Key Points from The G20 Session I& II

The G 20 summit, being held at Bharat Mandapam has been an astute

visual treat that embraced Bharat in its totality celebrating the
Santana roots with pride, shedding away the pre-existent colonial
mindset.

A 28 feet tall Nataraja statue that adorned the entry point of Bharat
Mandapam is testament to India's purity and brilliance. The
mandapam also presented a 'Culture Corridor'; that brings the best
and the most valuable artefacts’ from all the 29 countries in one space
signifying the essence of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam -- the theme of
the G20.

The speech by PM Modi as President of G 20 in the opening session

endorsed our true Vedic spirit of ownership, empowerment, sense of
duty and overcoming trust deficit.

Key Takeaways of Sessions:

1.African Union inducted as the new permanent member of G 20

(now G21), pushing forward a new world over.
2.Trust deficit that has risen in recent years has to overcome by
greater cooperation between member countries of G 20.
3. Comprehensive rail and shipping connectivity network announced
linking US, India, Saudi Arabia & Gulf and Arab states, and European
Union.
4. Among the most contentious issues, Delhi Declaration has been
adopted with China and Russia in agreement to it. It called on nations
to uphold international law, including territorial integrity and
sovereignty, international humanitarian law, and the multilateral
system that safeguards peace and stability.
5. The key points of above declaration were then communicated by
India's G20 Sherpa Amitabh Kant, who emphasised that the focus
areas of New Delhi G20 declaration were:1

• Strong, Sustainable, Balanced, and Inclusive Growth

• Accelerating Progress on SDGs
• Green Development Pact for a Sustainable Future
• Multilateral Institutions for the 21st Century
• Reinvigorating Multilateralism

6. PM Modi announced the launch of Global Biofuel Alliance to boost

the use of cleaner fuels. It was affirmed that this alliance will
accelerate global efforts to meet net zero emissions targets by
facilitating trade in biofuels derived from various sources, including
plant and animal waste.

By the end of Sessions, due to these big bang announcements, India’s

G20 Presidency is being vouched as the one of most successful
presidencies that the world has ever seen.

A New Game Changer to Rival Belt and Road Initiative-

Announcement Of a Railway And Shipping Connectivity Corridor-

Reasons2,

• The infra deal will reduce shipping time and cost making trade
cheaper and faster.
• It is being offered as an alternative to China’s Belt and Road
project, which has left a host of developing countries in deep
debt such as Pakistan, Kenya, Zambia, Laos and Mongolia.

1 https://www.livemint.com/news/india/g20-summit-2023-live-updates-pm-modi-us-joe-biden-
semiconductors-defence-rishi-sunak-china-uk-russia-france-new-delhi-11694221879068.html
2 https://swarajyamag.com/world/what-the-us-india-counter-to-china-in-the-middle-east-could-look-like
 • China is known to be an unforgiving lender and its emergency
financial relief is also more expensive than that provided by
other foreign governments and multilateral banks.34 China is
now accused of “debt trap diplomacy" through this initiative.
• The countries involved in the new corridor will experience
increased the flow of energy, trade and digital
communications.
• Corridor will tackle the infrastructure deficit that hampers
growth in lower- and middle-income nations.
• The project could contribute to reducing tensions and instability
in the Middle East, thereby improving overall regional security.
• Infact, it has been well acknowledged that Indian involvement
in global welfare causes has been unique in intent, methods
and outcomes as can be seen in case of Africa relative to China.
• A specific announcement timeline has not been indicated.

Belt and Road Initiative: It was announced by China in 2013 and

literally means one belt one road – which is a commitment to deepen
China’s integration with global economy much beyond just trade and
investment flows. It steers easing bottlenecks to Eurasian trade by
improving and building networks of connectivity across Central,
Western and Southern Asia and reaching out to the Middle East as well
as East and North Africa. 5

3 https://www.livemint.com/news/india/g20-summit-pm-modi-joe-biden-to-unveil-rail-and-shipping-corridor-
linking-india-to-middle-east-europe-11694232557784.html
4 https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/economy/story/india-us-saudi-arabia-uae-in-discussion-for-a-railway-

deal-to-connect-middle-east-report-397422-2023-09-08
5 https://apnews.com/article/china-debt-banking-loans-financial-developing-countries-collapse-

8df6f9fac3e1e758d0e6d8d5dfbd3ed6