JOSE RIZAL AND

PHILIPPINE
NATIONALISM-
NATIONAL SYMBOL

Riza V. Rian
Rizal’s Concept of Nation Building

• Despite political inhibitions, Rizal aimed to

restore his peopl e’s d ig ni ty and recognize their
natural rights . He gained a better perspective
of his countr y ’s problem s .

• He began to understa nd that the prolonged

subjugation of his people was caused prim arily by
two factors, namely, the absence of national
consciousness and the education of the people.

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Rizal’s Concept of Nation Building
• B L U E P R I N T O F N AT I O N B U I L D I N G

a. Importance of Education

b. Instilling racial pride and dignity among the people

c. Promotion of National Consciousness

d. Re-orientation of values and attitudes

e. Willingness to sacrifice for the country

• Rizal looked upon education as a prerequisite to the realization

o f a p e o p l e ’s f r e e d o m . T h r o u g h e d u c a t i o n , p e o p l e o b t a i n
knowledge of themselves as individuals and as members of a
nation.

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Rizal’s Concept of Nation Building

• The long period of colonial domination and the

constant hum iliations and discrim ination
experienced by the Filipino people from their
colonial m asters produced a f eeling of inferiority
and a lack of racial pride and dignity.

• He wanted his people to dedicate their thoughts,

words, and actions not solely to th emselves as
individuals but as citizens of a nation .

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Rizal’s Concept of Nation Building

• Rizal em phasized th at nation -building is

accom panied by hardshi ps and suf feri ng s , which
the people must inevitably experience to bolster
their courage .

• The paramount problem during Rizal’s time was

the development of a national consci ousness . T he
people needed to realize the miserable facts of
their existe nce, the cause of their oppression,
and the sacrif ices they must endure to be f reed
from colonial domination .

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Rizal’s Program of Actions

1 . O rg ani ze a g ro u p of Filipino s tu de nts i n M a d rid tha t

w o uld u s e thei r vari ed tale nts to w o rk f or sol utio ns
to th e Philip pine p roblem s . [ CIR C ULO -HI SPANO
F I LI PIN O, Re v i st a d e l C i r cu l o H i s p a n o -F i l i p i n o ]

2 . Pro po s ed writi ng a b o ok s imila r to Ha rri et B ee che r

Sto w e’s U n cle Tom’s C a bin a n d Eu ge ne Sue ’s The
Wo nde rin g J ew, whi ch woul d de al wi th th e vario u s
a s pe cts of Filipin o life. Th e b ook wo uld be the
p r oje ct o f the C ir culo Hisp a no - Filipin o, w ith ea ch
m e m b e r co n trib u ting a ch a p te r.

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Rizal’s Program of Actions

3 . From the records in the vast Filipiana collecti on

of the British Museum , Rizal had pieced together t he
histor y of th e Philippines, which revealed that even
before the com ing of the Spaniards, the Filipinos
already had developed culture . And of these
records . He chose to annotate Morga’s Sucesos de
las Islas Filipinas .

4 . He wrote “T he I ndolence of the Filipinos,” which

cam e out as a series of ar ticles in La Solidaridad
from 15 July to 15 September 1899.

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Rizal’s Program of Actions

5 . Fea re d the p o s sibility o f the Filipino s r e so r tin g t o

a rm s as a d e sp e rate me an s to f ig ht, he w rote El
Filib u ste ri sm o t o s h o w hi s countr y me n t h e p rice they
s h o uld b e willin g to p ay an d the p r oblem s the y w ould
h ave to s olve f ir st b ef ore pl un gin g th e cou ntr y in to
r e vo l utio n .

6 . He th ou g ht of s h o win g the p eo ple ho w to o r ga nize

th e m s e lves i n to a co mp a ct, h om og en ou s b od y in
the Philippin es . Ri z al’s majo r pla n of o rg a niz a tio n was
th e e s ta b lis hm en t o f L a L i g a Fi l i pin a .

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Rizal’s Program of Actions

7. When he was depor ted to D apitan, he had

already accomplished a major par t of a self -im posed
mission of redeeming the Filipinos from medieval
colonialism . H is exile demonstrated the hero’s
untiring ef f or ts at contin uing the program of action
that he relentlessly pursued for the realization of
his blueprint of nation building .

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 Rizal’s Program of Reforms

The nationalism he taught his people did not

end with att aining independence . He looked beyond
independence to the progressive development of a
new nation in politics, e conom ics, te chnolog y, and
education . H is writings conveyed conc epts
applicable f or all tim e, especially in all m ajor areas
of political, socio-economic, and educational
reform s, and his m oral teachings and principles
convey the essence of national awarenes s .

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POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC REFORMS
A c c o rdi n g t o J o s e R i z a l , g ove rnme nt s a re e s ta bl i s he d f o r
t he we l fa r e o f t he pe opl e . .” -he wa nte d t o i n f l i ct th e
f o l l o w i ng r i g h ts :

1 . M a g n a C a r t a p r o t e c t s t h e l i f e , l i b e r ty, a n d p r o p e r ty o f
F i l i pi n o s .

2 . Re s t o ra ti o n o f F i l i pi n o re pre se nta ti o n i n t he S pa ni sh
Cortes

3 . F re e d om o f t h e pr e s s, o f a ss o c i a ti on , o f re l i g i on, a n d
e q u a l ity b e f o r e t h e l a w ; a n d

4 . F r e e do m a s s i mi l a ti o n o f t h e P h i l i ppi n e s

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EDUCATIONAL REFORMS

• Rizal insist ed that e ducation is necessar y

condition to a f ree society. Education should
liberate Fil ipinos from ignorance because
education is impor tant in nation -building .

• He believed in education in education that is f ree

from political and religious control . He asser ted
that reform cannot be achieved without a suitable
liberal education .

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EDUCATIONAL REFORMS
• H e w rote i n 1 8 90 , w hich d e s cribe d th e e d u catio n of
the ma s se s un de r the Spani s h r egim e . Ri zal sai d the
e du cati on o f the Filipi no s f rom bir th u ntil the g rave
i s b r u ta lizing , d e p r e ssi ng , a nd a nti - hu ma n.

• I t i s thr ou gh this s cen ari o tha t w e co uld be tter

u n de r sta n d w hy Ri zal wa s a s king for a dif f er en t
e du cati on, a n e w ide a o f te a chi ng th e Filipin o you th.
Ri zal b elieved th at even m o de s t edu cati on, n o
m atter r udime ntar y i t mig ht b e, if i t’s th e ri gh t
e du cati on f or the pe ople, th e r e sul t w ould be e no u gh
t o awake n th eir i de a s of p er fe cti on an d pr og re s s,
a n d e ve n tua lly, ch a n g e w o u l d f o l lo w.

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EDUCATIONAL REFORMS
• In brief, Rizal’s idea or concept of education is determined by the
following requirements:

1. The curriculum of a modern liberal education should include

religion, hygiene, mathematics, natural and social sciences,
literature, languages, physical culture, and the arts.

2. There should be a weekly accounting by teachers of student

progress and conduct; the well-behaved ones to be rewarded with
the posting of their names, and parents should informed monthly of
the progress, conduct, and health of their children.

3. The school should insist on accuracy and punctuality.

4. Teachers employed must pass the admission examination on a

competitive basis if there are several applicants.

5. There is to be no racial discrimination in the admission of students.

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THANK YOU

Rian, Riza V.
Instructor I

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Activity
In a 1whole size illustration board, paint or
create a mural showing the following.

1. heroism and the notion of sacrifice

2. literature and national consciousness

3. ethics and our concepts of leadership

4. ethnicity and national belonging

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Long Quiz
Schedule: BSHM 3D, December 4, 2023

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Long Quiz
Schedule: BSCE 2E, December 5, 2023

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Finals
V i d e o Po d c a s t S e r i e s :

• P r od u ce a vi de o p o d ca st se ri e s d i s c u s s in g R i z a l ' s l i fe ,
w o r k s, a n d r e l e va n ce i n t he c on t e m p o ra r y F i l i pi no
context.

• I n cl ude v i d e o i nte r vi e w s wi th hi st o ri a n s, s c h ol a r s, a nd
c o m m u ni ty l e a d e r s t o p r ov i de d i ve r se p e r s p e c ti ve s .

• 2 0 - 3 0 m i n u te s

• S ubmi ssi o n ; D e ce m be r 13, 2023, vi a e ma i l , se nd to

r i z a ri a n @c s pc . e d u . p h

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