on the alcoholic
beverage division, the food division grew its consolidated revenues by 2 percent
year-on-year to P33.2 billion. (Philippine Daily Inquirer, 2020)
On November 21, 2020, San Miguel Corporation announced that there will be a
delay on opening the Skyway Extension. This is because of the unexpected
incident where a steel grinder collapsed after a crane operated by a contractor
fell in the East Service Road. Nevertheless, the SMC assures that they will take
care of all the needs of those affected. (Philippine Daily Inquirer, 2020)
San Miguel’s Infrastructure project, Skyway Stage 3, collapsed and was seriously
damaged because a fire broke out at San Miguel Yamamura Plastic Plant
Corporation in Pandacan, Manila, on February 1, 2020. Based on the Bureau of
Fire Protection’s investigation, the incident happened due to “hot work” such as
metal grinding and welding activities done by workers of a subcontractor.
Findings show that hot welding equipment came in contact with combustible
materials like cartons that started the fire. Due to the incident, the project was
not accomplished on the projected completion, which is supposed to be in April.
Despite that, SMC is ready to help those who are affected and extend their
cooperation to officials as they inspect the cause of the fire. (Rappler, 2020)
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The Problem
This case study is focused on assessing how San Miguel Corporation should address the
leadership challenges and determine the workable solutions accordingly. To discern the
solutions, we specifically seek to analyze the following problems:
Miscommunication can hinder the organization’s progress as it can also affect
performance, collaboration and result to conflict in the long run.
that they have encounter such as miscommunication, best solution to avoid the conflict
embedded by role ambiguity, role conflict, and following directions of subordinates
(PAREPHRASE NITO HEHE).(Magbasa muna sa McGraw)(role ambiguity, role conflict)
Another big problem is the proximity of workers to the hazardous workplace without
appropriate training and instruction. According to Occupational Safety and Health Standards
(OSHS), the work environment should be free from harmful practices which can lead to death,
injury, or physical damage to workers. Nonetheless, they should have full safety guidance and
appropriate safety measures to all employees who are exposed to the dangerous workplace.
Objectives
The goal of this case study is to assess other prospective measures and strategies for San
Miguel Corporation in the problem of miscommunication.
1. Gather facts and supporting details about the miscommunication in San Miguel's
operations.
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2. Analyze the issue of miscommunication and its detrimental effects on the
management process of San Miguel and its employees.
3. Provide effective approaches for San Miguel to establish strong linkages, effective
communication, and collaboration with its workers.
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Alternative Course of Action Advantages Disadvantages
The second alternative The relationship between In the context of COVID-
course of action that San employees will be 19, the management
Miguel must consider is that developed. This will cause a may experience a delay
the management should positive culture for the in response and
establish an environment management. acknowledgment due to
which is conducive to their Internet
effective communication. connectivity.
This will enable the
organization to recognize
Online communication
the concerns and come up would be time-
with solutions to address it consuming and
immediately in order to ineffective for
prevent the said problems management because
from escalating. of technical difficulties
and undetermined
When workers feel a sense engagement from the
of belongingness, the participants.
efficiency and dedication of
employees are influenced
by the team’s good
collaboration. The
efficiency and dedication of
employees are influenced
by the team’s good
collaboration.
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substantial actions must be The organization would
done. be found successful in
maintaining secure
control of its labor
processes.
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delay of production.
After the analysis of the said alternatives, the second alternative action is the most
effective one. Promoting an environment conducive to open communication can create a
supportive space for employees and managers. The interaction between the management and
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the workers can be strengthened. Using intrinsic motivation, leaders can empower the
subordinates to understand their needs and recognize their work. The workers will feel that
they are part of the organization because they can rely upon rational concerns and share
rational thoughts with the management without being overlooked. Even though it is complex,
time-consuming, and needs more effort, the organization will benefit from this because it will
have a thorough understanding of the issues affecting the management and the workers,
ensuring that they can effectively address the issues and alleviate the possibility of escalation.
As mentioned, the relationships in the organization will be developed. This will cause a
positive culture for the company. This will enable the organization to recognize the concerns
and come up with solutions to address it immediately in order to prevent the said problems
from escalating. When workers feel a sense of belongingness, the efficiency and dedication of
employees are influenced by the team’s good collaboration.
This action is a considerable moral encouragement for the workers, which will continue
to inspire and encourage them to achieve greater results and maximum productivity. In line
with this is the leadership and decision-making concept of a relationship-based perspective on
motivation. This is the relationship between leadership, satisfaction, engagement,
performance and effectiveness model.
This model helps the company to attain an overall view of the relationships embedded in
leadership, satisfaction and motivation, engagement, performance and effectiveness. The given
aspects are the most needed in the leadership framework of the organization in order to cope
up with challenging times. This can help them to alleviate the main problem posed by the
COVID- 19 pandemic in terms of the management’s engagement and collaborative efforts.
Another leadership and decision-making concept are the system view of
communication which involves the correct process of communicating within the group. This
includes analyzing the efficiency of a medium, the role of feedback, and assessing if messages
are being delivered successfully. Through this model, the organization can weigh how to foster
and promote an environment that is conducive to open communication.
Conclusion
COVID-19 turmoil in the Philippines continues to have an impact on the lives of every
Filipino, particularly those who work to meet the needs of their families and their loved ones.
One of the several organizations affected by the crisis in the Philippines is San Miguel
Corporation, owing to the restrictions that were implemented by the government. San Miguel
Corporation is known to be one of the most prominent, most developed firm and most
recognized manufacturers in the Philippines. It is one of the major contributors of workforce in
the country with nearly 33,000 employees. For decades, the corporation has created powerful
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customer satisfaction through the most prominent food and beverage brands in the country,
such as San Miguel Pale Pilsen, Ginebra, Magnolia, Monterey, and Purefoods. Nonetheless,
despite the accomplishments, difficulties within the organization are also being encountered.
The case presented analyzed and proposed alternative solutions to address San Miguel
Corporation’s organizational problems. The company’s major problems include
miscommunication, lack of monitoring, and inadequacy of strategic and contingency planning.
Due to an immense corporate ladder, the information and instructions from the management
are not directly delivered to those who work in the manual labor types that sometimes lead to
distortion in communication. Aside from that, their lack of monitoring caused a serious mishap
in SMYPC and affected Skyway Stage 3, which caused a delay in its target completion. Lastly,
their inadequacy of strategic and contingency plans, particularly this COVID-19 pandemic,
resulted in decreased sales and deficit for the company. Despite all the problems that affected
the company due to the pandemic, San Miguel Corporation aims to get back to their normal
operations to provide work for its employees and deliver their goods and services punctually.
Through all the justification that has been obtained during this analysis, it has been
concluded and validated that the alternative course of action which offers the best approach to
the problems of San Miguel Corporation is to promote an environment conducive to open
communication. This is deemed to be the most sensible approach since it not only strengthens
the relationship of the management with team members but also builds an excellent work
environment which increases the morale and engagement of workers. Moreover, this
encourages management to fulfill the needs of employees' belongingness by making them feel
that they are a part of the organization and that their efforts are recognized. After all, effective
communication is not just about being able to present relevant information and insights more
precisely. Communication is also considered to be an important aspect of business, customer
relations, team growth, organizational culture, and participative management. It is not just
about alleviating problems or establishing a more productive team environment. A part of the
organization and that their efforts are recognized. After all, effective communication is not just
about being able to present relevant information and insights more precisely. Communication is
also considered to be an important aspect of business, customer relations, team growth,
organizational culture, and participative management. It is not just about alleviating problems
or establishing a more productive team environment.
Without effective leadership communication in a work environment, the leader cannot
and should not guarantee that the subordinates will be involved and engaged in the workplace,
producing a myriad of other adverse consequences on the success of the organization. In the
turbulent waters brought by the crisis, the recommended course of action merely focuses on
ensuring that the organization will always be in alignment with its strategic goals, values, and
objectives. Numerous corporations in the country nowadays are primarily centered on the
specific results, such as the accumulation of profits and strong brand image. Being one of the
leading companies in the country, San Miguel's sense of purpose puts the importance of the
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value of their employees. This course of actions proposed highlights this aspect as it aims for
the continual progression of the corporation's leadership and decision making.
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References
There are no sources in the current document
Abadilla, D. (2020). Philippine Daily Inquirer. San Miguel Food & Beverage’s Q1 profit down 20%.
Retrieved from: https://business.inquirer.net/298497/san-miguel-food-beverages-q1-
profit-down-20
ABS-CBN News (2020). ABS-CBN News: San Miguel Brewery income down 62 percent in first half
due to pandemic. Retrieved from https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/08/04/20/san-
miguel-brewery-income-down-62-percent-in-first-half-due-to-pandemic
Camus, M.R. (2020). Philippine Daily Inquirer. San Miguel Corp: Skyway Extension accident
delays opening to Feb 2021. Retrieved from https://www.inquirer.net/
Department of Labor and Employment (2019). Bureau of Working Conditions. Occupational
Safety and Health Standards. Retrieved from http://www.oshc.dole.gov.ph/images/OSH-
Standards-2019-Edition.pdf
Johanson, C., Hamrin, S., Miller, V. (2011). Communicative Leadership. Theories, Concepts, and
Central Communication Behaviors, 5-8. Retrieved from
https://sverigeskommunikatorer.se/globalassets/dokument/forskningsrapporter/rapport
-1-eng.pdf
Loyola, J. (2020). Manila Bulletin. SMC incurs P4-B H1 loss due to lockdown. Retrieved from
https://mb.com.ph/2020/08/06/smc-incurs-p4-b-h1-loss-due-to-lockdown/
Rivas, R. (2020). Rappler News. San Miguel still assessing full impact of Skyway Stage 3 fire.
Retrieved from https://www.rappler.com/business/san-miguel-corporation-assessment-
skyway-stage-3-fire-february-1-2020
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Appendices
1. Letters /Correspondences/Pictures
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