DEFINITION MECHANISM

CLASSIFICATION
Abnormal accumulation of
lipid in cells (either
temporary or permanent)
and may cause harm to cell,
leading to cell injury
Accumulation due to excess
- Triglycerides production of normal lipid
- Cholesterol at normal or increased rate
- Phospholipids but their metabolism is
inadequate at the rate.

DEFINITION
Abnormal accumulation of
DEFINITION protein in cells (either
Colored substances, some LIPIDS temporary or permanent)
which are normal constituents and may cause cellular
of cells, whereas others are injury, leading in some
abnormal and accumulate in instances to deth of the
cells under special tissue and the patient
circumstances
PIGMENTS
Accumulation CLASSIFICATION

CLASSIFICATION of substance PROTEINS - Vacuoles

- Eosinophilic droplets
- Extragenous
- Aggregates in cytolasm
- Endogenous

MECHANISM
Deficiency of enzyme
responsible for breaking
down some compounds
causing endogenous
materials to accumulate in
lysosomes.
Cells are unable to
degrade phagocytosed
particles in exogenous
pigment accumulation.
MECHANISM
Accumulation of protein
since they are not
GLYCOGEN MECHANISM metabolized due to lack of
enzymes that block specific
Enzymatic defescts in the metabolic pathway
glycogen breakdown or
synthesis, thus glycogen is
found in renal tubular
CLASSIFICATION epithelial cells, as well as
DEFINITION
Glucose metabolism within liver cells, B cells of
Excess intracellular the islets of Langerhans
disorder in diabetes
deposits of glycogen within the pancreas
mellitus
 Smooth muscle cells and macrophages within the intimal layer of the aorta
Definition and large arteries are filled with lipid vacuoles, most of which contain
cholesterol and cholesterol esters.

High cholesterol and triglyceride levels, high blood pressure, smoking,

Risk factor diabetes, obesity, physical activity, eating saturated fats
Atherosclerosis

Some of these fat-laden cells may rupture, releasing cholesterol and

Pathogenesis cholesterol esters into the extracellular space, where they may form
crystals.

Filled with lipid vacuoles, have a foamy appearance, aggregates of them in

Morphology the intima produce the yellow cholesterol-laden atheromas.

Coronary heart disease.

Complication

Carotid artery disease.

 DEFINITION
The abnormal tissue
deposition of calcium
salts, together with
smaller amounts of
iron, magnesium, and
other mineral salts.

Dystrophic calcification.
It commonly develops in
PATHOLOGIC aging or damaged heart
valves, further hampering
CALCIFICATION their function
CLASSIFICATION
1) Dystrophic calcification :
Deposition of calcium at sites
of cell injury and necrosis.
2) Metastatic calcification :
Deposition of calcium in
normal tissues, caused by
hypercalcemia (usually a Metastatic calcification.
consequence of parathyroid
Occur whenever there is
hormone excess)
hypercalcemia but
principally affects the
interstitial tissues of the
gastric mucosa, kidneys,
lungs, systemic arteries,
and pulmonary veins.