REPORTED SPEECH

☆ Câu tường thuật (reported speech) dùng để tường thuật lại nội dung lời nói của người khác bằng
chính ngôn ngữ của mình và không sử dụng dấu trích dẫn.

1. Câu trực tiếp (Direct Speech)

Ví dụ:
-Lucy said, “I’m going to learn to drive.” (Lucy nói, “tôi sẽ đi học lái xe.”)
-Anna said to her customer, “Could you fill in the form, please?” (Anna đã nói với khách
hàng của cô ấy rằng, “bạn có thể vui lòng điền vào biểu mẫu không?”)
Ngoài say (nói) là động từ tường thuật khá phổ biến, một số động từ tường thuật khác thường được sử
dụng, bao gồm: tell (nói), ask (hỏi), instruct (hướng dẫn), explain (giải thích), mention (đề cập),
suggest (đề nghị),…
2. Câu gián tiếp (Reported Speech)
a. Câu tường thuật ở dạng câu hỏi
Người viết/nói có thể tường thuật lại một câu hỏi bằng cách sử dụng các động từ tường thuật ask,

💫
inquire, wonder, hoặc want to know.
Ví dụ: Câu hỏi Wh

Direct Question Reported Question

Where is the Post Office, please? She asked me where the Post Office was.

What are you doing? She asked me what I was doing.

Who was that fantastic man? She asked me who that fantastic man had been.

💫Ví dụ: Câu hỏi Yes/No

S + ask + (O) + if/whether + S + V
S + want to know/ wonder + if/whether + S + V

Direct Question Reported Question

Do you love me? He asked me if I loved him.

Have you ever been to Mexico? She asked me if I had ever been to Mexico.

Are you living here? She asked me if I was living here.

b. Câu tường thuật ở dạng câu mệnh lệnh

Ví dụ:
- Câu trực tiếp: The teacher said to us, “Please wait outside.” (Giáo viên nói với chúng tôi
rằng “xin hãy chờ bên ngoài.”)
- Câu tường thuật: The teacher told us to wait outside. (Giáo viên yêu cầu chúng tôi chờ bên
ngoài.)
 ask/tell + object + to infinitive

Ngoài động từ ask, tell, người học có thể sử dụng các động từ khác biểu thị nghĩa yêu cầu, ra lệnh
(thay cho “say”) bao gồm: order, command, instruct, request

❗Lưu ý:
- Direct speech: John: "I'll be late".
- Reported speech: John said (that) he would be late.

👉
OR John told me (that) he was going to be late.

👉
Với 'tell', ta phải dùng tân ngữ (e.g. 'me', 'you', 'her').
Với 'say', ta KHÔNG dùng tân ngữ.
“John said me that he would be late.”
“John told that he would be late.”

🌟Các bước chuyển câu trực tiếp thành câu tường thuật (Reported speech)
Tense Direct Speech Reported Speech

present simple → past simple I like ice cream She said (that) she liked ice cream.

present continuous → past I am living in London She said (that) she was living in London.
continuous

past simple → past perfect I bought a car She said (that) she had bought a car

past continuous → past perfect I was walking along the She said (that) she had been walking
continuous street along the street.

present perfect → past perfect I haven't seen Julie She said (that) she hadn't seen Julie.

past perfect (giữ nguyên) I had taken English She said (that) she had taken English
lessons before lessons before.

will → would I will see you later She said (that) she would see me later.

would (giữ nguyên) I would help, but... She said (that) she would help but...

can → could I can speak perfect She said (that) she could speak perfect
English English.

could (giữ nguyên) I could swim when I was She said (that) she could swim when she
four was four.

shall → would I shall come later She said (that) she would come later.

should (giữ nguyên) I should call my mother She said (that) she should call her mother

might (giữ nguyên) I might be late She said (that) she might be late
must (giữ nguyên) I must study at the She said (that) she must study at the
weekend weekend

🌞Chuyển đổi các từ chỉ thời gian, địa điểm

Trong câu tường thuật, các mốc thời gian và địa điểm cũng bị thay đổi vì chúng được kể lại
thông qua lời của một người khác. Một số quy tắc thay đổi được tổng hợp trong bảng sau:
Direct Speech Reported Speech

here there

this that

these those

tonight that night

today that day

tomorrow the following day/ the next day

next week/month... the following week/month OR the next week/month

yesterday the day before

last week/month the week/month before OR the previous week/month

I/ Put in 'said' or 'told'.

1. Julie ______________ that she would join us after work.
2. She ______________ me that she was going running this evening.
3. John ______________ us that he couldn't come to the party.
4. John ______________ that he had been to the cinema at the weekend.
5. She ______________ them she wanted to quit.
6. David ______________ he was going to arrive at eight.
7. They ______________ that they didn't want to meet us on Tuesday.
8. I ______________ him I wasn't impressed.
9. Lucy ______________ Julie that she was leaving on Wednesday.
10. We ______________ that we were going on holiday the following week.
11. Jack ______________ my mother he would be in Spain this week.
12. I ______________ that I hated mushrooms.
13. She ______________ she loved chocolate.
14. They ______________ they were meeting Luke today.
15. They ______________ us they were going to the museum this afternoon.
II/ Reported Statements: Present Simple.
1. "I live in New York"
She said ________________________________________________________
2. "He works in a bank"
She told me _____________________________________________________
3. "Julie doesn't like going out much"
She said ________________________________________________________
4. "I don't have a computer"
She said ________________________________________________________
5. "They never arrive on time"
She said ________________________________________________________
6. "We often meet friends in London at the weekend"
He told me _____________________________________________________
7. "David doesn't have any children"
She said ________________________________________________________
8. "I don't go to the gym very often"
She said ________________________________________________________
9. "Lucy owns three flats in the city"
She said ________________________________________________________
10. "I never get up early on Sundays"
She said ________________________________________________________
III/ Reported Statements: Past Simple
1. "I went to the cinema yesterday."
She said ________________________________________________________
2. "Jane left the party early."
She told me _____________________________________________________
3. "I didn't go out at the weekend."
She said ________________________________________________________
4. "He didn't like chocolate as a child."
She said ________________________________________________________
5. "They visited Japan."
She said ________________________________________________________
6. "She didn't buy the dress."
He told me _____________________________________________________
7. "I traveled through India and Pakistan."
She told me _____________________________________________________
8. "He met his girlfriend in a café."
She said ________________________________________________________
9. "David didn't arrive until 10 o'clock."
She said ________________________________________________________
10. "We went to the park to have a picnic."
She told me _____________________________________________________
IV/ Reported Statements: Future Simple
1. "I'll go to the cinema later."
She said ________________________________________________________
2. "We'll meet the children at six."
She said ________________________________________________________
3. "She'll be late."
She said ________________________________________________________
4. "Lucy will definitely come."
She said ________________________________________________________
5. "I will stop smoking on Tuesday."
She told us _____________________________________________________
6. "John won't do it."
She said ________________________________________________________
7. "They won't be able to arrive early."
She said ________________________________________________________
8. "I won't come with you."
She said ________________________________________________________
9. "He won't remember to buy milk."
She said ________________________________________________________
10. "It won't rain later, I'm sure."
She said ________________________________________________________
V/ Change these direct questions into reported speech
1. "Where is he?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
2. "What are you doing?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
3. "Why did you go out last night?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
4. "Who was that beautiful woman?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
5. "How is your mother?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
6. "What are you going to do at the weekend?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
7. "Where will you live after graduation?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
8. "What were you doing when I saw you?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
9. "How was the journey?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
10. "How often do you go to the cinema?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
11. "Do you live in London?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
12. "Did he arrive on time?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
13. "Have you been to Paris?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
14. "Can you help me?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
15. "Are you working tonight?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
16. "Will you come later?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
17. "Do you like coffee?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
18. "Is this the road to the station?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
19. "Did you do your homework?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
20. "Have you studied reported speech before?"
She asked me ______________________________________________________
VI/ Change this direct speech into reported speech.
1. "He works in a bank"
She said ___________________________________________________________
2. "We went out last night"
She told me ________________________________________________________
3. "I'm coming!"
She said ___________________________________________________________
4. "I was waiting for the bus when he arrived"
She told me ________________________________________________________
5. "I'd never been there before"
She said ___________________________________________________________
6. "I didn't go to the party"
She told me ________________________________________________________
7. "Lucy'll come later"
She said ___________________________________________________________
8. "He hasn't eaten breakfast"
She told me ________________________________________________________
9. "I can help you tomorrow"
She said ___________________________________________________________
10. "You should go to bed early"
She told me ________________________________________________________
11. "I don't like chocolate"
She told me ________________________________________________________
12. "I won't see you tomorrow"
She said ___________________________________________________________
13. "She's living in Paris for a few months"
She said ___________________________________________________________
14. "I visited my parents at the weekend"
She told me ________________________________________________________
15. "She hasn't eaten sushi before"
She said ___________________________________________________________
16. "I hadn't traveled by underground before I came to London"
She said ___________________________________________________________
17. "They would help if they could"
She said ___________________________________________________________
18. "I'll do the washing-up later"
She told me ________________________________________________________
19. "He could read when he was three"
She said ___________________________________________________________
20. "I was sleeping when Julie called"
She said ___________________________________________________________