Professional Documents
Culture Documents
UNIT 1: AT WORK
2023-02
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CONTENTS
PAGES
UNIT 1: AT WORK
This booklet material was selected, adapted and designed for instructional purposes
and to be used in the classroom and as a study guide for students.
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UNIT 1: AT WORK
LESSON 1: A WORK DAY
GETTING STARTED
B. Now think about your future job. What would you like about your job?
Tick (√)
I’d like … I’d like a job with …
( ) a good salary ( ) flexible working hours
( ) friendly colleagues ( ) opportunities to travel
( ) my own office ( ) opportunities to be promoted
( ) long holidays ( ) holiday pay
( ) a good boss ( ) on-the-job training
( ) job security ( ) sick pay
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VOCABULARY: AT WORK
A. Check your knowledge (√). Choose the best option for the following sentences.
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B. What things do people usually do at work? Match a word or phrase in column A to a
word or phrase in column B. Write the correct number.
A B
1. be in charge ____ a contract
2. work ____ people in need
3. deal with ____ for running a department
4. organize ____ shifts
5. take ____ reports
6. be responsible ____ of an organization
7. sign ____ messages
5. write ____ conferences
DEPARTMENTS OF AN ORGANIZATION
Technical Support - Accounts
Marketing - Sales - Legal
C. Which department from the box usually ……….. Public Relations
Customer Service
DESCRIPTION DEPARTMENT
1. It finds new staff.
2. It maintains the computer system.
3. It arranges the transport of products.
4. This department checks the finished goods.
5. This department is in charge of paying the bills.
6. It buys from suppliers.
7. It organizes courses.
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VOCABULARY: IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR GETTING A JOB
I. Speaking
In your opinion, which factors below are important for getting a job? Choose the seven most
important. Is there anything missing from the list?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
Your position there may require you to have some specific listening or reading skills that
will be necessary for you when attending international conferences, trade shows or
answering telephone calls and video-conferences. Also, you will need to read documents or
even send e-mails.
Having the right certification that measures these skills in a working environment is then
essential and will certainly make a difference in successfully getting a job or not.
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II. Vocabulary & Speaking
For each question in the personality test, choose the statement which is most true or typical of you
in your everyday behavior and then choose which is least true. Indicate your choices by writing M
(for the most), and L (for the least) in another.
Now, match these personality traits to some of the sentences in the personality test above.
3. Have you ever lied in a personality test? Would you lie? Why?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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LESSON 2: GRAMMAR TIME
MODAL VERBS
1. MODALS OF POSSIBILITY
USE OF MODALS: Look at the chart and compare Can, May and Might
Both CAN and MAY can be used to talk about possibility. But there is some difference between them.
CAN is used to talk about theoretical Citizens can create a better world.
possibility (i.e. the situation is only an Accidents can happen all the time.
CAN (Theoretical possibility)
idea but it is not real at the moment for
you). Strikes can happen any time. (It is
possible that strikes happen any time.)
MAY is used to talk about factual If you drive carelessly, you may have an
accident. (Factual possibility)
MAY possibility (i.e. the situation is likely to
There may be a strike next week. (It is
happen). possible that there will be a strike next
week.)
Use MIGHT to express predictions or The local production might decrease this
MIGHT
uncertainty about future situations. year.
Things might not get worse.
EXERCISES
A. Complete the sentences with the correct modal verb “can or can’t”.
2. Children ________ do their homework in class if they don’t want to take it home.
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B. Rewrite the sentences using the modal verb in parenthesis.
2. Perhaps the new social worker will deal with domestic violence
issues. (might)
________________________________________________________
3. Perhaps there will be a meeting with the local community next week. (may)
_______________________________________________________________________
4. Perhaps the resources to help people living in poverty will not be enough. (may not)
_______________________________________________________________________
5. Perhaps you will start by assessing the social environment to delineate appropriate goals.
(may)
_______________________________________________________________________
1. They (can/might) be away for the weekend but I'm not sure.
10. You (can/might) be right but I'm going back to check anyway.
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2. MODALS FOR SUGGESTION, WARNING OR ADVICE: SHOULD/SHOULDN’T
EXERCISES
A. Complete these sentences using SHOULD or SHOULDN’T and a phrase from the box.
be late stay two weeks buy an expensive computer speak to our boss develop a better website
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3. MODALS TO EXPRESS OBLIGATION OR NECESSITY MUST – HAVE TO
A. Look at photos A-C. Choose three phrases from below that you think are true for each job.
B C
A
1. I have to do 72 weeks’ training, but I don’t have to pay for it – the company does.
2. I don’t have to go to university, but I probably learn more street facts than a
university student.
3. I have to get a degree at the university and the training takes seven years.
a) It is necessary to do this.
b) It is not necessary to do this, but you can if you want.
C. Read the following paragraphs about social workers and fill in with must or the correct form
of have to.
This text was extracted and adapted from Gale Science in Context
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Compare: MUST vs. HAVE TO
PRACTICE
Match each item on the left with an item on the right.
2. This report is urgent … ___ b) so you mustn’t forget to back up the files.
3. I can work from home … ___ c) so we don’t have to discuss it any further.
4. This research is too important for me … ___ d) I must stay and finish it today.
5. We lost the database once before … ___ e) so I have to learn some French.
6. I think we are all in agreement … ___ f) so I don’t have to go into the office very often.
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4. MODALS TO EXPRESS PROHIBITION: CAN & BE ALLOWED TO
Use CANNOT (CAN NOT or CAN’T) and BE NOT ALLOWED TO to say we don’t have
permission to do something.
BE ALLOWED TO = FORM
POSITIVE & I am
NEGATIVE: He/she/it is + (not) allowed to + verb infinitive + C.
We/you/they are
Am I
QUESTIONS: Is he/she/it + allowed to + verb infinitive + C + ?
Are we/you/they
EXERCISES
A. Make true sentences about your job. Use CAN / CAN’T / AM ALLOWED TO / I’M NOT ALLOWED TO.
A B C D
E F G H
1. ___ You can’t walk on the grass. 2. ___ You can’t park your car here.
3. ___ You aren’t allowed to smoke here. 4. ___ You can’t drive more than 120 kilometers per hour.
5. ___ You can’t turn right. 6. ___ You can’t turn left.
7. ___ You can’t talk near here. 8. ___ You can smoke here.
9. ___ You are allowed to park your car here. 10. ___ You can eat here.
11. ___ You aren’t allowed to use your cell 12. ___ You can turn right.
phone here.
C. Complete the dialogs about friends talking about some work regulations. Choose verb
phrases from the box.
do you have to - can he - have to - don’t have to - isn’t allowed - has to - can -
doesn’t have to - does he have to - are allowed - can’t - are you allowed
Conversation 1:
A: How many hours a week are you doing in this new job?
B: Oh, probably about 50 or 55.
A: That’s a lot. So, (1) _____________________ work at weekends sometimes?
B: No, I don’t. But I often (2) _________________ work late in the evening because that the only time I
have to answer the emails.
Conversation 2:
A: … What about vacation? (3) _________________ to take them when you want?
B: No, I’m not. I (4) _________________ take any vacation from mid-December to mid-February
because I’m single. Only employees with children (5) _______________________ to take them off in
that period.
A: Is that a problem, then?
B: No, not at all. I like it. It means that I (6) _______________ go on vacation in March or May when
flights and hotels are cheaper.
A: And you (7) __________________ share the beach or swimming pool with hundreds of
schoolchildren!
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Conversation 3:
A: … What about Jimmy? How’s he doing in his new advertising job?
B: He’s really enjoying it. He (8) _________________ work so hard because he’s only working part-time.
But he (9) _________________ to take any vacation this summer because he just started working two
weeks ago. He’ll have to wait until next year.
A: And (10) ____________________ travel a lot in his job?
B: No, not much. He (11) ___________________ spend most of his time in front of a computer.
A: And (12) _________________ choose the days he doesn’t work?
B: No, that’s not possible. The company always wants him on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
D. Complete the chart with information about the work responsibilities of these social science
careers. Write one sentence for each category and do not forget to use MODALS.
An anthropologist
ANTHROPOLOGIST should understand
the human behavior.
COLLEGE
PROFESSOR
ECONOMIST
HISTORIAN
JOURNALIST
LAWYER
POLITICAL SCIENTIST
PSYCHOLOGIST
SOCIOLOGIST
SOCIAL WORKER
SURVEY
RESEARCHER
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SUGGESTED ENGLISH INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE AND WEBSITES FOR FURTHER PRACTICE
Recursos virtuales National Geographic – Cengage Learning disponibles mediante clave institucional.
ucentral 2015
http://www.ucentral.cl/prontusucentral2012/site/edic/base/port/english_program.html
Webgrafía:
www.wordreference.com . www.dictionary.cambridge.org/
- www.ldoceonline.com . www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary
This booklet material was selected, adapted and designed for instructional purposes
and to be used in the classroom and as a study guide for students.
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