 Seven levels of listening:

1) Ignoring listening - This is when the listener is physically

present but not mentally engaged in the conversation.
Ignoring listening can lead to misunderstandings and
miscommunications. The listener may miss important
information or fail to understand the speaker's
perspective.

Example:
Day before yesterday someone was telling me the fake
story but I knew the real story so I just ignore it.

2) Pretend listening - The listener is pretending to listen,

but their mind is elsewhere and not really focused on the
speaker. like if you are not in a mood of listening you just
nods your head or says "uh-huh or hm" without actually
knowing what they are saying
Example:
I was doing my assignment yesterday and my cousin
came to my room and start talking so I was just nodding
my head and pretend like I am listening
 3) Selective listening - The listener is only paying attention to
certain parts of the conversation, filtering out the rest.
Example:
whenever I use youtube to watch the video I skip the
introduction part and I only watch he selective part of the
video

4) Attentive listening - The listener is fully focused on the

speaker and paying attention to everything being said.
Attentive listening builds stronger relationship by showing
that one cares about the speaker's thoughts and feelings It
can resolve conflicts by ensuring that both sides feel heard
and understood.
Examples:
I listen carefully to a teacher's instructions in order to
complete an assignment correctly.

5) Informative Listening - when someone listens to gain

information or learn something new. It involves analyzing
and processing the information being shared
. Examples:
I was attending a seminar with my father to gain
knowledge about a particular topic.
 6) Empathetic listening - The listener is not only fully
engaged, but they are also trying to understand the
speaker's point of view and feelings. it is free of
distraction, like your phone or other people, and actively
listening to what the person is saying. It is being non
judgmental This can be expressed through nonverbal cues
like nodding, maintaining eye contact, and using a
comforting tone of voice.
Example:
My friend is going through a tough time and wants to get
rid of it. I listen her attentively, ask questions to clarify her
feelings, and offer words of support and encouragement

7) Appreciative listening - The listener is fully engaged and

enjoying the conversation, but not necessarily trying to
understand or solve anything. This type of listening is
often used in situations such as enjoying music or a
story.
Example:
My teacher is an appreciative listener when I was delivering
a presentation she was appreciating me by her gestures

 7C’s of Communication
The 7 C's of communication are a set of principles
that can guide individuals in communicating
effectively. They are as follows:

1) Completeness: This refers to ensuring that the

message being conveyed contains all the necessary
information and details required by the receiver. A
complete message is more likely to be understood
and acted upon.

2) Clarity: This refers to the message being clear and

easy to understand. A clear message is one that is
free of confusion and ambiguity.

3) Conciseness: This refers to the message being

brief and to the point, without unnecessary details. A
concise message is more likely to be remembered
and acted upon.

4) Courtesy: This refers to the message being polite,

respectful, and considerate of the receiver's feelings
and needs. A courteous message can help to build
and maintain relationships.

5) Consideration: This refers to taking into account

the receiver's perspective and needs when
communicating. A considerate message can help to
establish empathy and understanding.

6) Correctness: This refers to the message being

accurate and error-free in terms of grammar,
punctuation, and spelling. A correct message can
help to establish credibility and trust.

7) Concreteness: This refers to the message being

specific and tangible, rather than vague or abstract. A
concrete message is more likely to be understood
and acted upon.

In summary, the 7 C's of communication are essential

principles for effective communication. They can help
to ensure that messages are complete, clear,
concise, courteous, considerate, correct, and
concrete.
 Steps Of Presentation:
1. Identify your purpose: The first step in preparing a
presentation is to determine your purpose or
objective. This will help you to focus your content and
ensure that your presentation is
relevant(proper,applicable) to your audience.
Consider what you want your audience to learn or
take away from your presentation.

2. Do your research: Once you have identified your

purpose, you need to conduct research on your topic
to gather information that supports your message.
This may include reading articles, books, or research
studies, as well as consulting with experts in the field.

3. Choose your main focus and supporting points:

Based on your research, choose the main focus of
your presentation and supporting points that will help
to illustrate and reinforce(strengthen,boost) your
message. Make sure to select information that is
relevant and interesting to your audience.

4. Create an outline: An outline is a framework that

organizes your ideas and helps you to structure your
presentation. Use your main focus and supporting
points to create an outline that is easy to follow and
clearly conveys your message.
5. Write the start and finish: The start of your
presentation should grab your audience's attention
and introduce your topic, while the finish should
summarize your main points and leave your audience
with a clear takeaway message. These are the two
most important parts of your presentation, so make
sure to spend extra time crafting(creating) them.

6. Write the rest of your slides: Once you have your

outline and main points, start writing the rest of your
presentation. Use clear, concise language and focus
on delivering your message in an engaging way.
Make sure to include supporting visuals, such as
images or charts, to help illustrate your points.

By following these steps, you can prepare a well-

organized and effective presentation that will engage
your audience and effectively convey your message.
Remember to practice your presentation several
times before delivering it to ensure that you are
confident and comfortable with your material.
 Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing is the process of restating or rephrasing
someone else's ideas or words in your own words,
while keeping the original meaning intact.it is a
valuable skill in writing and academic work,The goal
of paraphrasing is to present information in a fresh
and unique way without changing the core meaning
of the original content.

 Techniques for paraphrasing include:

1. Synonym replacement: replacing words in the

original text with synonyms or similar words to convey
the same meaning.

2. Sentence restructuring: reordering the sentences

or changing the grammatical structure of the original
text.

3. Changing the voice: converting the passive voice

to the active voice or vice versa.

4. Changing the order of ideas: presenting the ideas

in a different order to create a new and unique
perspective.
 Characteristics of paraphrasing include:
Sure, I'd be happy to explain in detail the
characteristics of paraphrasing!

1) Translation:
Paraphrasing involves taking a piece of text or
speech and rephrasing it in your own words while
retaining the original meaning. The key feature of
paraphrasing is that it should not change the original
message or intent of the speaker or writer. This
means that a good paraphrase requires a deep
understanding of the original content and the ability to
communicate it effectively in your own words.

2) Fullness:
Another important characteristic of paraphrasing is
fullness, which means that you must convey the full
meaning of the original text or speech in your
paraphrase. This involves not only understanding the
literal meaning of the words used, but also the
context in which they are used, including the tone,
intended audience, and purpose of the original
message.

3) Wholeness:
Finally, wholeness is a key characteristic of effective
paraphrasing. This means that you should not simply
 cherry-pick certain parts of the original message to
paraphrase, but rather aim to convey the entirety of
the message in your own words. This involves
understanding the structure of the original text or
speech and organizing your paraphrase in a way that
reflects that structure.

In summary, effective paraphrasing requires

translation, fullness, and wholeness in order to
convey the original message accurately and
effectively in your own words.

1. Translation: The process of paraphrasing involves

translating the original content into your own words,
while maintaining the same meaning.

2. Fullness: Paraphrasing should include all the

important information and key ideas of the original
content.

3. Wholeness: The paraphrase should present the

complete meaning of the original content and not just
a partial view of the ideas.

 Five steps of paraphrasing include:

 1. Understand the original text: Read the original text
thoroughly to ensure you understand its meaning.

2. Identify key points: Identify the main ideas and key

points of the original text that you want to include in
your paraphrased version.

3. Use different words and sentence structure: Use

your own words and sentence structure to restate the
original text, while keeping the same meaning.

4. Check for accuracy: Ensure that your paraphrase

accurately reflects the original meaning of the text.

5. Cite the original source: Always include a citation

to the original source to give credit to the original
author or creator.

 Difference between debate and speech:

Debate and speech are both forms of communication,
but they differ in their structure, purpose, and style.
 DEBATE:
Debate involves two or more people presenting
opposing views on a specific topic or issue. Each side is
given the opportunity to argue their position, provide
evidence, and refute the opposing side's arguments.
The goal of a debate is to persuade the audience to
adopt one position over the other. Debates often involve
formal rules and procedures, such as time limits,
rebuttals, and cross-examination.
 SPEECH:
On the other hand, a speech is a more one-sided form
of communication where a speaker presents their ideas,
thoughts, or beliefs on a topic or issue to an audience.
The speaker may use various techniques, such as
storytelling, statistics, or emotional appeals, to persuade
or inform the audience. The goal of a speech can be to
inspire, motivate, educate, or entertain the audience.

In summary, the main difference between debate and

speech is that debate involves opposing views and
arguments from multiple sides, while a speech is a more
one-sided presentation of a speaker's ideas or beliefs.
Debates focus on persuading the audience to adopt one
position over another, while speeches can have a range
of goals, from informing to inspiring.

 Key elements
Sure, here are the key elements of a debate with
definitions:
1. Debate: A formal discussion between two opposing
sides on a particular topic or issue, where each side
presents arguments in support of their position.

2. Argument: A statement or set of statements put

forward to support a claim or position.

3. Resolution: The topic or issue that is being

debated, which is usually presented as a statement
that one side will argue for and the other side will
argue against.

4. Evidence: Facts, statistics, expert opinions, and

other information used to support an argument or
position.

5. Counter-argument: An argument made by one side

in response to the other side's argument, usually
attempting to weaken or refute it.

These elements are crucial to a successful debate,

as they provide structure and guidelines for
presenting and defending arguments, and ensuring
that both sides have equal opportunity to make their
case. The use of evidence and counter-arguments is
particularly important, as they help to establish the
credibility and strength of each side's position.