BIOLOGY 2020-2022

Diffusion
Mark Scheme ORR SCORES
TOTAL TEACHER
Method written in past tense 1
Variables placed on the correct axes 1
Title for the graph 1
Scale written correctly 1
Axes labelled correctly 1
Appropriate title for observation table 1
Appropriate headings for the table 1
Logical sequence of report 1
Total 8

Mark Scheme: AI SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER
Logical Sequence of report. 1
Method correctly sequenced 1
Report written in passive voice 1
Appropriate title for observation table 1
Neatly enclosed table 1
Observations correctly tabulated 1
Headings accurate on table 1
Correctly calculating species density 1
Correctly calculating percentage density 1
Total 9

Mark Scheme AI SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER
Definition of diffusion 1
Importance of diffusion 1
Two examples of diffusion in everyday life 1X2
One trend stated from observations made 1
Conclusion relates to aim 1
Total 6

Osmosis
Mark Scheme ORR SCORES
TOTAL TEACHER
Method in past tense 1
Diagram with appropriate labels 1
Diagram with appropriate caption 1
Appropriate title for observation table 1
Appropriate headings for the table 1
Neatly enclosed table 1
Extensive use of senses-
Texture of the potato strip with water only and salt solution 1x2
Length of potato strips with water only and salt solution 1x2
Total 10
Permeability of Soils
Mark Scheme: ORR SCORES
1. TOTAL TEACHER
2. Logical sequencing of report (Title- conclusion) 1
3. Sections named 1
4. Concise form of reporting 1
5. Report written in past tense 1
6. Accurate observations made for each sample 1X3
7. Definition of the term permeability as it relates to soil 1
8. Identifying the soil the water flowed through most quickly. 1
9. Identifying the soil the water flowed most slowly. 1
10. Identifying the soil that retained the least water. 1
11. Identifying the soil that retained the most water. 1
12. Reason for the water to flow most quickly through soil X. 1
13. Reason for the water to retain the most in soil Y. 1
Total 14

Mark Scheme: MM SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER
Measuring Cylinder and Filter paper
Prepare filter paper by making necessary folds. 1
Resting the measuring cylinder on a flat and horizontal surface 1
Eye horizontal to the bottom of the meniscus when taking reading. 1
Meniscus resting on the mark 1
Reading bottom of the meniscus 1
Accurately reading and interpreting the measuring cylinder scale. 1
Resting the Scale on a flat surface 1
Zeroing the scale 1
Accurate reading from the scale 1
Carefully placing soil sample in filter paper avoiding spillage 1

Grand Total 10

Sampling Techniques
Mark Scheme MM SCORES
TOTAL TEACHER
Making the quadrat accurately to specific dimensions 1
Use of the quadrat accurately to execute random sampling 1
Observe safety rules when in the field 1
Follow activity method in sequence and accuracy 1
Use the ruler to make measurement accurately 1
Total 5

Mark Scheme AI SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER
Table with appropriate headings and title 1X2
Correct results tabulated 1X2
Correctly Calculating species density 1
Correctly Calculating percentage frequency 1
Background information on quadrat and random sampling 1X2
 One precaution when using a quadrat 1
Conclusion 1
Total 10

Drawing- Monocot and Dicot leaf

Mark Scheme: DRW SCORES

TEACHER EXAMINER
TOTAL
M D
Label :
Sufficient 1
all accurate 1
Label lines that do not cross 1
that touch the labelled parts 1
Drawing lines:
Clean and distinct 1
Continuous (no gaps) 1
Of an even thickness 1
The drawing is an accurate representation of specimen. 1
Proportions of drawing is reasonable 1
The drawing is accurately titled :
Title says ‘Drawing’ not diagram 1
An accurate view is included e.g. (L.S / C.S) 1
Magnification stated 1
Total 12

Chlorophyll and Photosynthesis

Mark Scheme MM SCORES
TOTAL TEACHER
Followed instructions in sequence to execute activity 1
Air hole closed before lighting 1
Flame applied before gas is turned on 1
Slowly open air hole to obtain a non-luminous flame 1
Control flame height/size by adjusting gas supply to produce a quiet flame 1
Extinguish flame by closing off gas tap 1
Tilt boiling tube away from yourself and others 1
Use a test-tube holder and rack 1
Total 8

Mark Scheme AI SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER
Reasons for boiling leaf in water was to remove waxy cuticle 1
Say why did the alcohol turned green 1
Deduce why the alcohol boiled in the water bath 1
Account for changes in the leaf and where they occurred after iodine added 1
Explain why was the colour change in the leaf occurs in certain regions of 1
the leaf
Deduce that for photosynthesis to occur chlorophyll must be present 1
 Infer blue-black colour 1
Total 7

Mark Scheme ORR SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER
Report written in logical order using appropriate language. 1
Clear, noticeable and appropriate headings present for every section. 1
Title for table accurate. 1
Columns correctly headed. 1
Table enclosed 1
Accurate observation of colour change with iodine (blue black colour) 1
Total 6

Photosynthesis- Light
Mark Scheme AI SCORES
TOTAL TEACHER
Reason for de-starching the leaf. 1
Identifying the part of the leaf that contained starch before the foil cover was added. 1
Account for the changes in the leaf at the end of the experiment. 1
Total 3

Mark Scheme ORR Marks

Report written in logical order using appropriate language. 1

Clear, noticeable and appropriate headings present for every section. 1
Title for table accurate. 1
Columns correctly headed. 1
Table enclosed 1
Accurate observation of colour change with iodine (blue black colour) 1
Total 6

Food Storage Organs

Mark Scheme: DRW SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER EXAMINER

Label :
Sufficient 1
all accurate 1
Label lines that do not cross 1
that touch the labelled parts 1
Drawing lines:
Clean and distinct 1
Continuous (no gaps) 1
Of an even thickness 1
 The drawing is an accurate representation of specimen. 1
Proportions of drawing is reasonable 1
The drawing is accurately titled :
Title says ‘Drawing’ not diagram 1
An accurate view is included e.g. (L.S / C.S) 1
Included magnification in title 1
Total 12

BREAKDOWN OF STARCH AND PH

Mark Scheme P&D SCORES
TOTAL TEACHER
Hypothesis clearly stated 1
Hypothesis can be tested 1
Aim related to the hypothesis 1
Materials related to hypothesis 1
Method written in future or present tense 1
Method related to hypothesis 1
Control variable stated 1
Suitable title for expected results 1
Suitable headings for the table 1
Precaution/Limitation/Source of error 1
Total 10

Enzyme Action
Mark Scheme: ORR SCORES
TOTAL TEACHER
Report written in logical order using appropriate language 1
Clear, noticeable and appropriate headings present for every section 1
Title for table accurate. 1
Columns correctly headed. 1
Table enclosed 1
Background information on enzyme. 1
Identify the gas that was produced in the reaction. 1
Stating how they tested to conform the gas 1
Identifying the tissue that show the most reaction 1
Suggesting why the tissue had the most reaction 1
Total 10
Respiration of Yeast
Mark Scheme: ORR SCORES
TOTAL TEACHER
Report written in logical order using appropriate language 1
Clear, noticeable and appropriate headings present for every section 1
Title for table accurate. 1
Columns correctly headed. 1
Table enclosed 1
Background information on what is respiration. 1
Identify the site of respiration. 1
Identify the reactants of respiration 1
Identifying what is made when yeast respire 1
Discussing the rate of respiration 1
Explaining what happened in each test tube 1
Total 11

Mark Scheme: AI SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER
Tabulated results 1
Account for changes that take place with the yeast ( in the test tubes) 1X3
Predict what caused the balloon to be inflated 1X2
Conclusion made are from experimental results 1X4
Word equation for respiration in the experiment: 1
Reactants 1X2
Condition 1
Products 1X2
Total 15

TURNING PLANTAINS
Mark Scheme P&D SCORES
TOTAL TEACHER
Hypothesis clearly stated 1
Hypothesis can be tested 1
Aim related to the hypothesis 1
Materials related to hypothesis 1
Method written in future or present tense 1
Method related to hypothesis 1
Control variable stated 1
Suitable title for expected results 1
Suitable headings for the table 1
Precaution/Limitation/Source of error 1
Total 10
Title: Blood groups

SKILL(S) CRITERIA SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER EXAMINER
ORR Logical sequencing of the report 1
Report written in past tense 1
Clear, noticeable and appropriate headings present for every section 1
List of materials presented 1
Appropriate method created 1
Method correctly sequenced 1
Appropriate form of observation use of table (non-numerical) 1
Heading correct 1
Title for table accurate. 1
Key for the table stated. 1
TOTAL 10

SKILL(S) CRITERIA SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER
AI Background information on blood grouping 2
Identify universal donor / recipient 2
Conclusion stated relates to aim and or observation. 1
TOTAL 5

To investigate how the sex of an offspring is determined

Mark Scheme: ORR SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER
Logical Sequence of report (Title to conclusion) 1
Method correctly sequenced 1
Report written in passive voice 1
Report written in past tense 1
Appropriate title for observation table 1
Neatly enclosed table 1
Observations correctly tabulated 1
Headings accurate on table 1
State if the sex of an offspring can be controlled by parents naturally 1
Link beads colour combination as either male or female 1
Total 10

Skill: AI SCORES
TOTAL TEACHER
Defining the term genetics, clearly explain what the pink 1X 3
bead represents and what the white bead represents.
Accurate reason for closing eyes when selecting bead 1
Accurate use of genetic diagram 1
Accurate presentation of ration (Male to female ratio) 1
Conclusion relates to aim 1
Total 7
To investigate two reflex actions

Skill: ORR SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER
Report written in logical order. 1
Clear, noticeable and appropriate headings present for every section. 1
Report written in passive voice 1
Report written in past tense 1
Correct terminology and expression as it relates to the topic 1
List of materials presented 1
Appropriate method created 1
Accurate observation of change in pupil 1
Accurate observation of knee jerk 1
state how knee jerk differed from change in pupil 1
Total 10

Title: Food test- Proteins

SKILL(S) CRITERIA SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER
AI Background knowledge on the food nutrients / Answers to questions - proteins 2
Accurately make inference for each food nutrient – proteins 1X 7
Conclusion made are from experimental results 1
TOTAL 10

Title: Food test- Reducing sugars

SKILL(S) CRITERIA SCORES
TOTAL TEACHER
ORR Report written in logical order. 1
Clear, noticeable and appropriate headings present for every section. 1
Appropriate title for observation table 1
Accurate observation made for the test of each food (accounts for the colour 1X7
change in each food tested.)

TOTAL 10

SKILL(S CRITERIA SCORES

) TOTAL TEACHER

MM Followed instruction in sequence to execute activity 1

Flame applied before gas is turned on 1
Slowly open air hole to obtain a non-luminous flame 1
Extinguish flame by closing off gas top 1
Hold thermometer by rubberized grip 1
Immerse bulb into water but not touching the bottom of the beaker 1
Read thermometer scale accurately 1
give correct units according to thermometer scale 1
Tilt test tube away from yourself and others 1
 Use of a test-tube holder and rack 1
TOTAL 10

BMI

SKILL CRITERIA SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER
AI Define a balance diet 1
State what is malnutrition 1
What is meant by BMI 1
States one way in which obesity affects health 1
Correct computation of BMI (any five ) 1X5
Correct categorizing of BMI (any five ) 1x5
Conclusion relating to aim 1
TOTAL 15

Title: Energy in stored food (peanut & cracker)

SKILL CRITERIA SCORES
TOT TEACH EXAMIN
AL ER ER
AI Background knowledge on the two food groups and nutrients and energy stored 2
Calculating correctly the increase in temperature for the cracker and peanut 1X2
Calculating correctly the energy released for the cracker and peanut 1X2
Calculating how much energy will 1g of the cracker will yield and same for the peanut 1x2
Link tested sample to major food nutrient present 1X2
Deduce which food group yield more energy 1
Conclusion linked to aim and or findings 1
TOTAL 12

SKILL CRITERIA SCORES

TOTAL TEACHER EXAMINER
MM Followed instruction in sequence to execute activity 1
Air hole closed before lighting 1
Flame applied before gas is turned on 1
Slowly open air hole to obtain a non-luminous flame 1
Control flame height / size by adjusting gas supply to produce a quiet flame 1
The bulb of the thermometer is completely immersed in substance 1
The bulb is not in contact with the container 1
Stir all liquids to ensure even heat distribution 1
The reading is taken whilst the bulb is immersed 1
Thermometer is carefully handled and stored to prevent breakage. 1
TOTAL 10