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Adolescent and Adult Development

Impact of drugs on the PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT of Adolescence

Adolescence is the phase of life between childhood and adulthood between the ages of 12-18
years .In adolescence the body goes through a number of changes compared to the other phases of
development ,the growth rate is rapid and uneven, varying from one individual to another and each
with a pace unique to self and rate too .The change include increase in height, weight , skeletal and
muscular system as well as the internal organs

The impact of drugs on these physical development vary from teen to teen .Adolescent drug
abuse can cause detrimental health issues ;each drug comes with its own set of physical effects for
example; excessive alcohol consumption may lead to liver damage ,smoking cigarette may cause lung
cancer. This diseases compromises ones health leading to delayed puberty .This may cause a decrease
or slower rate of growth physically.
NOTE ;Drug abuse causes delayed puberty ,decreased\unnoticable rate of weight gain.

Impact of drug abuse and alcohol use on the COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT of Adolescence

Cognitive development refers to the way a person thinks, perceives and gains understanding of
ideas through relations and learning; includes development of the abstract thinking ;the ability to form
ones own ideas or questions ,ability to consider ,compare and debate ideas or opinions.

However , early drug use doe have a subtle and significantly impede acquisition of critical thinking skills
and obscure the learning of important cognitive strategies needed for effective transition to early
adulthood .

Impact of drug abuse and alcohol use on the SOCIAL –EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT of Adolescence

Social development is the process of establishing a sense of identity, role and purpose .its
the outward sense of belonging and sense of oneself .Emotional development is the way one actually
feels and thinks ,ones inner thoughts ;these are vital for emotional development.

Impact of drug abuse and alcohol use on the PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT in early adulthood

Young adulthood is a time often perceived as the prime stage of life when an individual is free
from both the chains of adolescence and stigmas of an advanced age. By this time a person reaches
early adulthood , physical maturation is complete though height and weight may increase slightly .At
this level, most youth are still at the physiological level of development ;this includes participation in
school, level of education, delinquent activities,self reported health and physchological
difference .Effects of drug in early adulthood mainly affects this psychological growth mentioned and
may be a major contributor to school dropout, unemployment ,divorce and on cigarette lowered
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psychological mood .Illicit drugs predict drug related health problems ;excessive consumption of alcohol
may cause liver ciirhosis, cigarette use cause predicted increased breathing difficulties.

Impact of drug abuse and alcohol use in the COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT in Early adulthood

At this stage an individuals full understand abstract concepts and are aware of consequences of ones
actions here, most young adults move into adult roles and responsibilities sand pursue higher
education ,learn a trade and work. By the end of tis stage most young adults would have achieved a
sense of autonomy, taking care of self and even others, maintaining healthy relationships .Excessive
induldging in illicit drug use and alcohol greatly affects ones ab
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ility to take responsibility of ones actions and hereby rendering most young adults wholly dependable
on others to make decisions for them, lack of self drive to indulge in any income earning activity .

Impact of drug abuse and alcohol use in SOCIAL EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT in early adulthood

During young adulthood, social-emotional development intertwines with that of moral, identity
and career in dynamic ways that portend one's future attitudes and lifestyle Changes in
socializing ( nights out for fun and recreation) and in religiosity are found to mediate the
relationship of social role transitions to substance abuse .These habits may cause ignorance to
ones personal social roles in families, intra individual change ,suppression of ideal emotions
leading to emotional incompetency and unstability.
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References
Sarvey, D., & Welsh, J. W. (2021). Adolescent substance use: Challenges and opportunities related to
COVID-19. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 122, 108212.

Scheier, L. M., & Griffin, K. W. (2021). Youth marijuana use: a review of causes and
consequences. Current Opinion in Psychology, 38, 11-18.

Tuovinen, S., Lahti‐Pulkkinen, M., Girchenko, P., Lipsanen, J., Lahti, J., Heinonen, K., ... & Räikkönen, K.
(2018). Maternal depressive symptoms during and after pregnancy and child developmental
milestones. Depression and anxiety, 35(8), 732-741.