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Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 223
Skill: F
Answer: b
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 223
Skill: F
3) Mental disorders are more prevalent among adolescents and young adults than among
adults over the age of 25.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 224
Skill: F
4) Half of the ten leading causes of disability in Canada are mental disorders.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a
Diff: Challenging
Type: TF
Page Reference: 225
Skill: F
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 226
Skill: C
6) Policies and programs within the discrimination paradigm focus on the symptoms of
mental illness that hinder the individual’s effective functioning in daily life
a. True
b. False
Answer: b
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 236
Skill: C
7) The majority of countries in the world allocate 1%, or even less, of their annual
budgets to mental health.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 229
Skill: F
8) Physical illnesses are more likely to remain undiagnosed in people with mental
disorders, in part because their doctors attribute the physical symptoms being experienced
to the mental disorder itself.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 228
Skill: F
9) “Madhouses” were developed in the 18th century, after some doctors proposed that
treatment could enable people with mental disorders to conform to society’s norms.
a. True
Answer: b
Diff: Challenging
Type: TF
Page Reference: 231
Skill: C
10) Although new forms of treatment are continually being developed, effective
treatments for mental illness are still only able to help less than half of people with
depression or schizophrenia.
a. True
b. False
Answer: b
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 231-232
Skill: F
11) Although treatment within the community is generally more effective for people with
mental disorders, the stigmatization faced within the community leads most people with
mental illnesses to prefer treatment within psychiatric institutions.
a. True
b. False
Answer: b
Diff: Challenging
Type: TF
Page Reference: 226-228
Skill: F
12) People with mental illnesses who live in rural areas have an easier time with recovery
than those who live in urban areas, due to the stronger social support networks in rural
communities.
a. True
b. False
Answer: b
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 233
Skill: F
Answer: a
Diff: Easy
Type: TF
Page Reference: 232
Skill: C
14) The hydraulic relationship that exists between the mental health care system and the
criminal justice system means that increases in the prison population result in more
people receiving treatment for mental disorders.
a. True
b. False
Answer: b
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 235
Skill: C
15) In Canada, people with mental illnesses are protected from discrimination under
human rights legislation.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 237
Skill: F
16) The World Health Organization’s Mental Health Global Action Programme
(mhGAP) acts to resist inadequate and insufficient care for people with mental disorders,
rather than to resist the stigmatization of mental illness.
a. True
b. False
Answer: b
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 237-238
Skill: C
17) Self-help groups for people with mental disorders act to resist the stigmatization of
mental illness as well as inadequate and insufficient care for people with mental illnesses.
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 238
Skill: C
18) As of 2006, Canada was the only G8 nation to lack a national mental health policy.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a
Diff: Easy
Type: TF
Page Reference: 238
Skill: F
19) Despite the criticisms launched against the DSM, it does have considerable overlap
with the diagnostic categories contained in the ICD used by the World Health
Organization.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a
Diff: Easy
Type: TF
Page Reference: 241
Skill: F
20) Support for the biological basis of ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)
arises from the fact that a similar proportion of children are diagnosed with ADHD in
both Britain and North America.
a. True
b. False
Answer: b
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 241
Skill: C
21) In Rosenhan’s study (“Being sane in insane places”), 75% of his “pseudo-patients”
were released from psychiatric care with a diagnosis of “no detectable mental illness”.
a. True
Answer: b
Diff: Easy
Type: TF
Page Reference: 243-244
Skill: F
22) In Rosenhan’s study (“Being sane in insane places”), other patients were more
accurate than the medical staff in detecting the “sanity” of the pseudo-patients.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 242
Skill: F
23) Rosenhan’s research (“Being sane in insane places”) described the dehumanizing
treatment that patients in psychiatric institutions frequently faced, an empirical reflection
of Goffman’s concept of the total institution.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 244
Skill: F
24) Research has found that both sex and race influence psychiatric diagnosis and/or
treatment.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 245
Skill: F
26) Elaine is struggling to pay her rent. She has had to call in sick to her job because of
depression and she does not get paid sick time. Each time she falls further behind on her
financial payments, she becomes increasingly stressed and thereby more depressed. This
socioeconomic experience would be explained using the social selection hypothesis.
a. True
b. False
Answer: b
Diff: Challenging
Type: TF
Page Reference: 224
Skill: C
27) Advocacy groups that promote information and attempt to re-educate the public about
their view of mental illness would be seen as engaging in tertiary deviance.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 236-237
Skill: A/C
28) The World Health Organization recognized that the social determinants of health
such as income, gender, human rights conditions are important factors when studying
mental health.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: TF
Page Reference: 224
Skill: A
29) According to the World Health Organization, what proportion of the world’s
population is affected by a mental disorder at some point in their lives?
a. 10%
b. 25%
Answer: b
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Page Reference: 223
Skill: F
30) Which of the following is one of the Common Mental Disorders (CMDs)?
a. antisocial personality disorder
b. anxiety disorder
c. substance abuse personality disorder
d. conduct disorder
e. schizophrenia
Answer: b
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 223
Skill: F
31) Barbara is a 35 year old woman. Which of the following mental disorders is she more
likely to have, when compared to her 35 year old male neighbour?
a. antisocial personality disorder
b. conduct disorder
c. depression
d. substance abuse dependency disorder
e. either depression or substance abuse personality disorder
Answer: c
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 223-224
Skill: A
32) Which of the following factors contributes to the mental disorders that are more
common in women?
a. income inequality
b. subordinate social status
c. extensive responsibility for the daily care of others
d. victimization by violence
e. the mental disorders that are more common in women are, in part, the result of all of
the factors listed above
33) Which of the following mental disorders are men more likely than women to
experience?
a. Major depression
b. minor depression
c. anxiety disorders
d. panic disorder
e. antisocial personality disorder
Answer: e
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Page Reference: 223
Skill: F
34) Which of the following statements about patterns of mental illness based on gender
and socioeconomic status is true?
a. women of low socioeconomic status are more likely to experience depression and
anxiety, compared to women of high socioeconomic status
b. men of low socioeconomic status are more likely to experience depression and anxiety,
compared to men of high socioeconomic status
c. women and men of low socioeconomic status are more likely to experience depression
and anxiety, compared to women and men of high socioeconomic status
d. men of low socioeconomic status experience similar rates of depression and anxiety as
men of high socioeconomic status
e. women of low socioeconomic status experience similar rates of depression and anxiety
as women of high socioeconomic status
Answer: c
Diff: Challenging
Type: MC
Page Reference: 223-224
Skill: F
Answer: d
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 224
Skill: C
36) According to the hypothesis, people with mental disorders are more
likely to fall into the lower classes because of their difficulties in daily functioning.
a. social selection
b. social contract
c. social subordination
d. social causation
e. social stigmatization
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 224
Skill: C
37) Ramon is born into an upper-middle class family. At the age of 18, he develops
schizophrenia. Because of difficulties with controlling his disorder, he is unable to keep a
job, and eventually ends up living in an inner city rooming house. Which of the following
hypotheses best explains Ramon’s economic experiences?
a. social selection hypothesis
b. social contract hypothesis
c. social subordination hypothesis
d. social causation hypothesis
e. social stigmatization hypothesis
Answer: a
Diff: Challenging
Type: MC
Page Reference: 224
Skill: A
Answer: c
39) Why are mental disorders more prevalent among adolescents and young adults?
a. biological factors
b. psychological factors
c. the stresses associated with developing an “adult” role
d. struggles in identity formation during this period in the life cycle
e. biological factors, psychological factors, stress, and struggles in identity formation all
contribute to the greater prevalence of mental disorders in this age group
Answer: e
Diff: Challenging
Type: MC
Page Reference: 224-225
Skill: C
Answer: e
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 225
Skill: F
41) According to Wolff (2007), what are the problems with cost-of-illness estimates in
relation to mental illness?
a. rather than being purely the result of biochemistry, they interact with economic factors
b. rather than being purely the result of biochemistry, they interact with social norms
c. they fail to consider the ways in which people with mental disorders contribute to their
families, communities, and society
d. they reflect the negative attitudes about mental illness that pervade society
e. cost-of-illness estimates suffer from all of the above problems
Answer: e
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 226-227
Skill: C
42) People with mental disorders are perceived as being unpredictable, violent and
dangerous. As a resulta. they have difficulty dating.
b. they are unwelcome in neighbourhoods.
c. they are fired or forced to resign.
d. they are abused or harassed by strangers.
e. they may experience any of the above.
Answer: e
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 227-228
Skill: F
43) Policies and programs embedded within the attempt to reduce the
extent to which people with mental disorders are treated as outsiders in society.
a. disease paradigm
b. stigmatization paradigm
c. discrimination paradigm
d. inclusion paradigm
e. integration paradigm
Answer: c
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 236
Skill: C
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 236
Skill: C
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 227
Skill: F
46) John lives in England during the 15th century. He tells people that there are voices
inside his head, telling him to hurt his children. How is John likely to be treated?
a. he is likely to be placed in a “madhouse”
b. he is likely to be placed in an “asylum”
c. he is likely to be taken care of by various members of the community
d. he is likely to be placed in prison
e. he is likely to be tortured in order to drive out the demons possessing him
Answer: e
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 230
Skill: A
Answer: e
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Page Reference: 232
Skill: F
Answer: e
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 236
Skill: C
Answer: d
Diff: Challenging
Type: MC
Page Reference: 237-238
Skill: A
51) What proportion of homeless people in North America is estimated to have mental
disorders?
a. 25-50%
b. 20-30%
c. 80-90%
d. 10-20%
e. 1-8%
Answer: a
Answer: e
Diff: Challenging
Type: MC
Page Reference: 240-241
Skill: C
53) The Mental Health Global Action Programme has developed four core strategies to
reduce the stigma of mental disorders and to promote the mental health of the population.
The strategy of information includes
a. creating an internet-based database.
b. provide guidance on policy development.
c. provide training to mental health researchers.
d. coordinate efforts to educate the public.
e. provide a forum for networking.
Answer: a
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Page Reference: 238-239
Skill: F
Answer: a
Diff: Challenging
Type: MC
Page Reference: 243
Skill: F
Answer: b
Diff: Challenging
Type: MC
Page Reference: 243-244
Skill: F
Answer: c
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 244-245
Skill: C
57) Rosenhan’s suggestion that the ‘tag’ of “mentally ill” determined how psychiatric
staff interacted with the pseudo-patients in his study, illustrates theory.
a. labelling
b. general strain
c. social bonds
d. pluralist conflict
Answer: a
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 244-245
Skill: C
Answer: e
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 244-245
Skill: F
59) Which of the following statements about the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness
is true?
a. compared to women, men are more likely to be prescribed psychotropic drug
b. compared to White persons, Black persons are more likely to be described by
psychiatrists as “dangerous”, even when their case summaries are identical
c. compared to Black persons, White persons are more likely to be described by
psychiatrists as “dangerous”, even when their case summaries are identical
d. race does not influence psychiatric diagnosis
e. sex does not influence psychiatric diagnosis or treatment
Answer: b
Diff: Challenging
Type: MC
Page Reference: 245
Skill: F
60) Mental disorders are defined as deviant on two dimensions. These are:
a. The illness and the social
b. The social and the institutional
c. The illness and the person
d. The institutional and the individual
Answer: a
Diff: Challenging
Type: MC
Page Reference: 222
Objective: A
61) Which of the following aspects of mental illness are not included in deviance
research?
a. Prevalence and disease patterns
b. Costs for society of inadequate treatment
c. Stigmatization
d. Mortality rates due to illness
e. Medicalization
Answer: d
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 222
Skill: A
Answer: b
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Page Reference: 223
Skill: F/A
63) The World Health Organization identified a number of social conditions that are
associated with mental health status, which if the following was not mentioned?
a. Socio-economic status
b. Education level
c. Existing medical diagnostic tools (i.e. the DSM)
d. Human rights standards
e. Gender
Answer: c
Diff: Challenging
Type: MC
64) Apply the three components of the social typing process to the medicalization of
mental illness.
Answer:
Diff: Easy
Type: ES
Page Reference: 233-234
Skill: A
65) Differentiate between the two explanations offered for the greater prevalence of
mental illness among the lower classes.
Answer:
Diff: Moderate
Type: ES
Page Reference: 224
Skill: C
66) Describe the hydraulic relationship that Penrose (1939) proposed existed between the
mental health care system and the criminal justice system, and discuss the extent to which
you believe this relationship still exists in the 21st century.
Answer:
Diff: Moderate
Type: ES
Page Reference: 235
Skill: C/A
Answer:
Diff: Moderate
Type: ES
Page Reference: 235-236
Skill: C
68) List and describe four different ways that mental illness is socially controlled, and
indicate whether each of those forms of social control is formal or informal.
Answer:
Diff: Challenging
Type: ES
Page Reference: 227-232
Skill: A
69) Early research on mental illness indicated that more women than men experience a
mental illness. Explain the flaws of this research and provide examples.
Answer:
Diff: Moderate
Type: ES
Page Reference: 223
Skill: A/C
70) Apply two of Goffman's identity management techniques from his work on Stigma to
the experience of having a mental illness. Provide examples.
Answer:
Diff: Challenging
Type: ES
Page Reference: 236-238
Skill:
71) Briefly discuss 3 social factors that are known to impact mental health status.
Answer:
Diff: Moderate
Type: ES
Page Reference: 223-225
Skill:
Answer:
Diff: Moderate
Type: ES
Page Reference: 231-233
Skill: C/F
73) Describe the deviance dance surrounding mental illness, by discussing how the
stigmatization of mental illness is resisted by (a) governments, (b) the medical
community, and (c) social organizations.
Answer:
Diff: Challenging
Type: ES
Page Reference: 236-239
Skill: C/F
74) Discuss Rosenhan’s (1973) explanation of how social factors and psychiatric biases
affect the diagnosis of the mentally ill.
Answer:
Diff: Moderate
Type: ES
Page Reference: 241-245
Skill: C/F
75) Explain the relationship between gender and mental disorders. Highlight the types of
illness and suggest deviance theories that might explain why (or if) these differences
occur.
Answer:
Diff: Challenging
Type: ES
Page Reference: 223-225
Skill: A/C
76) Describe the evolution of mental illness and the handing of mental illness in society,
past and present. Discuss the role that various moral entrepreneurs play to contribute to
the deviance of mental illness. Now predict where deviance and mental health might be
going in the future.
Answer:
Diff: Challenging
Type: ES
Page Reference: 230-247
Answer:
Diff: Challenging
Type: ES
Page Reference: 222-246
Skill: C