Dissertation

CORRELATION BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL

VARIABLE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL VARIABLE
AMONG FOOTBALL PLAYERS

By
LEITANTHEM SUSHILKUMAR SINGH
(A3014920043)

Supervisor

DR. MOIRANGTHEM EBHION SINGH

(Assistant Professor,ASPESS)

A Dissertation Submitted To

Amity School of Physical Education And Sports Sciences

Amity University, Noida, U.P
Sector 125, Noida – 201303 (India)

2022
 WEEKLY PROGRESS REPORT

WPR Number: 04(FOUR)

Enrollment Number: A3014920043
Program: M.P.Ed IV Semester
Organisation: Amity School of Physical Education & Sports Sciences
Student Name: Leitanthem Sushilkumar Singh
Faculty Guide’s Name: Dr. Moirangthem Ebhion Singh
Co-Guide’s Name: L.Anandkumar Singh
Project Title: Correlation between psychological variable and physiological variable
among football players.

TARGETS SET FOR THE WEEK:-

1. To do the completion of introduction part.
2. Start to review and related literature.
PROGRESS/ACHIEVEMENTS FOR THE WEEK:-
I have till working on the introduction part. The information that I have collected for
my dissertation will give a good knowledge and help them when they read my paper. I
have started the review literature as I preferred best for my study purpose.
FUTURE WORK PLANS:-
1. Continue with the introduction part
2. Review literature yet to complete

Student’s signature
Faculty Guide remarks:-

Faculty Guide signature:

Note:

 Email weekly report to your Faculty Guide

 This report should be attached to the project report and should form part of
internal evaluation.
 APPENDIX

INTRODUCTION

Football is a game where people can enjoy by playing or by watching the

match in the stadium. This game is played two teams of eleven players with one
ball which is a spherical shape.

The players of each team can used any part of the body except hands during a
football match, but only the goalkeepers of both sides team can used their hands
inside the penalty area to collect the ball or to save the shot from scoring but the
goalkeeper also cannot used their hands to collect the ball when the same team
players pass the ball to the goalkeeper. In that case, the referee gives an indirect
free kick in flavor of the opponent team if the foul is inside the penalty area. The
players are allowed to use their hands when the ball goes out of the playing area in
the touch line, in this case the players can used hands to take the throw-in. And
both hands should hold the ball till the ball released from the back of the throw-in
taker head.

The main purpose of the game, football is to score the opponents side. The
score is counted when the player is kicked the ball inside goal posts. If the ball
does not go inside the goal posts or ball is on the goal line then the score will not
be counted as a goal. And both teams are scored the same goals or it is nil-nil
during the match time, then the result will be draw.

There are certain rules and laws that are organized in the game football. It is
authorized by the International Football Association Board (IFAB) and FIFA. The
rules and laws are strictly followed up by the team officials, officiating teams, the
players. For the game to play in official matches or official tournaments, FIFA has
released the 17 laws of football to make beautiful environment of football. The
laws are fair for everyone and applicable for the referees also. A match is fully
control by the referee and two-assistant referees are helped to assist the referee
where he can’t reach the far of the field like the corner kick, goal kick, offside, etc.
not only the referee and assistant referees but also a forth official which sitting
outside the field to control the both teams official are in the technical area.
 In the modern football, the rules are strict for the football fans or team
supporter that are coming to witness the match in the stadium in different events or
tournament places. Because for the safety of the teams and officials. In the big
events like the World cup, European cup, Copa America, etc. the organizers are
very tight security because the football fans or supporters can do anything for their
country to win the match by using the psychology disturb. Football is made the
people crazy when their favorite players play in the field for the country or club.
The emotion of the supporter is high and sometime it turned into violence, both in
the stadium or outside the stadium also. In the develop football countries, many
items are ban to carry inside the stadium to witness the match. There is a high
security checking in the entry and exit gates.

In the olden days, the spectators are not concern about sitting place where they
can watch match peaceful, and lot of unwanted movements happen on and off the
field during the match. Later the architecture of football ground has constructed the
sitting place and high fencing around the field so that no more violence occurred.
The spectators sit has arranged according to the charged of the tickets. And the
security personal are placed around the stadium inside and outside.

In the olden days, football has been played by men only. Like the development
of the country, football also develops in certain ways such kids start to play from
the grassroots, a huge involvement of women football in the different corner of the
world. Women football is growing not only the small scale, it is grown up and
participating in the various National and International tournaments. Football plate-
form is opened for the age category in the modern football. There are many
academies in the country to develop and growing football. From time to time, the
community football camps are organized to develop the children in terms of
football and other learning outcomes. From football, individual can learn to build
the personality, leadership skill, improve self-confidence, etc.

People are earning their income through football by playing or by training the
players or by scouting the players to the respective clubs. In modern football, the
network of football is very fast and connect to play with clubs is not difficult to
search talented players. Every club has its own scouting team to communicate with
player agency.
 As the competition rises among the players, FIFA has formed a team for the
investigation of players to check the use of drug to enhance performance in 1966.
FIFA has published to ban the players who use the drug and list out the legal
specific drugs.

Anxiety is a state of natural response that feels unpleasant in our body.

Anxiety comes in the individual's thoughts according to their different situations. It
occurs when we do or try new things that are different from the previous task. If
we recall anxiety from the previous task, it is frequently happening in our today’s
lifestyle or in any tough competition. We can compare a task from a football match
that a player takes a penalty during the match and takes a penalty in the shoot-out.
We have noticed that the player who is taking a penalty kick during the match will
have less nervousness than the player who takes a penalty in the shoot-out. The
player who takes the penalty in the shoot-out may have more stress, nervousness,
tension, less confidence, increased heart-beat.

Anxiety can bring you in the way with a lot of negative either positive
thoughts. We can relate anxiety with games & sports of today’s world. As a
supporter or fans of any particular sports who attend at the stadium to watch the
performance of the player that they choose, if the particular player doesn’t get a
good result or doesn’t expose with high performance then they can be unstable,
feel pressure, and increase the stress level.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Campbell, (1995), had studied of 221 competitors in a University half

marathon in 1993 and 1998, this study had replied to a questionnaire before the
race which asked for details of training, age, height, weight and resting pulse rate.
Finishing times of all competitors were recorded. In a multiple regression analysis
significant predictors of running speed were: amount of training, expressed as
distance run per week and number of weeks training for the event, the Body Mass
Index (weight/height) and resting pulse rate. So, I choose this review which will
help on my research topic.

Dasgupta, et al., (2000), had selected short distance runners, middle

distance runners and long distance runners who were subjected to grade exercise
on a treadmill. The maximum aerobic power (VO2 max) and other indices related
to oxygen transport system viz. heart rate, ventilation volume, breathing reserve,
dyspnoeic index, O2 pulse and RQ were recorded at respective VO2 max work-
loads, and the values were compared. Long distance runners and middle distance
runners showed a significantly higher VO2 max than the short distance runners
when VO2 max was expressed per unit of body weight. Among the endurance
runners, long distance runners had a significantly lower resting pulse rate as well
as the maximum heart rate during work than the middle distance runners. On
comparison, Ventilation Volume, Breathing reserve, Dyspnoeic index, O2 pulse
and RQ at VO2 max workloads do not differ significantly among different
categories of runners.

Ertan Tufekcioglu (2014) had studied the relationship between

psychological variables and soccer playing ability among the university level male
players. The dependent variable was soccer playing ability and independent
variables were the selected psychological variables. Psychological variables
included achievement motivation, anxiety, self-concept and aggression. The data
was statistically analyzed using Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple
regression analysis using SPSS. The psychological variable is also similar to my
study and the study was conducted to see the relationship which quiet similar to
my study.

Mills CD, Eglon HJ.(2018) was examined to the physiological external

workload, of amateur female footballers, across varying heart rate intensities,
interpret fatigue between each half of the Soccer-Specific Aerobic Field Test
(SAFT90). Maximum heart rate (HRmax) values were determined using the Yo-
Yo intermittent recovery level 1 (Yo-Yo IR Level 1) with the SAFT90 protocol
used to interpret the physiological and mechanical demands displayed during
football match. A one-way analysis of variance was applied to determine the
differences between each position (defenders, midfielders, and forwards) with the
level of significance at 0.05. Midfielders spent the largest proportion of time
between zone 2 and zone 4. Based on these results, coaches are able to determine
which type of physiological profile is needed for a specific position and use this
information to design specifically prescribed training programmes to maximise the
fitness development.