𝑦 2 𝑦 3

𝑒𝑦 = 1 + 𝑦 + + +. . 𝑙𝑎𝑙𝑢 𝑦 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛 𝑥 2

2! 3!
CONTOH SOAL

1. Carilah solusi dari. x𝒚′ = xy + y

Solusi. : Cara Pertama
𝒙+𝟏 𝒅𝒚 𝒙+𝟏
xy’=(x+1) y→ y’= 𝒚 −→ = 𝒚
𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒙
𝒅𝒚 𝒙+𝟏
= 𝒅𝒙, integralkan sehingga didapat
𝒚 𝒙

𝓵𝒏 𝒚 = 𝒙 + 𝓵𝒏 𝒙 + 𝒄,
𝓵𝒏 𝒚 − 𝒍𝒏 𝒙 − 𝒍𝒏 𝒄 = 𝒙 +
𝒚 𝒚
𝓵𝒏 = 𝒙 −→ = 𝒆𝒙
𝒄𝒙 𝒄𝒙
y = cxex.
Cara Kedua
Carilah solusi dari xy’=xy+y
Solusi
y = ao + a1x +a2x2 + a3x3 + ...+anxn+ ..
𝑦 ′ = 𝑎1 + 2𝑎2 𝑥 + 3 𝑎3 𝑥 2 + 4𝑎4 𝑥 3 + ⋯
𝑥𝑦 ′ = 𝑎1 𝑥 + 2𝑎2 𝑥 2 + 3 𝑎3 𝑥 3 + 4𝑎4 𝑥 4 + ⋯
xy = aox+ a1 𝑥 2 +a2 𝑥 3 + a3 𝑥 4 + ...+an 𝑥 𝑛+1 ..
konstan x 𝒙𝟐 𝒙𝒏

Xy’ 0 𝑎1 2𝑎2 𝑛𝑎𝑛

xy 0 𝑎0 𝑎1 𝑎𝑛−1

y 𝑎0 𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑎𝑛
 const. x x2 … xn …
x𝑦 ′ 0 a1 2a2 nan
xy 0 a0 a1 an-1
y a0 a1 a2 an

a0 = 0, a1 = a0 + a1, 2a2 = a1 + a2 …, nan = an-1 + an

 a0 = 0, a1 =sembarang(arbitrary), a2 = a1, …,
an= an-1/ (n-1)!,
𝑎1
a3 = a1/2, a4 = a5 = a1/4!, …, an = a1/ (n-1)! .
3!

sehingga
𝑥3 𝑥4 𝑥𝑛
y = a1 (𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + + + ⋯+ + ⋯)
2 3! 𝑛−1 !
Contoh 2
Carilah y dari 𝑦 ′′ = −4 𝑦
Solusi
y = ao + a1x +a2x2 + a3x3 + ...+anxn+ ..
𝑦 ′ = 𝑎1 + 2𝑎2 𝑥 + 3 𝑎3 𝑥 2 + 4𝑎4 𝑥 3 + ⋯
𝑦 ′′ = 2𝑎2 +2.3 𝑎3 x+3.4 𝑎4 𝑥 2 + ⋯ .

−4𝑦 = −4𝑎0 − 4𝑎1 𝑥 − 4𝑎2 𝑥 2 − 4𝑎3 𝑥 3 + ⋯

2𝑎2 +2.3 𝑎3 x+3.4 𝑎4 𝑥 2 + ⋯ = −4𝑎0 − 4𝑎1 𝑥 − 4𝑎2 𝑥 2 − 4𝑎3 𝑥 3

So 2𝑎2 = −4𝑎0 → 𝑎2 = −2 𝑎0 3! 𝑎3 = −4𝑎1→ 𝑎3 =-4/6 𝑎1

2
3.4 𝑎4 = −4𝑎2 → 𝑎4 =-1/3 𝑎2 = 3 𝑎0

2
𝑦 = 𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥 − 2 𝑎0 𝑥 2 − 4/6 𝑎1 𝑥 3 + 3 𝑎0 𝑥 4 + ⋯