Unit 17.

4-unit activity

a. Having a positive self-image is beneficial in many ways. It boosts self-confidence, improves mental
health, and enhances overall well-being. When individuals have a positive perception of themselves,
they are more likely to take on new challenges, pursue their goals, and handle setbacks effectively.
Positive self-image is influenced by external factors such as:

1. Social Interactions: Positive feedback, encouragement, and support from family, friends, and peers
can contribute to a positive self-image. Conversely, negative or critical comments can erode self-
confidence.

2. Media and Society: Media portrayals of beauty standards, success, and societal expectations can
shape how individuals perceive themselves. Unrealistic ideals and comparisons to others can negatively
impact self-image.

3. Personal Achievements: Accomplishments and recognition for one's skills and abilities can reinforce a
positive self-image. Conversely, repeated failures or lack of recognition can undermine self-confidence.

4. Environment and Culture: Cultural norms, values, and societal attitudes towards individual differences
and personal attributes can influence self-perception. Acceptance and inclusivity foster positive self-
image, while discrimination or marginalization can have a negative impact.

b. Conducting a personal SWOT analysis can help identify strengths and abilities. SWOT stands for
Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. Here's how to identify strengths and abilities:

1. Strengths: Reflect on your positive qualities, skills, and talents. Consider what you excel at, what
comes naturally to you, and the areas where you have received positive feedback.

2. Abilities: Identify the specific abilities or competencies that you possess. These can include both
technical skills related to your field of expertise and soft skills such as communication, leadership,
problem-solving, or creativity.

c. Strategies to motivate oneself may vary from person to person, but here are a few common
techniques:

1. Set Clear Goals: Clearly define your goals and break them down into manageable tasks. Having a clear
direction provides motivation and a sense of purpose.

2. Create a Positive Environment: Surround yourself with positive influences, whether it's supportive
friends, inspiring books or podcasts, or a clutter-free workspace. A positive environment can boost
motivation.

3. Celebrate Progress: Acknowledge and celebrate your achievements and milestones along the way.
Rewarding yourself for small victories can keep you motivated and build momentum.

4. Visualize Success: Visualize yourself accomplishing your goals and experiencing the positive outcomes.
This technique can help maintain focus and motivation, especially during challenging times.
5. Seek Inspiration: Find role models or mentors who have achieved what you aspire to accomplish.
Their success stories and advice can serve as a source of motivation and guidance.

d. Setting SMART goals for personal development and studies ensures that they are Specific,
Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. Here's an example:

Specific: "Improve my public speaking skills."

Measurable: "Speak at least once in front of an audience every month."

Achievable: "Attend public speaking workshops and practice regularly."

Relevant: "Enhancing public speaking skills will benefit my career."

Time-bound: "Deliver a presentation at a professional conference within six months."

e. Attitudes, values, and skills that impact positively on the achievement of goals in relation to goal-
setting include:

1. Positive Attitude: A positive mindset, optimism, and resilience contribute to perseverance, problem-
solving, and bouncing back from setbacks.

2. Strong Work Ethic: Having a strong.

Punctuality and due dates are essential for maintaining order, efficiency, and accountability in various
aspects of life. Whether it's in personal relationships, education, or professional settings, adhering to
punctuality and meeting due dates plays a crucial role. Here are some key reasons why punctuality and
due dates are important:

1. Respect and Consideration: Being punctual and meeting deadlines demonstrates respect for other
people's time and commitments. It shows that you value and appreciate their efforts, and you
understand the importance of honoring agreements and schedules.

2. Effective Time Management: Punctuality helps individuals develop effective time management skills.
By being punctual, you prioritize tasks, allocate appropriate time for each activity, and work more
efficiently. This enables you to accomplish more within a given timeframe and avoid unnecessary delays
or procrastination.

3. Improved Productivity and Efficiency: Meeting deadlines promotes productivity and efficiency. When
you complete tasks on time, you avoid unnecessary bottlenecks and delays that can hinder progress. It
allows for smooth workflow, effective collaboration, and the achievement of goals within a set
timeframe.

4. Professionalism and Reliability: Punctuality is a hallmark of professionalism and reliability. Employers

and colleagues value individuals who consistently meet deadlines, as it demonstrates their commitment,
dependability, and ability to deliver results. This enhances your professional reputation and increases
trust in your capabilities.
5. Reduced Stress and Anxiety: Procrastination and chronic lateness can lead to increased stress and
anxiety. By being punctual and meeting due dates, you eliminate the last-minute rush and the
associated stress that comes with it. This promotes a more relaxed and focused mindset, allowing you to
deliver your best work.

6. Building Trust and Credibility: Consistently meeting deadlines and being punctual helps build trust and
credibility with others. Whether it's with friends, family, colleagues, or clients, your ability to fulfill your
commitments on time fosters trust and confidence in your reliability. This can lead to stronger
relationships and increased opportunities.

7. Personal Growth and Discipline: Developing punctuality and meeting due dates requires discipline and
self-accountability. It helps cultivate a strong work ethic, self-motivation, and a sense of responsibility.
These qualities contribute to personal growth and success in various areas of life.

f. Factors that can impact negatively on the achievement of goals can include lack of planning, lack of
motivation, distractions, external influences, and unforeseen circumstances. Contingency measures can
be put in place to overcome these obstacles. For example, setting specific, realistic, and achievable
goals, creating a detailed action plan, staying motivated by rewarding yourself for milestones achieved,
eliminating distractions (such as turning off notifications or creating a dedicated workspace), seeking
support or guidance from others, and developing resilience to cope with unexpected challenges.

g. Punctuality and meeting due dates are crucial because they demonstrate respect for others' time and
commitments, and they promote efficiency and productivity. Being punctual shows professionalism and
reliability, which can positively impact your reputation and relationships. Meeting due dates is essential
for project completion, maintaining good relationships with colleagues or clients, and avoiding added
stress or penalties associated with missed deadlines. It also helps to create a sense of structure and
discipline in managing tasks and responsibilities.

h. Procrastination can have several negative effects. It can lead to increased stress and anxiety as
deadlines approach, lower quality of work due to rushing or insufficient time for thorough planning and
execution, missed opportunities, and damaged relationships with peers or superiors. Procrastination can
also contribute to a cycle of delay and self-doubt, leading to decreased motivation and decreased overall
productivity. It is important to recognize these negative effects and develop strategies to overcome
procrastination.

i. To draft a study timetable, consider the following steps:

1. Assess your current commitments: Identify your other responsibilities, such as work, family, or
extracurricular activities.

2. Prioritize your subjects or tasks: Determine which subjects require more time and attention based on
their importance or difficulty level.
3. Allocate study time: Divide your available study time into manageable blocks, such as 30 minutes to 2
hours, depending on your preference and concentration span.

4. Create a weekly plan: Assign specific subjects/tasks to each study block, making sure to distribute the
load evenly. Consider including breaks to avoid burnout.

5. Review and adjust: Regularly evaluate your timetable's effectiveness and make adjustments as
needed. Be flexible and adaptable to changes in your schedule or unforeseen circumstances.

j. Tracking your progress is essential for staying on top of your goals and ensuring accountability. Here
are some ways to track your progress:

1. Use a planner or calendar: Record your scheduled study sessions, assignments, and deadlines to have
a visual overview of your tasks.

2. Set milestones: Break down your goals into smaller, measurable milestones. Track your progress by
checking off completed tasks or milestones.

3. Use productivity tools: Many digital apps and tools are available to help track your progress, set
reminders, and provide insights into your study habits.

4. Reflect and evaluate: Regularly assess your progress and identify areas where you can improve. This
allows you to make necessary adjustments to your study plan or approach.

5. Seek accountability: Share your goals and progress with someone else, such as a study partner or
mentor, who can provide support, motivation, and hold you accountable.

18.4 Unit Activity

a. SAFETY RISKS AT SCHOOL CAN VARY DEPENDING ON THE SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENT, BUT SOME
COMMON RISKS INCLUDE:

1. Slips, trips, and falls: These can occur due to wet floors, cluttered walkways, or uneven surfaces.

2. Fire hazards: Faulty electrical systems, improperly stored flammable materials, or blocked fire exits
can pose a risk.

3. Chemical hazards: Improper storage or handling of chemicals in science labs or cleaning supplies can
be dangerous.

4. Playground injuries: Lack of supervision, faulty equipment, or inadequate safety measures on the
playground can lead to accidents.

5. Bullying and violence: School environments may have risks associated with bullying, physical fights, or
other forms of violence.
6. Sports-related injuries: Insufficient safety equipment or improper supervision during physical
education or sports activities can increase the risk of injuries.

7. Emergency situations: Natural disasters, such as earthquakes or severe weather, can pose safety risks
if schools are not adequately prepared.

b. TO PREVENT UNSAFE SITUATIONS AT SCHOOL, THE FOLLOWING MEASURES CAN BE TAKEN:

1. Regular safety inspections: Conduct routine inspections to identify and address potential hazards.

2. Maintenance and repairs: Promptly repair any damaged equipment, fixtures, or facilities to prevent
accidents.

3. Clear walkways and emergency exits: Keep hallways and emergency exits clear of obstacles to
minimize the risk of slips, trips, and falls.

4. Fire safety measures: Install and maintain fire alarms, fire extinguishers, and smoke detectors.
Conduct fire drills regularly and educate staff and students about fire safety procedures.

5. Chemical safety: Ensure proper storage and handling of chemicals, and provide appropriate training to
staff and students.

6. Playground safety: Regularly inspect playground equipment, provide adequate supervision, and
maintain proper safety measures such as soft surfaces under play structures.

7. Bullying prevention: Implement anti-bullying policies, provide education on respectful behavior, and
encourage reporting of bullying incidents.

8. Sports safety: Provide appropriate safety equipment for sports activities and ensure proper
supervision by trained staff.

9. Emergency preparedness: Develop and practice emergency response plans for various scenarios,
including natural disasters and lockdown situations.

c. IN AN EMERGENCY AT SCHOOL, IT IS IMPORTANT TO FOLLOW THESE GENERAL STEPS:

1. Stay calm: Try to remain calm and focused, as panic can hinder your ability to respond effectively.

2. Assess the situation: Quickly evaluate the nature and severity of the emergency.

3. Follow instructions: Listen to and follow the instructions of teachers, administrators, or emergency
personnel.

4. Evacuate if necessary: If evacuation is required, follow designated evacuation routes and assembly
points.

5. Seek shelter: In certain emergencies, such as severe weather, take shelter in designated safe areas.
6. Help others: If it is safe to do so, assist those who need help, particularly individuals with disabilities
or injuries.

7. Communicate: If possible, use communication channels or emergency systems to inform authorities

or loved ones about your status and location.

8. Follow procedures: Follow the established emergency procedures of the school, as they may vary
depending on the type of emergency.

d. To create a safety place for a school, consider the following steps:

1. Identify a suitable location: Choose an area within the school premises that is easily accessible and
provides appropriate shelter from potential hazards.

2. Conduct a risk assessment: Assess the potential risks specific to the school's location and
environment, such as natural disasters, and design the safety place accordingly.

3. Ensure structural integrity: Ensure that the chosen location is structurally sound and can withstand
potential hazards.

4. Stock emergency supplies: Equip the safety place with essential emergency supplies, such as first aid
kits, emergency food, water, flashlights, and blankets.

5. Provide clear signage: Clearly mark the location of the safety place with visible signs to guide students,
staff, and visitors during emergencies.

6. Train staff and students: Educate staff and students about the purpose and use of the safety place, as
well as the procedures to follow during emergencies.

7. Regular drills and practice: Conduct drills and practice sessions to familiarize everyone with the
location and procedures associated with the safety place.

8. Review and update: Periodically review and update the safety place based on any changes in the
school's infrastructure or emergency response plans.

19.3 Unit Activity

a. IDENTIFYING RESPONSIBILITIES WITH EACH HUMAN RIGHT AS STATED IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN BILL
OF RIGHTS:
1. Right to equality: It is the responsibility of individuals to treat others with fairness, respect, and
dignity, regardless of their race, gender, religion, or other characteristics. This includes refraining from
discriminatory actions and promoting equal opportunities for all.

2. Right to human dignity: Individuals have a responsibility to respect the inherent dignity of every
person. This means treating others with kindness, empathy, and consideration, and refraining from
actions that humiliate, degrade, or violate the dignity of others.

3. Right to freedom and security of the person: It is the responsibility of individuals to respect the
personal freedom and security of others. This includes refraining from acts of violence, coercion, or any
other form of infringement on the personal liberties and safety of others.

4. Right to privacy: Individuals have a responsibility to respect the privacy of others. This means not
intruding on someone's personal space, possessions, or confidential information without their consent.

5. Right to freedom of expression: It is the responsibility of individuals to respect the right of others to
express their opinions and ideas freely. This includes promoting open dialogue, tolerating diverse
viewpoints, and refraining from suppressing or silencing the speech of others.

6. Right to freedom of religion, belief, and opinion: Individuals have a responsibility to respect the
religious beliefs, opinions, and convictions of others. This includes refraining from imposing one's own
beliefs on others and creating an environment that encourages religious tolerance and freedom of
thought.

7. Right to access to information: It is the responsibility of individuals to respect and promote the right
of others to access information. This includes supporting transparency, accountability, and the free flow
of information, and refraining from censorship or the deliberate withholding of information.

8. Right to just administrative action: Individuals have a responsibility to ensure that administrative
actions are fair, accountable, and transparent. This includes holding public officials accountable for their
actions, promoting good governance, and refraining from corrupt practices.

9. Right to property: It is the responsibility of individuals to respect the property rights of others. This
includes refraining from theft, destruction, or unauthorized use of other people's property.

10. Right to education: Individuals have a responsibility to promote and support access to quality
education for all. This includes advocating for equal educational opportunities, valuing and respecting
teachers and learners, and actively participating in the learning process.

b. ATTRIBUTES OF A GOOD SOUTH AFRICAN CITIZEN WITH REFERENCE TO ROLE MODELS:

Good South African citizens exhibit attributes such as:

1. Respect for diversity: They value and respect the diverse cultures, languages, religions, and
backgrounds that make up South African society.

2. Active citizenship: They actively participate in the democratic processes of the country, such as voting,
engaging in community projects, and voicing their opinions on matters of public interest.

3. Social responsibility: They take responsibility for the well-being of their communities and actively
contribute to their improvement through volunteering, community service, and acts of kindness.

4. Ethical behavior: They adhere to a strong moral compass and act with integrity, honesty, and
transparency in their personal and professional lives.

5. Empathy and compassion: They show understanding, empathy, and compassion towards others,
particularly those who are marginalized, disadvantaged, or in need of assistance.

6. Environmental consciousness: They are aware of the importance of environmental sustainability and
take actions to protect and conserve the environment, such as recycling, reducing waste, and promoting
sustainable practices.

7. Respect for the rule of law: They abide by the laws of the country and respect law enforcement
agencies, recognizing that an orderly and just society depends on the rule of law.

8. Positive role modeling: They serve as positive role models for others, inspiring and motivating fellow
citizens to act in ways that contribute to the betterment of society.

c. WAYS TO PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT AT THE UNIVERSITY:

1. Implement recycling programs: Set up recycling bins across the campus for paper, plastic, glass, and
other recyclable materials. Educate students and staff about the importance of recycling and provide
clear guidelines on what can be recycled.

2. Promote energy conservation: Encourage energy-saving practices such as turning off lights and
electronics when not in use, using energy-efficient appliances and lighting, and optimizing heating and
cooling systems.

3. Reduce water consumption: Raise awareness about the importance of water conservation and
promote practices such as fixing leaking taps, using water-efficient fixtures, and encouraging shorter
showers.

4. Encourage sustainable transportation: Promote alternative transportation options such as biking,

walking, carpooling, or using public transportation to reduce carbon emissions from vehicles.

5. Establish green spaces: Create and maintain green spaces on campus, including gardens, parks, and
rooftop gardens, to enhance biodiversity, improve air quality, and provide a natural environment for
students and staff.
6. Incorporate sustainability into the curriculum: Integrate environmental sustainability topics into
various disciplines and encourage research and projects related to environmental conservation and
sustainable practices.

7. Engage in community outreach: Collabord. Ethical and moral behavior refers to the principles and
values that guide individuals in making decisions and determining what is right or wrong in their actions
and interactions with others. It involves adhering to a set of moral standards and behaving in a manner
that is considered just, fair, and honorable.

Ethical behavior encompasses actions that are in line with moral principles, such as honesty, integrity,
and respect for the rights and dignity of others. It involves treating others with fairness, empathy, and
compassion, and considering the potential consequences of one's actions on others.

Moral behavior, on the other hand, relates to the individual's personal beliefs and values about what is
right or wrong. It is shaped by cultural, religious, and societal norms, as well as individual conscience.
Moral behavior often overlaps with ethical behavior, as both involve making choices that align with
one's values and principles.

Practicing ethical and moral behavior means acting in accordance with these principles in both personal
and professional contexts. It involves making decisions based on an understanding of ethical principles,
considering the potential impact on others, and taking responsibility for one's actions.

e. RESPONSIBILITIES AND DUTIES AS A UNIVERSITY STUDENT WITH REFERENCE TO BURSARIES AND

OTHER FUNDING:

As a university student, there are several responsibilities and duties related to bursaries and other forms
of funding, including parental funding. These include:

1. Academic performance: It is your responsibility to maintain satisfactory academic performance to

uphold the conditions of the bursary or funding. This may involve meeting specific grade requirements,
attending classes regularly, and submitting assignments and examinations on time.

2. Compliance with funding requirements: You have a duty to comply with any specific requirements or
conditions set by the bursary or funding provider. This may include maintaining a specific course load,
pursuing a particular field of study, or participating in specific activities or programs.

3. Responsible use of funds: It is your responsibility to use the funds provided for their intended
purpose. This may involve budgeting and managing your finances wisely, ensuring that the funds are
allocated appropriately for educational expenses such as tuition fees, textbooks, and other necessary
resources.

4. Reporting and accountability: You may have a duty to provide regular reports or updates to the
funding provider on your academic progress and any other stipulated requirements. This helps maintain
transparency and accountability in the use of funds.
5. Timely communication: It is important to communicate with the funding provider promptly regarding
any changes in circumstances that may affect your eligibility or ability to fulfill the requirements. This
could include changes in academic status, financial situation, or personal circumstances.

6. Appreciation and gratitude: Demonstrating appreciation and gratitude towards the funding provider,
such as writing thank-you letters or expressing gratitude in other appropriate ways, is a responsible and
courteous practice.

7. Seek additional funding opportunities: As a responsible student, you may explore and apply for other
funding opportunities that can supplement or complement the existing bursary or funding. This
demonstrates resourcefulness and a proactive approach to funding your education.