ENGLISH REVIEWER

ADJECTIVES - A critic is a person who expresses a

reasoned opinion

An adjective describes or modifies noun/s

- Criticism is the expression of
and pronoun/s in a sentence. It normally
disapproval of someone based on
indicates quality, size, shape, duration,
mistakes
feelings, contents, and more about a noun
or pronoun.
- Literary Criticism is the study,
discussion, evaluation, and
Descriptive Adjectives
interpretation of literature, it helps us
- Describes nouns and pronouns.
to understand the relationship
Quantitative Adjectives
between authors, readers, and text
- Provides information about the
quantity.
Proper Adjectives
C. Types of Literary Criticism
- An adjective form of proper nouns.
Demonstrative Adjectives
- A formalist approach studies a text
- Directly refers to something or
as only a text, considering its
someone.
features, such as rhymes, cadences,
Possessive Adjectives
and literary devices, in an isolated
- Indicates possession.
way
Interrogative Adjectives
- Asks a question and must follow a
noun. - Reader Response is a critical theory
Indefinite Adjectives that stresses the importance of the
- Provides a noun unspecifically. role of the reader in constructing the
Articles meaning of a work of literature.
- Determines the specification of According to Lois Tyson
nouns. “Reader-response theory maintains
Compound Adjectives that what a text is cannot be
- A combination of two or more words separated from what it does.
that modifies a noun.

LITERARY CRITICISM
- The word “archetype” comes from a
A. Origin
- Krinein means to judge
- Kritos means a judge, was used as
early as the 4th century BCE.
B. Critic, Criticism, and Literary
Criticism
Greek word “achetypos” which
means original pattern. This concept
can be applied to literature through
the identification of recurring concept
or elements of prose and poetry in a
certain text or, in other words,
archetypes. In literature, an
archetype also known as “universal
ENGLISH REVIEWER

- By the 1300 the Guelphs were

symbol”, is a representation of a divided in to two (White Guelphs and
character, an action, a situation, a Black Guelphs)
theme, a symbol or a setting that is - The Black Guelphs seized power in
typical to the eyes of the readers. 1302 which led to Dante being
banished
- Dante married Gemma di Manetto
- Feminist criticism is concerned with Donati and had 4 children (Jacopo,
"the ways in which literature (and Pietro, Giovanni, and Antonia)
other cultural productions) reinforce - Dante fell in love with Beatrice
or undermine the economic, political, Portinari
social, and psychological oppression - Dante died in the city of Ravenna in
of women" central Italy in 1321.
- The Divine Comedy is composed of
14,233 Lines and is divided into
three canticas
- Marxism, which emerged in the
nineteenth century as a result of the
B. Inferno
theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich
- The Divine Comedy begins with
Engels, concerns itself with the
Dante lost in a forest
economic struggles for power
- He encounters three beasts a
between the working class and the
leopard (lust), a lion (pride), and a
ruling class.
she-wolf (covetousness).
-
- Dante met Vergil and they passed
THE DIVINE COMEDY
through the gates of hell inscribed
with the words “Abandon every
A. Dante’s Life hope, Ye that enters.”
- Inspired by Aristotle and Virgil - Beatrice and the Virgin Mary herself
- Dante Alighieri was born in Florence, send the spirit of Vergil to guide
Italy in the year 1265 his mother Dante
(Donna Gabriella Degli Abati) died
and his father (Alighiero di
Bellincione Alighieri) is a notary from
a family loyal to the Guelphs
- The Guelphs supported the Papacy
- The Ghibellines in Tuscany
supported the German power
- Dante fought with the Guelphs as a
cavalryman in the battle of
Campaldino (1289) which led to the
defeat of the Ghibellines
-
ENGLISH REVIEWER

Limbo
- Unbaptized and did not accept god
Lustful
- Tossed around by endless storms
Gluttonous
- Suffer under a cold and filthy rain
Hoarders
- they are rolling enormous weights at
one another
Wrathful
- Immersed in the muddy river of Styx
Heretics
- The heretics lie in fiery tombs
VIOLENT
- Guarded by Minotaur
A. Violence against neighbors
- Immersed in Phlegethon (river of
boiling blood)
B. Violence against themself
- Turned into gnarled thorny bushes of
tree
C. Violence against God, Nature and
Art
- Reside in a desert of flaming sand
with fiery flakes raining from the sky
FRAUDULENT
A. Panderers and Seducers walk in
separate line in opposite direction,
whipped by demons
B. Flatterers are steeped in human
excrement.
D. Sorcerers and false prophets. they
have their heads twisted around on
their bodies backward, so they can
only see what is behind them and
not in the future.
E. Corrupt politicians (barrators) are
immersed in a lake of boiling pitch,
guarded by devils, the
Malebranche
F. Hypocrites listlessly walking along
wearing gold-gilded lead cloaks.
G. Thieves are bitten by snakes.
Snakes bites make them undergo
various transformations and some
resrrected after being turnedto
ashes.
H. Evil counsellors are encased in
individual flames
I. A sword-wieldded devil hacks at
the sowers of discord. As their
wounds heal, the devil will tear
their bodies again.
J. Groups of various sort of falsifiers
are afflicted with different types of
diseases.

C. Simoniacs those who committed

simony are place head first in
holes in the rock, with flames
burning on the soles of their feet.
ENGLISH REVIEWER

TRAITORS
A. Traitors to their Kindred
- Caina
- Ice up to their neck
B. Traitors to their Country
- Antenora
- Same as those in Caina but is
unable to move their necks
C. Traitors to their Guests
- Ptolomaea
- Immobilized in ice and their tears
are frozen against their eyes
D. Traitors to their Lords
- Judecca
-