BIRLA BHARATI

HALF YEARLY EXAMINATION 2022

SOCIAL SCIENCE (087)
MARKING SCHEME
CLASS X
Max. Marks 80

GROUP A
Q. No. EXPECTED ANSWER / VALUE POINTS Marks
1 (c) Abolition of State imposed restriction 1
2. (c) Poona Pact 1
3 (b) Gandhiji felt the movement was turning violent in many places. 1
4 (a) there was no Indian in the commission 1
5 (d) Jobber 1
6 (b) Raw cotton exports increased 1
7 1
c) It has lack of resources

8 Temperature – 27 to 34⁰C, Soil – Alluvial 1

9 1
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

10 1
c) Vishakhapatnam
11 (c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false. 1

12 b) Central government seems to be generously allocating funds, 1

resources and powers to the states in India.

13 Secular 1

14 Central Government 1

15 b) A person who believes in equal rights and opportunities for women 1

and men.

16 c) Public Distribution System 1

17 (b) World Bank 1

18 (c) A doctor in a hospital treating their patients 1

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19 (b) NREGA 1

20 (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) 1

GROUP B
21. The four changes that were brought in Europe by the Treaty of
Vienna in the year 1815 were as follows:
1X3=3
1. The bourbon dynasty was restored.
2. Series of states were set up along the boundaries of France for
the future prevention.
3. Prussia was given the new territories on to the west side.
4. The German federation remained as it is.
5. Monarchy was restored in Europe.
[Any 3 points]

22 a) Forests in India are home to a number of communities. These

communities have a complex relationship with flora and fauna around
them. In some areas of india, local communities are struggling to
conserve these habitats along with government officials.
b) In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers have fought against
mining by citing the Wildlife Protection Act.
c)In many areas, villagers themselves are protecting habitats and
openly rejecting government involvement.
1X3=3
d) The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar district of Rajasthan
have declared 1200 hectares of forests as the ‘Bhairodev Dakav
Sonchuri’, declaring their own set of rules and regulations Which do
not allow hunting and are protecting the wildlife against any outside
encroachment.

e) Nature worship is an age-old tribal belief based on the premise that

all creations of nature have to be protected. Such beliefs have
preserved several virgin forests in pristine form
called Sacred Groves. These patches of forests have been left
untouched by the local people and any interference with them is
banned.
f) Trees are preserved in the name of worship. The Mundas and the
Santhals of Chotanagpur region worship Mohua and kadamba trees,
the tribals of Odisha and Bihar worship the tamarind and mango trees
during weddings. To many people peepal and banyan trees are
considered sacred. Macaques and langurs are found around several
temples. They are fed daily and are treated as temple devotees. In
Bishnoi villages in Rajasthan, herds of blackbuck, nilgai and peacocks
are seen as integral part of community and nobody harms them.

g) The famous Chipko movement in the Himalayas and JFM

Programme are good examples
for involving local communities in the management and restoration of
degraded forests.
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 [Any 3 points]

OR,

Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur belt:
• It lies in Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra
• Very high-grade hematite ore is found in Bailadila
range of hills in Bastar district of Chhattisgarh
• It consists of 14 deposits of super high grade
hematite iron ore
• It has the best physical properties needed for steel
making
• Iron ore is exported to Japan and South Korea
through Vishakhapatnam port.

[Any 3 points]

23 Communalism refers to the use of religion in politics.

Communalism is based on a few points as mentioned below:

If the philosophy of one religion is represented as superior to 3

that of other religions.
If the issues of one religious group are created in opposition to
another.

If the power of State is utilized to set up the domination of one

religious group over the remaining groups.

24 Women face discrimination and oppression in various ways:

In comparison to men, women have a lower literacy rate (54%) than 3

men (76 %). Even though girls perform as well as, if not better than,
boys, girls are more likely to drop out of school. A smaller number of
girls are permitted to pursue higher education.
Women's work is undervalued. Women have fewer high-
paying positions.
Women get paid less than males for doing the same job.
Despite the Equal Remuneration Act of1976, which prohibits
such practices, this inequality occurs in a variety of industries.
Abortion is performed on female foetuses in the mother's
womb. In India, the child sex ratio is 914, meaning that there
are only 914 girls for every 1000 boys.
Girls and women are subjected to a variety of forms of
violence and harassment both inside and beyond the home.

OR,

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Constitutional provisions are necessary for the success of federalism
but these are not sufficient. The real success of federalism in India can
be attributed to the nature of democratic politics in our country:

Linguistic States:
a) The creation of linguistic states was the first and a major test for
democratic politics in our country.
b) Many old States have vanished and many new States been created.
c) In 1947, the boundaries of several old states of India were changed
in order to create new States.
d) This was done to ensure that people who spoke the same language
lived in the same States.
e) When the demand for the formation of States on the basis of
language was raised, some national leaders feared that it would lead to
the disintegration of the country.
Language Policy: The second test for Indian Federation is the
language policy.
i) Our Constitution did not give the status of national language to any
one language.
ii) Hindi was identified as the official language.
iii) According to the Constitution, the use of English for official
purposes was to stop in 1965.
iv) The central government responded by agreeing to continue the use
of English along with Hindi for official purposes.
v) Promotion does not mean that the Central Government can impose
Hindi on states where people speak a different language.
Centre-state-relations
Restructuring the centre-state relations is one more way in which
federalism has been strengthened in practice. In 1990 there was the
rise of regional political parties in many States of the country. This
was also the beginning of the era of coalition government at the
Centre. One party enters into an alliance with many parties. This led to
a new culture of power sharing and respect for the autonomy of State
Government. Thus, federal power sharing is more effective today than
it was in the early years after the Constitution came into force.

Decentralization in India:
We noted above that federal government has two or more tiers of
government.
But a vast country like India cannot be run only through these two-
tiers. Federal power sharing in India needs another tier of government.
This resulted in a third-tier if the government called local government.
When power is taken away from Central and State government, it is
called decentralisation. A major step towards decentralisation was
taken in 1992 with the introduction of rural local government
popularly known by the name Panchayati raj.

Different forms of government enjoy separate jurisdiction.

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25 (i) Non-renewable resources are those which will get
exhausted after years of use. We have a fixed stock on
earth that cannot be replenished.
(ii) We can discover new resources that we did not know of 1X3=3
earlier. New sources in this way adds back to the stock.
(iii) However, over time even this will be exhausted. In such a
situation life will get difficult for us. This will ultimately
lead to chaos all over the world.
(Any other relevant points/arguments to be allotted marks)

OR,

(i) Providing 100% literacy.

(ii) Improving health – facilities.
(iii) Creating a pollution-free atmosphere.
(Any other relevant points/arguments to be allotted marks)
26
(i) They are paid low salaries.
(ii) Their jobs aren’t secured. 1X3=3
(iii) They have no retirement and medical benefits.
(Any other relevant points/arguments to be allotted marks)
OR,
(i) The tertiary sector covers activities that helps in the
development of the primary and the secondary sector. They
do not produce anything but act as a support top the
production processes.
(ii) At one end there are limited number of services that
employ highly skilled and educated workers.
(iii) At the other end there are a very large number of workers
engaged in services like small shopkeepers, repairers,
transporters, etc.
(Any other relevant points/arguments to be allotted marks)
GROUP C

27 27.1. c) Culture along with territorial expansion played a major role 1

27.2. b) Common People 1

27.3. d) All of these 1

1
27.4. a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

28
28.1. d) All of the above 1

28.2. b) Dahiya 1

1
28.3. As the farmers do not use any modern inputs.

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 28.4. When soil fertility decreases, the farmers shift and clear a fresh 1
patch of land for cultivation.

29 29.1d) 1

29.2a) 1

29.3d) 1

29.4d) 1

30 The table below shows the workers employed in various sectors in

an economy (in millions).
1x4=4
SECTOR ORGANISED UNORGANISED TOTAL
PRIMARY 2 240 242
SECONDARY 9 54 63
TERTIARY 17 76 93
TOTAL 28 370 398
(a) Which is the most important sector that provides most jobs
to the people?
(b) What is the number of persons engaged in the unorganized
sector?
(c) Why is this unorganized sector more important? Give one
reason.
(d) Which is the most important organized sector? Give one
reason.
(a) Primary Sector
(b) 370 million
(c) it provides the maximum employment.
(d) Tertiary Sector
GROUP D

31 1) Personification of Bharat Mata: The image of country India was

transformed as Bharat Mata first by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay.
Later, other artists like Abanindranth Tagore too painted the image of
Bharat Mata portraying her as a calm, composed, divine and spiritual
figure. People began to pledge their devotion to her as a proof of
nationalism.
2)National song ‘Vande Mataram’: Bankim Chandra wrote 1X5=5
‘Vande Mataram’ as a hymn to the motherland in his novel
Anandamath.This song became so popular that it began to be sung
widely in the nationalist movements.
3) Folklore: Nationalist leaders made every possible effort to
collect folk songs and legends. Rabindranath Tagore himself began to

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 revive folk songs, dances, folk tales, cultures etc. Natesa Sastri
published a four-volume collection of Tamil folk tales.
4) Use of Icons and Symbols: During the Swadeshi movement, a
tricolour was designed depicting signs and symbols used by both
Hindus and Muslims. Gandhiji designed a Swaraj flag. Carrying and
holding the flag during the marches became a symbol of defiance.
5) Rediscovery of India’s Past: British colonisers portrayed
Indians as backward and primitive. Nationalists thought it necessary to
discover India’s glorious past. They wrote about the achievements
made by the Indians in the field of art, science, mathematics, etc. and
urged Indians also to take pride in India’s glory.
OR
1) Advertisements made products appear desirable and necessary. 1X5=5
They tried to shape the minds of people and create new needs. They
tried to persuade the customers and buyers by using such
advertisements as would appeal Indians.
2) The labels were needed to make the place of manufacture and
the name of the company familiar to the buyer. When buyers saw
‘MADE IN MANCHESTER’ written in bold on the label, they were
expected to feel confident about buying the cloth.
3) Images of Indian gods gave divine approval to the goods being
sold. Images of Krishna and Saraswati were intended to make the
manufacture from a foreign land appear somewhat familiar to the
Indian people.
4) Historical figures were used to create respect for the product
and spread the message that the goods produced or used under such
personalities can never be questioned for their quality.
5) Printing calendars to popularize their products unlike
newspapers and magazines. Calendars were used even by people who
could not read. They were hung in the tea shops and in poor people’s
home, just as much as in offices and in middle class houses.

32 Coal is the most abundantly available fossil fuel in India.

Distribution
• In India coal occurs in rock series of two main geological ages,
namely Gondwana, over 200 million years in age and Tertiary 4
deposits which are 55 million years old.
• The major resources of Gondwana coal are located in Damodar
valley (West Bengal-Jharkhand). Jharia, Raniganj, Bokaro are
important coalfields.
• The Godavari, Mahanadi, Son and Wardha valleys also contain
coal deposits
• Tertiary coal occurs in the north-eastern states of Meghalaya,
1
Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland.

Palar Pani is rain water which is considered the purest form of natural
water used for drinking purpose in Rajasthan.

33 A major step towards decentralisation was taken in 1992.

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 The Constitution was amended to make the third-tier of
democracy more powerful and effective.
1. Now it is constitutionally mandatory to hold regular elections
to local government bodies. 5
2. Seats are reserved in the elected bodies and the executive
heads of these institutions for the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled
Tribes and Other Backward Classes.
3. At least one-third of all positions are reserved for women.
4. An independent institution called the State Election
Commission has been created in each State to conduct
panchayat and municipal elections.
5. The State governments are required to share some powers and
revenue with local government bodies. The nature of sharing
varies from State to State.
Rural local government is popularly known by the name
Panchayati raj.
Each village, or a group of villages in some States, has a gram
panchayat. This is a council consisting of several ward
members, often called panch, and a president or sarpanch.
They are directly elected by all the adult population living in
that ward

34 (i) People may be employed in projects like construction of 1

dams, canals, roads, etc.
(ii) Government can invest and employ people in providing 1
transportation and storage services. 1
(iii) People can be employed in services like Banking, Trade, 1
etc.
(iv) Government can identify, promote industries and services 1
in semi-rural areas to enhance employment.
(v) Government can open centres to give them training and
financial assistance to help them become self-employed.
(Any other relevant points/arguments to be allotted 1
marks) 1
1
OR,
1

(i) Ensuring pollution-free environment 1

(ii) Ensuring unadulterated medicines
(iii) Preventing infectious diseases
(iv) Providing adequate facilities for education to all children
irrespective of any discrimination
(v) Providing safe drinking water to all.
(Any other relevant points/arguments to be allotted marks)
GROUP E

35.1 A) Nagpur 1
B) Champaran 1

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 35.2

1X4-4

b
c

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