These movements played an

ac ve role in the making of

Educa onal Movements Of Muslim Subcon nent Pakistan
Saved Muslims and Bri shers
in War
III.Nadwat ul Ulema I.Aligarh Movement He wanted the Bri sh- Muslim
Sir Syed Ahmed Rela onship to evolve
1.Background 1.Background Khan
First Indian member of Legisla ve assembly
i. Tussle between Dar ul Aloom and Aligarh movement i.Post 1857 War,muslims considered reason for mu ny
ii.Need to reconcile muslims ii.Economic denigra on of muslims ; no jobs for Muslims

iii.Presented a liberal view of Islam iii.Social disrespect; People leaving Islam

iv. Abdul Ghafoor created the ins tu on iv.Hindus u lizing the opportunity for own gains ; Making
Muslim scapegoats
v.Sectarian problems in muslims
v.Bri sh antoganism and Muslim inflexibility
2.Services
vi.Fear -- Aloofness(from Poli cs)
i. Quran and Sunnah interpreta on needed
Trinity
vii.Enemy -- Loyalty
ii.Unity and brotherhood ; against sectarianism Theory
viii.Incapable -- Western Knowledge
iii.Need to accept western educa on and Islamic educa on

iv.Quran and Sunnah interpreta on needed 2.Services

v.Unity and brotherhood A.Literary Service

vi. Need to accept Western educa on and Islamic educa on i.Wrote 'Reasons of the 1857 revolt' to correct percep ons of
Muslims regarding the war ; Give Muslims Jobs and
vii. Countered Shudhi Movement Representa on
viii. Dar ul Musanifin for promo ng authors of Islam ii. wrote Tahdib ul Akhlaq to correct the image of Islam ; Islam is
Leaders like Shibli peaceful and compa ble with Bri sh values

B.Poli cal Service

i. Hindu Urdu controversy ; Hindu proposed Hindi as na onal

language

ii.Two Na on Theory Sir Syed vision was to make Muslims get

good rela onship with Bri shers and then
iii.Created future leaders like Liaquat Ali Khan, Abul Kalam Azad step into Poli cs
iv.Opposi on to congress ; fear of Hindu dominance in future

v.AMEC(Anglo Mohammadan Educa onal Conference) as a

precursor to AIML(All Indian Muslim League)

C.Educa onal Service

i. MAO(Muhammadan Anglo Oriented) College created

ii.AMEC in 1886

iii.Aligarh University in 1920

D.Economic Service

i.Allowed muslims to achieve be er jobs

ii.Access to western educa on

iii."Ignore is the mother of poverty" - Sir Syed

3.Importance

i. Two Na on Theory

ii. Removal of mistrust

iii.Poli cal representa on ; AIML

iv.Urdu promoted

v.New leaders from MAO and Aligarh

vi.Acquisi on of knowledge

"Ignore is the mother of poverty" - sir syed

II.Dar ul Aloom Deoband

1.Background

i. Aligarh Movement promo ng western educa on

ii.Chris an missionaries threatening Islam

iii.Need to expand the sphere of Islam

iv. Maulvi Fazl ur Rehman and Zulfiqar Ali establishing madrassa

educa on

2.Services

i.Translated Quran to Urdu

ii.Dar ul Fatah to promoted socio economic prosperity of

muslims

iii. Social development through suppor ng widows and women

rights.
iv. Hindu movement countered ;Shuddhi movement , Bakh
movement

v.Interna onal popularity

vi. New leaders like Shah Kashmir and Ashraf thanwi