BASKETBALL

BASKETBALL
• Basketball is a team sport in which two
teams, most commonly of five players
each, opposing one another on a
rectangular court, compete with the
primary objective of shooting a
basketball through the defender's
hoop, while preventing the opposing
team from shooting through their own
hoop.
 HISTORY
• The creation of Basketball
James Naismith
❖ a Canadian-American physical educator, physician,
Christian chaplain, and sports coach
In the winter of 1891, when a 30-year-old physical education instructor
from the International YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts
invented an indoor game that could be played between football and
baseball seasons, basket ball – originally two words – was born.

The Birthplace of Basketball

❖ The game was invented by Springfield College instructor
and graduate student James Naismith in 1891
❖ The first “hoops” were actually just peach baskets and the
first backboards were made of wire
PROPER ATTIRE
EQUIPMENTS
The basketball hoop refers to
the orange rim attached on a
backboard. This is where
basketball players try to shoot
the ball through

Basketball jerseys are used to

separate and identify different
teams and players on the
basketball
• Basketball shoes or
sneakers are specially
designed to provide good
ankle support and
excellent traction on the
court.
• A type of relatively
lightweight shorts with
elastic waistbands
designed for use in sports
and physical activity,
especially gym class.
• There are a few key things that
basketball socks do differently
than other types of socks.
They Help improve blood
circulation, which can lead to
better energy and
performance. Wick away
moisture from the feet, keeping
them dry and comfortable.

• Basketball bags are mainly

used for storing equipment,
transporting items to and from
the court, and protecting
belongings while playing.
Basketball bags can hold
equipment such as shoes,
clothing, mouthguards, water
bottles, and basketballs.
• Headbands, or sweatbands, are worn around
the forehead during physical activity to absorb
sweat and keep it from reaching the eyes.
Sweatbands are often made of a continuous
loop of terrycloth, as it is a particularly
absorbent fabric.

• The rim in basketball is a metal circle which the

ball must go through in order for a point to be
scored. The net is attached to the bottom of the
rim and hangs below and behind the rim is the
backboard. This creates what we know as the
basketball hoop.
• Using a net, whether it be a chain linked net or
a laced net is great for stopping the basketball
once it goes through the rim. It's also used to
help referees and teammates to confirm a
basket.
• The main purpose of basketball ball racks is to
hold and organize a certain amount of basketballs.
Rather than leaving balls all around and causing a
mess, ball racks are a place for basketballs to be
neatly stored

• An air pump is a pump for pushing air. Examples

include a bicycle pump, pumps that are used to
aerate an aquarium or a pond via an airstone; a
gas compressor used to power a pneumatic tool,
air horn or pipe organ; a bellows used to
encourage a fire; a vacuum cleaner and a vacuum
pump

• They are used to wipe away any kind of sweat that

is secreted from the players. These towels will
often wipe away sweat from the eyes of athletes in
order to improve vision capabilities for shooting.
• Basketball referees express
themselves mostly with a whistle. It
makes the action stop (a foul, a ball
out of bounds, a timeout), though it
occasionally foretells that action is
about to start (the end of a timeout
or a ball about to be inbounded)

• Baller bands are usually worn by

basketball players for team
identification or fashion. Oftentimes,
silicone baller bands are worn by
NBA players to make a statement or
share a powerful messageded)
 COURT DIMENSION/VENUE
• In basketball, the basketball court is the playing surface, consisting
of a rectangular floor, with baskets at each end. Indoor basketball
courts are always made of polished wood, usually maple, with 3.048
meters (10 ft)-high rims on each basket. Outdoor surfaces are
generally made from standard paving materials such
as concrete or asphalt. International competitions may use glass
basketball courts
• The playing area of a basketball court is 91.8ft (28m) in length and 49.21ft
(15m) wide. Indoor courts should be 22.96ft (7m) in height.

Sidelines
The outer edge of the court is denoted by the sidelines, which run the length
of the court. On a full-sized court they measure 28m.

Baseline and endline

The terms baseline and endline both refer to the ends of the court running
behind the goals. Typically they measure 15m.
The use of the different terms depends on the direction a team is playing.
Endline is the term for the end of the court which a team is defending,
baseline is the for the attacking end.
Mid court
• This is the halfway mark on the court and is used to denote the offensive
playing area during a game.
• On a full-sized court, the mid court line would be 14m from each endline.

Centre circle
• Used for the opening tip off, the centre circle has a 3.6m diameter.

Three point line

• The three point lines are the arcs that mark a range boundary from each
hoop. Scoring from outside this line is worth three points. The distance of
the line will vary depending on the level of game, but is typically 6.75m
from the basket.
Free throw line
• The free throw line, marked 4.6m from the backboard, is the mark at
which a player must stand when shooting free throws.

Free throw circle

• The free throw circle is the same size as the centre circle (3.6m in
diameter). Shooters must stay inside this circle when taking a free
throw. The circle is also used for jump balls.

Free throw lane lines/key

• -Lane lines run from the free throw line to the baseline, to form the
'key'. The shape and width can vary depending on the level of the
game, but FIBA (International Basketball Federation) regulation
changes in 2010 set it as a 4.9m by 5.8m rectangle.
• -Some also include space markings to keep opposing players from
obstructing the free throw shooter.
• Backboard dimensions are 1.8m x 1.22m, with a minimum
thickness of 19mm. Backboards can be made of either timber or
transparent material and must be fitted with padding at all levels
above U16.
• Backboard line markings should be 50mm in width and either black
or white, depending on the material of the board. The inner
rectangle should measure 0.45m x 0.59m.
Goals
• The basketball goal (also known as a ring
or hoop) is typically 18 inches (45.72cm) in
diameter and must be positioned 3.05m
from the floor.
 TECHNICAL SKILLS
Passing and Receiving
• The technical skills that make up the fundamentals of ball handling are
crucial in playing any type of basketball. Effective passing requires that a
player understand how to move their feet in a fluid manner while also
having the ability to generate topspin and turnovers. Receiving the ball
well requires that a player possess good hands and a solid handle, but
also be able to stop on a dime and change directions with authority.

Dribbling
• Dribbling is one of the technical and tactical skills of basketball yet so
many players fail to master this important skill. Many youth coaches
focus on fundamentals to improve their players’ dribbling skills
specifically because they believe it is one of the key distinctions between
less experienced and more experienced players. A player who can
dribble with both hands with confidence has a real advantage in terms of
his ability to help his team most effectively, even if he’s not the most
athletic or energetic player on the court.
Rebounding
• Rebounding in basketball is a tactic used by the defensive team to
regain possession of the ball or to steal the ball from an opposing
offensive player. The ability to rebound is one of the many skills
required in basketball. Along with assists and steals, rebounding is
often considered to be one of the most important duties in
basketball, as it can have a major impact on whether a defensive or
offensive team will emerge victoriously.

Shooting
• Shooting in basketball refers to a number of basketball skills that
involve taking a shot at the basket. These may be free throws, shots
taken from behind the three-point line, or as part of other plays like
alley-oops, passes off rebounds, and so on. Shooting is among the
most basic of basketball skills, yet it is also one of the most
fundamental. While there are several types of shooting techniques
that can be employed, shooting is one of the technical and tactical
skills of basketball that should be focused on.
Shot blocking
• There is a lot more going on than just the numerical value of the
points you get to shoot. A good shot blocker will use his height and
reach effectively, start his feet and then use his hand-eye
coordination to keep his arm in the air after his shot is made. A good
shot blocker also has great balance and flexibility in his left leg
which allows him to change his angle on attempts near the basket or
behind the arc.
Spacing
TACTICAL SKILLS
• While there are many technical and tactical skills of basketball, it is spacing
that really makes up the foundation. The amount of spacing on the court
has a huge effect on defense, offense, and even rebounding in basketball.
It’s commonly said that the best shot in basketball is no shot at all because
a defender can sometimes render a good offensive player useless with
proper swarming defense. And while spacing on defense is important to
ensure open shooters aren’t left open, you also need effective spacing on
offense to ensure the best pass opportunities as well.

Cutting through the lane

• Cutting through the lane is the most direct route by which a basketball
player can move toward that basket. Cutting in this fashion allows players to
finish with a lay-up, take their defender off-balance, or pass quickly to
players on the wings. The proper use of cutting movements is crucial
because they can open up scoring opportunities for teammates, or
dramatically improve the shot quality of one’s own shots.
Setting ball screens
• Setting ball screens is one of the integral technical and tactical skills
of basketball that opens up a number of opportunities to attack the
defense and find your best player in a scoring position. Setting good
ball screens is made up of five parts: footwork, contact, angle,
balance, and finishing the play. Each section focuses on an element
of setting a screen that if overlooked adds up to give your opponent
the opportunity to defend the play effectively.

Help defense
• Defense wins championships. As cliche as it sounds, it is true. No
offensive team can be successful without a strong defense. From
the game of basketball, we have seen how some players become
successful while others don’t. One of these reasons is because they
put the work on their defense more than they do on their offense.
So, as a player, it is essential to contribute to the defense of the
game.
1.
RULES
Only five players per team on the court.
2. Score more than your opponent to win
3. Score within the shot clock
4. Dribbling advances the ball
5. The offense has five seconds to inbound the ball
6. The offense must advance the ball
7. Ball and ballhandler must remain inbounds.
8. Defenders can’t interfere with a shot on a downward trajectory.
9. Defenders can legally block or steal the ball.
10. Defenders must leave the paint after three seconds
11. Each team is allotted a certain number of fouls.
12. Illegal contact results in a foul
13. Illegal contact results in a personal foul.
14. Excessive contact results in a flagrant foul
15. Charges and illegal screens result in an offensive foul.
16. Certain rule violations result in technical fouls.
 OFFICIATING
• What is Officiating?

In basketball, an official (usually called a

referee) enforces the rules and maintains
order in the game. The title of official also
applies to the scorers and timekeepers, as
we as other personnel that have an active
task in maintaining the game.
• Referee
➢ is the official that controls the game.
➢ The one who tosses the ball up for the center jump at the start of
the game and each overtime period
➢ When a basketball referee makes a call, he will used hand
signals to notify the layers and spectators for foul, violation or
stoppage of play.

HANDS SIGNALS OF A REFEREE

• SCORER AND TIMER
Scorer must record , in numerical order , names and numbers of
all players , record field goals ade and free throws made and
missed , keep a running summary of points scored, record fouls
alled on each player and notify officials when a player
disqualification or bunos-free throw situation arises