Medical Sociology 13Th Edition Cockerham Test Bank Full Chapter PDF

Medical Sociology 13th Edition
Cockerham Test Bank

Visit to download the full and correct content document: https://testbankdeal.com/dow
nload/medical-sociology-13th-edition-cockerham-test-bank/
Chapter 7
Illness Behavior
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The most common response to symptoms of illness by people throughout the world is:
a. Health behavior.
b. Illness behavior.
c. Self care.
d. Doctor visits.
e. None of the above.
Answer: C Page: 163
2. Visits to physicians are higher for:

a. Males.
b. Females.
c. Adults.
d. No difference in the response options.
Answer: B Page: 164
3. The data in the Dutton (1978) study on health care utilization among the poor favored the
_______________ hypothesis.
a. Systems barrier.
b. Financial coverage.
c. Culture of poverty.
d. Disparities.
Answer: A Page: 174
4. Which group has the highest percentage of persons without health insurance?
a. Non-Hispanic white.
b. Non-Hispanic black.
c. Hispanic, Mexican.
d. Asians.
e. European migrants.
Answer: C Page: 169
5. Which social class visits doctors the least?

a. Upper classes.
b. Upper and middle classes.
c. Middle classes.
55
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
d. Lower classes.
e. All of the above.
Answer: A Page: 172
6. The process of seeking medical help involving a group of potential consultants,

beginning in the family and extending outward to more select individuals until
professionals are consulted, is known as the:
a. Medical referral system.
b. Lay-referral system.
c. Professional referral system.
d. Health networking process.
Answer: B Page: 176
7. Persons with a low sense of locus-of-control tend to have:

a. More self-initiated preventive care.
b. Less self-initiated preventive care.
c. More optimism about the effectiveness of care.
d. Less pessimissim about the effectiveness of care.
Answer: B Page: 177

]
8. According to Suchman, persons in a cosmopolitan group were found to:

a. Demonstrate high ethnic exclusivity.
b. Distrust health professionals.
c. Be very dependent on others while sick.
d. All of the above.
Answer: E Page: 165
9. ________________ interpretations of feeling states are medically significant, because

sometimes physical changes are not obvious.
a. Objective.
b. Subjective.
c. Professional.
d. Thoughtful.
Answer: B Page: 163
10. Which is a component of self-care?
56
a. Taking preventive measures.
b. Self-treatment of symptoms.
c. Managing chronic conditions.
d. Consultation with health care providers.
e. All of the above are components of self-care.
Answer: E Page: 163-164
11. A number of factors have promoted self-care on the part of laypersons. Which is a factor?
a. The shift in disease patterns from acute to chronic illnesses.
b. Dissatisfaction with professional medical care that is depersonalized.
c. Recognition of the limits of modern medicine.
d. The increasing awareness of alternative healing practices.
e. All of the above are factors promoting self-care.
Answer: E Page: 164
12. People have been doing self-care for ______________ and it is made easier today by
access to the Internet with its abundance of medical information.
a. A couple years.
b. Decades.
c. Centuries.
d. Self-care is relatively new, and we don’t know how long it has been occurring.
Answer: C Page: 164
13. People engage in self-care in a manner ____________ with medical norms, values, and
information.
a. Consistent.
b. Inconsistent.
c. At odds with.
d. In tandem.
Answer: A Page: 164
Page: 144
14. Which point in the life course is NOT a peak period for when women visit doctors the
most?
a. Childhood.
b. Childbearing years.
c. After 35.
d. After 45.
e. All of these are peaks in the visitation pattern for females.
57
Answer: C Page: 165
15. Woman’s reproductive role accounts for less than _________ of all doctor visits.
a. 10%.
b. 20%.
c. 30%.
d. 40%.
e. 50%.
Answer: B Page: 165
16. Who is NOT part of the lay-referral system?

a. Family.
b. Friends.
c. Neighbors.
d. All are part of the lay-referral system.
e. None are part of the lay-referral system.
Answer: D Page: 165
17. The process by which a family provides a child with a specific social identity is:
a. Classification.
b. Socialization.
c. Enculturation.
d. Brain washing.
Answer: B Page: 167
18. Which refers to the social relationships a person has during day-to-day interaction, which
serves to suggest, advise, influence, or coerce an individual into taking or not
taking particular courses of action.
a. Intrapersonal affect.
b. Lay-referral system.
c. Family.
d. Social network.
Answer: D Page: 167
19. Which is an example of an alternative medical practitioner?

a. Clergy..
b. teachers..
c. Social worker.
58
d. Family members.
e. None of the above..
Answer: E Page: 168
20. The higher an individual’s socioeconomic position, the __________ ethnic the person
often becomes.
a. Less.
b. More.
c. Balanced.
d. Really.
Answer: A Page: 168
21. In 2010, _________ of Americans under 65 have private health insurance.

a. 55.3%.
b. 58.3%.
c. 61.7%.
d. 64.9%.
e. 78.1%.
Answer: C Page: 169
22. Which group has a higher rate of those covered by private insurance than the national
average?
a. Blacks.
b. Hispanics.
c. Asians.
d. Native Americans.
Answer: C Page: 169
23. Koos’s study helped establish the premise that _______________ persons are less likely
than others to recognize various symptoms as requiring medical treatment and that these
beliefs contribute to differences in the actual use of services.
a. Lower-class.
b. Middle-class.
c. Upper-class.
d. Middle- and upper-class.
e. Lower- and middle-class.
Answer: A Page: 171-172
59
24. Dutton tested different explanations concerning why the poor would show lower use rates
in relation to actual need than the non-poor. Which was NOT a tested explanation?
a. Financial coverage.
b. Level of education.
c. Culture of poverty.
d. Systems barrier.
e. All of these were tested.
Answer: B Page: 173
25. Consumerism in medicine means that people:

a. Make informed choices about the services available to them.
b. Spend money on health care.
c. Buy and sell health services to one another.
d. Sell their personal advice within the lay referral system.
e. All of the above.
Answer: A Pages: 176
26. Consumerism is more likely a feature characteristic of the:

a. Lower class.
b. Middle class.
c. Upper class.
d. Middle and upper class.
e. Lower and middle class.
Answer: D Page: 176
27. _______________ does not promote equality among laypersons when direct physician–
patient interaction is required, nor does it provide a context within which such an
orientation can grow within the medical environment.
a. Health care philosophy.
b. The lay-referral system.
c. The culture of medicine.
d. Consumerism.
Answer: C Page: 178
True False Questions
1. Christakis and Fowler found that obese persons were highly likely to have social
networks of family and friends who were similarly obese people with shared outlooks.
Answer: TRUE Page: 167
60
2. Puerto Rican Americans are among those most likely to report that they could not afford
health insurance as the main reason they did not have coverage.
Answer: FALSE Page: 171
3. Given that the poor are visiting doctors in greater numbers, it is generally accepted that
they use the same sources of medical treatment as those of higher income groups.
4. On average, females tend to visit physicians more often than males in the U.S.
5. Patients as consumers are making decisions on their own about which steps are
most appropriate for them in dealing with doctors and maintaining their health.
6. Self-care consists of both health and illness behavior.
7. About 12 percent of the American population does not have health insurance.
8. Self-care is an action that is independent of the medical profession.
9. It appears that men generally know more about health matters than women, but women
take better care of themselves.
10. The family represents a social experience that influences how a particular person
perceives his or her health situation.
11. The strategies that people employ for seeking health care are socially organized around
the opportunities they have for interacting with people in a position to help.
61
12. Ethnicity’s influence on physician utilization appears wide-sweeping and goes beyond its
role in providing a cultural context for decision making within social networks.
13. Surprisingly, socioeconomic status does not confound the effects of ethnicity on help
seeking.
14. The culture of poverty includes traits of dependence, fatalism, inability to delay
gratification, and a lower value placed on health.
15. Only some 10 percent of all American physicians are of Hispanic origin.
16. When actual need for health services is taken into account, low-income persons appear to
use fewer services relative to their needs.
Answer: TRUE Page: 171-172
17. Dutton found the culture of poverty explanation to have little to no validity when
combined with measures of income.
18. Beliefs can have an impact on the use of physician services that is independent of
financial constraints and the structural organization of services.
19. Blacks and less educated individuals have gained less equitable access to the health care
system with the advent of Medicare and Medicaid.
20. There is more of a consumer orientation toward health among socially advantaged
persons.
Essay Questions
62
1. Describe the relationship between socioeconomic status and illness behavior. Explain the
basis for your answer.
2. Define and discuss Mechanic’s ten determinants. How does it relate to illness?
3. Compare and contrast the systems barrier and culture of poverty theories. How are they
similar? How are they different?
4. Define Medicare and Medicaid. How have Medicare and Medicaid affected health care
access and utilization across various groups?
5. What are some patterns and trends we see amongst various racial/ethnic groups in illness
behavior? Blacks, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Asians?
63
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute
this electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1
with active links or immediate access to the full terms of the
Project Gutenberg™ License.
1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form,
including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if
you provide access to or distribute copies of a Project
Gutenberg™ work in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or
other format used in the official version posted on the official
Project Gutenberg™ website (www.gutenberg.org), you must, at
no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a copy, a
means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
request, of the work in its original “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other
form. Any alternate format must include the full Project
Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,

performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™
works unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or

providing access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™
electronic works provided that:
• You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the
method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The
fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark,
but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty
payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on
which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your
periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked
as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information
about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation.”
• You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who

notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that
s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™
License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all
copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and
discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of Project
Gutenberg™ works.
• You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of

any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in
the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90
days of receipt of the work.
• You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works.
1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project

Gutenberg™ electronic work or group of works on different
terms than are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain
permission in writing from the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, the manager of the Project Gutenberg™
trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3
below.
1.F.
1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend

considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on,
transcribe and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright
law in creating the Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite
these efforts, Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the
medium on which they may be stored, may contain “Defects,”
such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt
data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other
medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or
cannot be read by your equipment.
1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES -

Except for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in
paragraph 1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation, the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark,
and any other party distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic
work under this agreement, disclaim all liability to you for
damages, costs and expenses, including legal fees. YOU
AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE,
STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH
OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH
1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER
THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR
ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE
OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF
THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If

you discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of
receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you
paid for it by sending a written explanation to the person you
received the work from. If you received the work on a physical
medium, you must return the medium with your written
explanation. The person or entity that provided you with the
defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu
of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or
entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second
opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund.
If the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund
in writing without further opportunities to fix the problem.
1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set

forth in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’,
WITH NO OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR
ANY PURPOSE.
1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied

warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of
damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this
agreement violates the law of the state applicable to this
agreement, the agreement shall be interpreted to make the
maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by the applicable
state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of
this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the

Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the
Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™
electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any
volunteers associated with the production, promotion and
distribution of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless
from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, that
arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project
Gutenberg™ work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or
deletions to any Project Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect
you cause.
Section 2. Information about the Mission of

Project Gutenberg™
Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of
computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new
computers. It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of
volunteers and donations from people in all walks of life.
Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the

assistance they need are critical to reaching Project
Gutenberg™’s goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™
collection will remain freely available for generations to come. In
2001, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was
created to provide a secure and permanent future for Project
Gutenberg™ and future generations. To learn more about the
Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and how your
efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 and the
Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org.
Section 3. Information about the Project

Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-
profit 501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the
laws of the state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by
the Internal Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal
tax identification number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the
Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation are tax
deductible to the full extent permitted by U.S. federal laws and
your state’s laws.
The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500

West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact
links and up to date contact information can be found at the
Foundation’s website and official page at
www.gutenberg.org/contact
Section 4. Information about Donations to

the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation
Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without
widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission
of increasing the number of public domain and licensed works
that can be freely distributed in machine-readable form
accessible by the widest array of equipment including outdated
equipment. Many small donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly
important to maintaining tax exempt status with the IRS.
The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws

regulating charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of
the United States. Compliance requirements are not uniform
and it takes a considerable effort, much paperwork and many
fees to meet and keep up with these requirements. We do not
solicit donations in locations where we have not received written
confirmation of compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or
determine the status of compliance for any particular state visit
www.gutenberg.org/donate.
While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states

where we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know
of no prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from
donors in such states who approach us with offers to donate.
International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot

make any statements concerning tax treatment of donations
received from outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp
our small staff.
Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current

donation methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a
number of other ways including checks, online payments and
credit card donations. To donate, please visit:
www.gutenberg.org/donate.
Section 5. General Information About Project

Gutenberg™ electronic works
Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project
Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could
be freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and
distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose
network of volunteer support.
Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several

printed editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by
copyright in the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus,
we do not necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any
particular paper edition.
Most people start at our website which has the main PG search
facility: www.gutenberg.org.
This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™,

including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new
eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear
about new eBooks.

Medical Sociology 13Th Edition Cockerham Test Bank Full Chapter PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Medical Sociology 13Th Edition Cockerham Test Bank Full Chapter PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Medical Sociology 13th Edition

Cockerham Test Bank

Multiple Choice Questions

Answer: C Page: 163

2. Visits to physicians are higher for:

Answer: B Page: 164

Answer: A Page: 174

Answer: C Page: 169

5. Which social class visits doctors the least?

Answer: A Page: 172

6. The process of seeking medical help involving a group of potential consultants,

Answer: B Page: 176

7. Persons with a low sense of locus-of-control tend to have:

Answer: B Page: 177

8. According to Suchman, persons in a cosmopolitan group were found to:

Answer: E Page: 165

9. ________________ interpretations of feeling states are medically significant, because

Answer: B Page: 163

10. Which is a component of self-care?

Answer: E Page: 163-164

Answer: E Page: 164

Answer: C Page: 164

Answer: A Page: 164

Answer: B Page: 165

16. Who is NOT part of the lay-referral system?

Answer: D Page: 165

Answer: B Page: 167

Answer: D Page: 167

19. Which is an example of an alternative medical practitioner?

Answer: E Page: 168

Answer: A Page: 168

21. In 2010, _________ of Americans under 65 have private health insurance.

Answer: C Page: 169

Answer: C Page: 169

Answer: A Page: 171-172

Answer: B Page: 173

25. Consumerism in medicine means that people:

Answer: A Pages: 176

26. Consumerism is more likely a feature characteristic of the:

Answer: D Page: 176

Answer: C Page: 178

True False Questions

Answer: TRUE Page: 167

Answer: FALSE Page: 171

Answer: FALSE Page: 172

Answer: TRUE Page: 165

Answer: TRUE Page: 178

6. Self-care consists of both health and illness behavior.

Answer: TRUE Page: 164

Answer: FALSE Page: 169

8. Self-care is an action that is independent of the medical profession.

Answer: FALSE Page: 164

Answer: FALSE Page: 165

Answer: TRUE Page: 166

Answer: TRUE Page: 168

Answer: FALSE Page: 168

Answer: FALSE Page: 168

Answer: TRUE Page: 171

Answer: FALSE Page: 171

Answer: TRUE Page: 171-172

Answer: FALSE Page: 173

Answer: TRUE Page: 175

Answer: FALSE Page: 176