Motivation: Guessing Game

BBLINGDRI
 Answer

DRIBBLING
INGPASS
 Answer

PASSING
EERREFE
 ANSWER

REFEREE
YERSPLA
 ANSWER

PLAYERS
LAVIOTION
 ANSWER

VIOLATION
OULSF
ANSWER

FOULS
HOOGNTIS
 ANSWER

SHOOTING
KETBABALSL
BASKETBALL
Prepared by:
Andres A. Toledo
 Topics in Basketball Game
• The History of Basketball
• The Equipment
• The Basic Skills
• The Rules and Regulations
• Violations
• Fouls
History
• Basketball is built into the fabric of Springfield College. The game was invented by
Springfield College instructor and graduate student James Naismith in 1891, and has
grown into the worldwide athletic phenomenon we know it to be today.
•  It was the winter of 1891-1892. Inside a gymnasium at Springfield College (then
known as the International YMCA Training School), located in Springfield, Mass., was
a group of restless college students. The young men had to be there; they were required
to participate in indoor activities to burn off the energy that had been building up since
their football season ended. The gymnasium class offered them activities such as
marching, calisthenics, and apparatus work, but these were pale substitutes for the
more exciting games of football and lacrosse they played in warmer seasons.
• Word of the new game spread like wildfire. It was an instant success. A few weeks
after the game was invented, students introduced the game at their own YMCAs.
The rules were printed in a College magazine, which was mailed to YMCAs
around the country. Because of the College’s well-represented international student
body, the game of basketball was introduced to many foreign nations in a relatively
short period of time. High schools and colleges began to introduce the new game,
and by 1905, basketball was officially recognized as a permanent winter sport.
• The rules have been tinkered with, but by-and-large, the game of “basket ball” has
not changed drastically since Naismith’s original list of “Thirteen Rules” was
tacked up on a bulletin board at Springfield College.
• Much time and thought went into this new creation. It became an
adaptation of many games of its time, including American rugby
(passing), English rugby (the jump ball), lacrosse (use of a goal), soccer
(the shape and size of the ball), and something called duck on a rock, a
game Naismith had played with his childhood friends in Bennie’s Corners,
Ontario. Duck on a rock used a ball and a goal that could not be rushed.
The goal could not be slammed through, thus necessitating “a goal with a
horizontal opening high enough so that the ball would have to be tossed
into it, rather than being thrown.”
• James Naismith, the inventor of basketball, was an instructor in physical
education at the College. It was Luther Halsey Gulick, Naismith’s
supervisor and the College’s first physical education director, who
challenged Naismith to invent a new indoor game for the School’s
students to play during the long New England winter. There is currently
no evidence to suggest that either man ever worked for the Armory Hill
YMCA, per se.
Equipment
• The Ball 

Professional leagues such as the NBA have very precise parameters for the
official basketball they use. This includes color, material, size, air
pressure, and bounce. The main thing to know about the basketball is the
size. There are different sizes for different ages as well as for boys and for
girls. 
Standard Men’s Basketball (Size
7) - This is the size used by the NCAA
men, boys high school, as well as the
NBA. It has a circumference between
29.5 and 30 inches and weighs
between 20 and 22 ounces. 

Standard Women’s Basketball (Size

6) - This is the basketball used by
NCAA women, girls high school, and
the WNBA. It is between 28.5 and 29
inches in circumference and weighs
18-20 ounces. 
• The Basket 

The basket is made up of the backboard, rim, and net. The rim is 18 inches in diameter. A
regulation backboard is 72 inches wide by 48 inches tall, although you will find
backboards can vary in size. 

The rim should be 10 feet from the ground. Typically a 10 foot rim is used from ages 6th
grade and older. For younger kids you can lower the goal so that they can take a proper
shot at the goal. For kindergarten through second grade children you can try a 6-foot goal.
Then move it up to 8 feet for 3rd and 4th grade. Try nine feet for 5th grade. Of course, this
depends on the size, strength, and skill of the player. 
The basketball net hooks onto
eight rungs on the bottom of the
rim. It hangs down around 15 to
18 inches. The net helps to slow
the ball coming through the hoop
and also to help see whether a
basket was made or not. 
• The Uniform 

The basketball uniform generally consists of a tank

top and shorts. You also need socks and some good
basketball type sneakers. Basketball sneakers are
good for all the starting and stopping required in
the game. You can choose high tops, low tops, or
three quarter height shoes. If you play under the
basket a lot you may want high tops to help protect
you from getting a twisted ankle. 

You should not wear a watch or a shirt with buttons

while playing basketball. These can scratch or get
caught on other players. Also, you may want to
wear a mouthpiece to protect your teeth. 
• Basketball
Court
Basic Skills
• Dribbling
Dribbling is an important skill for all basketball
players. This skill will allow you to move up and
down the court, maneuver past defenders and
execute plays. Proper dribbling requires ball-
handling skills and knowledge of how to spread
your fingers for ball control. It is also best if you
know how to dribble equally well with both
hands.
• Shooting
In order to score points in basketball, you
need to shoot the ball into the hoop. This
requires the ability to properly hold and
throw the ball into the air toward the
basket while avoiding defenders. A proper
shot requires precise aiming, arm
extension and lift from the legs. There are
different types of shots you need to learn,
including jump shots, layups and free
throws.
 
Types of Shooting
• Set Shot
• Layup Shot
• Jump Shot
• Hook Shot
• Slam Dunk
• Running
Running is a big part of basketball. In a
full-court game, you will find yourself
running back and forth as the game
quickly transitions between offense and
defense. When you have the ball,
running will help you to avoid defenders
and get to the basket quicker. On
defense, you often will find yourself
needing to run after the opponent,
especially during fast breaks.
• Passing
Passing is another skill that when mastered
can help you become a complete basketball
player. Basketball is a team sport that
involves finding a teammate who is open for
a shot. The ability to pass the ball to this
player can make the difference between
scoring and not scoring. Really great passers
are an important part of a basketball team
and usually the ones who set up scoring
plays.
Types of Passing
• Chest Pass
• Overhead Pass
• Bounce Pass
• Baseball Pass
• Jumping
Jumping is another skill that can define
how good a basketball player is. Jumping is
involved in offense during the jump ball in
the beginning, while taking shots and
sometimes while trying to catch a pass. On
defensive you will need the ability to jump
when trying to block a shot or a pass. Being
able to out jump your opponent for a
rebound also is important.
 Deepening Questions
• Why playing basketball is good for you?
• Why is basketball important to your health?
• How do you get stronger in basketball?
• How does basketball help your brain?
 Synthesis
• Three things I learned from the lesson discussed today, and I will explain.
• Complete the statement:
• I learned that _________________________________________________
• I realized that _________________________________________________
Assessment: Explain the following questions.

1. Why is basketball so entertaining?

2. Can basketball help you make money? Explain how or why?
 7 Reasons Why Playing Basketball Is Good
For You
1. Burn Calories
The game of basketball revolves around the movement of the players on
the court. The motions of running, jumping and rapid lateral movements can
deliver a great deal of exercise where calories can be burnt.
2. Helps Improve Cardiovascular Health
Playing basketball is equivalent to an aerobic work out. It get the heart
pumping and is a vital way to decrease your chance of the risk of heart
disease.
 7 Reasons…
3. Boosts The Immune System
The immune system is the body’s internal defence system and playing
basketball strengthens this. Having a strong and healthy immune system
protects our bodies from bacteria, viruses and toxins.
4. Develops and Improves Bone Strength
Our bones make the frame of our body and protect our internal organs
and provides minerals to our bones which result in it’s strengthening.
 7 Reasons…
5. Promotes Muscle Development
Jumping, running, passing, and shooting stimulates the corresponding
muscles and thus help muscles to grow stronger.
6. Benefits Mental Health
Playing basketball improves overall confidence as the playing skills you
develop in the game can provide you with higher self-esteem on and off the
court.
 7 Reasons…
7. Being Social
Lastly, basketball is a team sport and so joining a team or a club can give
you lasting friendships and connections.
Rules and Regulations
• The rules of basketball can vary slightly depending on the level of play (for example
professional rules differ from college rules) or where the game is played (international rules
are different from USA professional rules). These rule differences, however, are usually just
variations on the basic game of basketball and the majority of the rules discussed below can be
applied to most any game of basketball played. 

The winner of a basketball game is the team with the most points. You get points by throwing
the basketball through the opponent's hoop or basket. In regular play a basket made from
within the three point line is worth 2 points and a basket shot from outside the three point line
is worth three points. When shooting a free throw, each free throw is worth 1 point. 
• Rules for the offense 
The basketball team on offense is the team with the basketball. When a player has the basketball there are certain rules they must follow: 

1) The player must bounce, or dribble, the ball with one hand while moving both feet. If, at any time, both hands touch the ball or the player
stops dribbling, the player must only move one foot. The foot that is stationary is called the pivot foot. 

2) The basketball player can only take one turn at dribbling. In other words, once a player has stopped dribbling they cannot start another
dribble. A player who starts dribbling again is called for a double-dribbling violation and looses the basketball to the other team. A player
can only start another dribble after another player from either team touches or gains control of the basketball. This is usually after a shot or
pass. 

3) The ball must stay in bounds. If the offensive team looses the ball out of bounds the other team gets control of the basketball. 

4) The players hand must be on top of the ball while dribbling. If they touch the bottom of the basketball while dribbling and continue to
dribble this is called carrying the ball and the player will lose the ball to the other team. 

5) Once the offensive team crosses half court, they may not go back into the backcourt. This is called a backcourt violation. If the defensive
team knocks the ball into the backcourt, then the offensive team can recover the ball legally.
• Defensive Rules 
The team on defense is the team without the basketball. 

1) The main rule for the defensive player is not to foul. A foul is described as gaining an unfair advantage through physical contact. There is
some interpretation that has to be made by the referee, but, in general, the defensive player may not touch the offensive player in a way that
causes the offensive player to lose the ball or miss a shot. 

• Rules for everyone 

1) Although the foul rule is described above as a defensive rule, it applies exactly the same to all players on the court including offensive
players. 

2) Basketball players cannot kick the ball or hit it with their fist. 

3) No player can touch the basketball while it is traveling downward towards the basket or if it is on the rim. This is called goaltending.
(touching the ball on the rim is legal in some games). 

Every player on the court is subject to the same rules regardless of the position they play. The positions in basketball are just for team
basketball strategy and there are no positions in the rules. 
Violations
• Traveling (walking)
One of the basic ideas of the sport of
basketball is that you have to dribble or
bounce the ball while you are walking
or running. When you have stopped
dribbling one of your feet will become
your pivot foot. You cannot move your
pivot foot or lift it off of the ground. If
you do, this is called traveling.
• Double dribble
You only get to dribble once in
basketball. If you stop dribbling you
have to pass it to another player or
shoot the ball. If you start dribbling
again, this is called double dribbling.
• Three seconds
Offensive players are not allowed
to stay in the free throw lane, or
key, for more than three seconds.
Anytime they leave the key or
the ball hits the rim, the three
second count starts over again.
• Ten Seconds
The offensive team has 10
seconds to get the ball across half
court. If it takes longer than 10
seconds, then they will lose
possession of the ball.
• Over-and-back
Once the offensive team has
gotten the ball over half court,
they cannot go back into the
defender's half court with the ball.
This is called over-and-back.
• Carrying (palming)
Carrying, or palming, is like a double
dribble. Players may not put the palm
of their hands under the ball or carry
the ball in one hand for a long time.
This is similar to holding the ball and a
double dribble.
• Lane violations
During a free throw shot, players will
line up on both sides of the lane. If
they jump into the lane prior to the
shot, it will be called a lane violation.
If it was an offensive player, a made
shot will not count. If it was a
defensive player, a missed shot will not
count and the shooter will get another
try.
• Out of bounds 

The ball is considered out of bounds when it touches the ground outside
the lines of the court. The lines themselves are considered out of bounds
as well. It is also out of bounds if the ball touches a player who has any
part of their body touching the ground out of bounds. 
Fouls
• Basketball is sometimes called a non-contact sport. Although, there is
plenty of legal contact between players, some contact is considered illegal.
If an official decides that the contact is illegal, they will call a personal
foul. 

Most of the fouls in a game are committed by the defense, but the offense
can commit fouls as well.
Types of Fouls
• Personal Fouls
Among all the types of basketball fouls, personal foul is the most common type. It relates to the physical contacts, the
illegal ones that are not acceptable in the game of basketball. It can be divided into two more categories, defensive fouls
and offensive fouls.
• Defensive Fouls
Illegal physical contacts which are made by defensive players are known as defensive fouls. These contacts are primarily
aimed to impede the progress of offensive player. Some of the typical defensive fouls are blocking, reaching in, holding,
tripping and pushing.
• Offensive Fouls
Offensive players also commit personal fouls, mainly charging and illegal screen. Charging is called when offensive
player moves into a defensive player, pretending as he is fouled by the defender and illegal screen when player setting the
screen constantly moves and blocks the way of the defender.
• Flagrant Foul
When an illegal physical contact gets more violent, obvious, unnecessary and excessive, then it is
called a flagrant foul. It’s intended to harm a player and results in more harsher penalties than
personal fouls. Hitting, punching, shoving etc in such manner that could injure a player or
actually ends up hurting him can lead to fines and ejection from the game. There are two types of
flagrant fouls: flagrant foul 1 and flagrant foul 2. Upon measuring the severity of contact, referee
decides whether to call it type 1 or type 2. He can reclassify his decision after reviewing it.
• Technical Fouls
Technical foul include those acts or behaviors that are against the sportsmanship or spirit of the
game. It’s an unsportsmanlike conduct from an on court player, bench player, coach or entire
team against a player, coach, referee or spectator. For example, releasing anger or frustration in
reckless manner like throwing chair or any object, spitting, punting a ball, using improper
language or trash talking. Team fighting or fight with crowd, pretending to be fouled
• Typical Defensive Fouls 

Blocking - A blocking foul is called when

one player uses their body to prevent the
movement of another player. This is often
called when the defensive player is trying
to draw a charge, but does not have their
feet set or initiates the contact. 
• Hand Check - A hand check foul is called when a player uses their hands
to impede or slow the movement of another player. This is usually called
on the defensive player covering the player with the ball on the perimeter. 
• Holding - Similar to a hand check foul, but is generally called when a
player grabs another player and holds on to prevent them from moving. 
• Illegal Hand Use - This foul is called for any use of the hands on another
player that the referee thinks is illegal. It's generally called when you hit
another player on the arm during shooting or when trying to steal the ball. 
• Typical Offensive Fouls 

Charging - Charging is called on the

player with the ball when they run into a
player that already has position. If the
defensive player doesn't have position or
is moving, then generally the official
will call blocking on the defender. 
• Moving Screen - A moving screen is called when the player setting the pick
or screen is moving. When setting a screen you have to stand still and
maintain position. Sliding a bit over to block your opponent will cause a
moving screen foul to be called. 

Over the Back - This foul is called when rebounding. If one player has
position, the other player is not allowed to jump up over their back to try
and get the ball. This is called on both offensive and defensive players. 
 Deepening Questions
• Situation: In the referee’s judgment, he saw you commit deliberate foul in
the game of basketball and penalized you to be sent out of the game. Will
you complain? Why?
• Situation: In your intramural’s basketball game, your coach did not field
you in the game. How would you feel? Will you question his decision?
Why?
Thank you!