SNS - Manual

Installation, Operation
and Maintenance
instructions
SNS
Process pump
N32486en 4 2020-03-12 Product Version 1, 2.25 G01-G02 (ISO)

Installation, Operation and
Document No. N32486en
Maintenance instruction Document version: 4
Release Date: 2020-02-14
Replaces: 2016-06-01
Subject: Table of contents Page 1 of 3
N32487en Information for use

General
Definitions
Decommissioning
N32488en Reception of supply

Supply inspection
Storage
N32489en Safety instructions

General
Safety of machinery
Necessary safety precautions
Signs affixed to the equipment
Equipment used with food grade products
Operating conditions that have an effect on equipment safety
N32490en Lifting and transfers

Safety precautions
Lifting and moving of the pump parts and assemblies
N32491en Product description

Type designation
Intended use
Operating limits of pump
Permitted flange forces
Fastener information
Head and flow requirements
Sound level charts
Balancing
N32492en Installation at the site

Safety procedures before installation
Installation of grouted baseplate of pump
Installation of pump onto baseplate
Installation of motor onto baseplate
Instrumentation
N32493en Operation
Safety procedures before start-up
Starting the pump
Stopping the pump
Measures after the first operation
Troubleshooting, operation
N32494en Preventive maintenance

General
Temperatures
Noise and vibration analysis
Discharge pressure
Corrosion and wear
Shaft sealing
Bearing unit
N32495en Maintenance
Safety procedures before maintenance
Used equipment / tools
Disassembly
ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND OY

Installation, Operation and
Maintenance instruction Document version: 4
Subject: Table of contents Page 2 of 3
Inspection of wearing parts

Reassembly
N32496en Mechanical seal
N33727en Appendix A
Ignition hazard assesment

Information for use
Applies to pump types: CPE, CPT, SNS
1 General
2 Definitions
3 Decomissionig
N32487en
USER’S MANUAL
Document no. N32487en
CPE, CPT, SNS Document version: 4
Release date: 2018-03-01
Page 2 of 4
Subject: Information for use
1 General
This instruction set contains all necessary information related to the equipment and accessories included in the
supply. You can find all the supplied instructions in the Parts List under the heading "Instructions".
WARNING
Before you use the equipment, the operation personnel must know the correct and safe operation of
the equipment. Inform the personnel of these instructions.
Only authorized personnel who know the design, operation and safety precautions can operate the equipment.
The range of responsibilities and control of the personnel must be clearly specified by the plant operator.
Our guarantee is applicable only if you do the installation, operation, maintenance and repairs of this equipment
as described in these instructions. The plant operator must make sure that the personnel that operate the
equipment fully know these instructions.
We recommend that you use supervision and servicing from an approved Sulzer representative to ensure stable
start-up and operation. Do regular inspections during the operation to ensure safe operation in all conditions.
NOTE
Do not make changes to the equipment before Sulzer has accepted them.
It is an important safety precaution to use only spare parts and accessories approved by Sulzer. Use only original
Sulzer spare parts. Refer to the parts list of the initial supply. The use of other parts can release Sulzer from all
liability.
The local Sulzer representative can help you if it is necessary to get more instructions. If assistance related to the
product or its instructions is necessary, your local representative can quickly supply the necessary information.
If necessary, follow the instructions provided for the possible long-term storage (more than 3 months).
All customer instructions are available in an electronic format for viewing and printing.
If the supply includes customer instructions or other data in an editable electronic format, Sulzer is only
responsible for the contents of printed paper versions of instructions and other data supplied on paper by Sulzer.
Keep these instructions always available!

USER’S MANUAL
Page 3 of 4
2 Definitions
 The terms danger, warning, caution and note are used in these instructions to identify items where special
precautions are necessary.
DANGER
 There is a risk of death or serious injury if you do not follow the instructions.
WARNING
 There is a risk of personal injury if you do not follow the instructions.
CAUTION
 There is a risk of damage to the equipment if you do not follow the instructions.
NOTE
 Is used in the text to show information or requirements which are necessary to monitor.
2.1 Symbols
These symbols are used in the illustrations to identify important information.
Table 1, Symbols used in illustrations
Lubricate with grease or oil as specified in instructions

USER’S MANUAL
Page 4 of 4
Apply thread sealant or other liquid material specified in instructions
Tighten the tighteners to specified torque
Installation position of bearing cover in bearing unit filled with grease
Installation position of bearing cover in bearing unit filled with oil
3 Decommissioning
Sulzer equipment is designed so that its service would be as easy as possible by replacing worn or damaged
parts with new, original Sulzer spare parts. Parts can also be re-used after reconditioning them at Sulzer
Customer Support Service Centers. Sulzer Customer Support Service Centers must be used in the assessment of
re-use and reconditioning. If you need additional instructions or guidance, please contact our representative.
The materials used in Sulzer equipment are disclosed in the parts list supplied with the equipment.
At the end of the life cycle of equipment or its parts, the appropriate materials and parts must be recycled or
disposed of using methods which are acceptable in terms of environmental protection and which conform to local
legislation and regulations. If a product or its part contains environmentally harmful substances, they must be
removed and disposed of by following valid regulations.
Packaging materials must be recycled or disposed of using methods which are acceptable in terms of
environmental protection and which conform to local legislation and regulations.
Make sure that hazardous substances are disposed of safely and that the personnel use appropriate personal
protective equipment. Safety considerations must always meet the requirements of valid regulations.

Reception of supply
1 Supply inspection
2 Storage
N32488en
USER’S MANUAL
CPE, CPT, SNS Document no. N32488en
Document version: 3
Page 2 of 3
Subject: Reception of supply
1 Supply inspection
Do a careful check to be sure that the supply corresponds to your order. Refer to the packing list and Parts List of
the product. Inform the supplier immediately about all defects or damage noticed.
CAUTION
Do not remove the cover plates or plugs of the openings before the installation of pipes.
Unwanted particles on the inner surface of the product damage the pump when you start it.
Examine the crate and wrapping before you discard them. Parts and accessories can be wrapped separately or
fastened to the crate.
If you do not install the pump immediately, put it into the storage into conditions that prevent deterioration because of
damage and/or corrosion. The long-term storage requirements must always be specified in the purchase order.
2 Storage
2.1 Short time (less than 3 months)

When it is necessary to put a product into a storage for a short time before the installation, perform the following
procedure: Put the product into a dry storage where dirt or corrosion do not have an effect on it. Do not remove the
protection plates on the product openings.
Make sure the product bearings and drive unit parts have protection against unwanted materials. To prevent rusting
or seizing, perform the following procedure: Lubricate the product unit before you put it into a storage. Turn the
product shaft by hand at 2 weeks’ interval.
2.2 Long time
NOTE
Replace the grease/oil lubricants before you use the product.
If you put the product into a storage for more than 3 months, follow these procedures:
 put the product into a dry storage
 drain the product from any liquid in it
 turn the product shaft by hand at minimum intervals of 2 weeks to prevent the damage of the bearing unit
 with oil lubrication, the bearing unit is empty of oil. Fill the bearing unit with oil. Connect it to a mist lubrication
system or apply a rust preventive film to the inner parts of the bearing unit.
 apply rust preventives to the parts that have no protection, such as the shaft end, product flanges and
coupling unit. If necessary, apply volatile corrosion inhibitors to the shaft sealing.
 follow the storage instructions of accessories (e.g. electric motors) included in the supply

USER’S MANUAL
CPE, CPT, SNS Document no. N32488en
Document version: 3
Page 3 of 3
Subject: Reception of supply
 if the product unit is has plastic sheeting, the bottom must stay open to have sufficient airflow
CAUTION
Clean the rust preventives carefully before you use the product. Solvents that contain rust
preventives can cause irritation to the skin and/or respiratory system.
Avoid long-term skin contact with solvents, and do not breathe the solvent vapors.

Safety instructions
1 General
2 Safety of machinery
3 Necessary safety precautions
4 Ignition hazard assessment
5 Signs affixed to the equipment
6 Equipment used with food grade products
7 Operating conditions that have an effect on equipment safety
N32489en
USER’S MANUAL
Page 2 of 15
Subject: Safety instruction
1 General
This product has safe and reliable operation in the function for which it is specified. A product is a piece of
equipment that has pressurized parts and rotating parts which can be dangerous. Thus, fully follow all the safety
measures in the instructions. Personal injuries are possible if you do not follow the instructions.
The main heading Safety Instructions includes general health and safety instructions and also other safety
information related to this supply. Such information includes all important requirements of national legislation and
other safety information given by the plant operator.
The correct process and application data is important for the safe and reliable operation of the product. Special
environmental conditions at the installation point must always be examined between the end customer and Sulzer.
Such conditions are for example:
• Unusual temperature
• High humidity
• Atmospheres that cause corrosion
• Pressure changes in the process
• Flow below the minimum permitted, dry running
• Explosive and/or fire hazard areas
• Dust, sandstorms
• Earthquakes
Special safety measures are also necessary when the liquid that goes through the pump is for example:
• Flammable
• Corrosive, abrasive
• Poisonous
• Crystallizing
• Solids-containing
• Gas-containing
You must follow the safety and operation instructions. If these are not followed, a risk to the personnel and the
environment is possible, for example:
• Failure of important functions of the pump and/or plant
• Failure of specified procedures of maintenance and repair
• Risk of electrical, mechanical and chemical hazards to the personnel
• Environmental risk because dangerous material is released

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2 Safety of machinery
2.1 General
The delivery does not include the design of the operation environment of the machine, the power circuits, control
circuits and controls of machine operation. However, all health and safety requirements laid down in the European
Machinery Directive (2006/42/EC) on the safety of machinery and/or in national legislation in the country where the
machine is used as well as in directive 2014/34/EC for a device intended to be used in potentially explosive
atmospheres must always be taken into account in the operation of the process.
It is necessary that the Customer has taken into account the necessary requirements that are shown in this
instruction when designing, purchasing and starting up the process control systems, other controls and equipment
related to the machine. Some of these requirements are also applicable to the personnel that operate the machine.
As far as the above is applicable, the Customer must also follow the appropriate legislation on electrical safety (such
as the low-voltage directive) or electromagnetic compatibility of equipment (EMC directive). During the operation of
the machine you must also follow the appropriate occupational safety legislation of the country where the machine is
used.
2.2 Necessary health and safety requirements
2.2.1 General remarks
2.2.1.1 Definitions
When necessary, the potential dangerous areas related to the machine and its operating environment, persons
working in the dangerous areas and all operator groups of the machine must be specified together by the Customer
and the Manufacturer. This may be necessary for example because of operation training arranged for the operators
of the machine.
2.2.1.2 Principles of safety integration
To ensure safety integration, as a machine manufacturer we follow the Machinery Directive and/or the national
legislation of the country where the machine is used as far as the supply is concerned. The installation, operation
and safety instructions supplied with the machine must be followed in the reception of the machine, in installation
and in operation. Before actual start-up, make sure that the machine, its controls and other equipment related to the
safe operation of the machine comply with the requirements given in the Machinery Directive and/or in national
safety legislation.
2.2.1.3 Materials and products
The products related to the use of the machine (such as liquids transferred in the process) must not endanger the
exposed persons' safety or health. The process where the machine is used must be designed so that the use of
liquids causes no hazard.
2.2.1.4 Lighting
Maintenance areas necessary for the regular inspections of the machine must have appropriate lighting.
2.2.1.5 Design of machinery to facilitate its handling
The environment of the machine must enable the moving of the machine or its components safely. If necessary, the
upper part of the machine can be attached to standard lifting equipment. You must fully follow the moving and lifting
instructions supplied with the machine.
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2.2.2 Controls
2.2.2.1 Control and stopping devices
It must be possible to use the controls of the machine safely, and the controls must be designed in a manner that will
prevent a dangerous situation from occurring.
Follow the specified requirements related to controls, starting devices, stopping devices (including emergency stop
devices) and selection of control and operating modes for the machine and combinations of machinery. Refer to the
Machinery Directive and/or the national legislation of the country where the machine is used.
The controls of the machinery must be able to prevent fluctuations in energy supply or failures in the control circuit,
potentially causing dangerous situations. The interactive software used in the controls between the operator and the
machine must be easy to use.
2.2.3 Protection against mechanical hazards
2.2.3.1 Stability
The supply includes the applicable items to attach the machine to the foundations. You must follow fully the
installation instructions supplied with the machine. This is to make sure that the machinery is sufficiently stable.
2.2.3.2 Risk of damage during operation
The piping and hoses connected to the machine must be resistant to the internal and external forces. They must be
tightly attached and must withstand all loading and forces.
Follow fully the instructions that are applicable to the functioning of the machine, limits of operation, permitted flange
forces and supporting of piping. These instructions are supplied with the machine. During operation, there is always
a risk of damage to the piping connected to the machine (risk of high-pressure/hot/harmful liquid spray) if the
supplied instructions are not followed.
2.2.3.3 Risks because of falling or ejecting objects
Follow the necessary precautions to prevent objects from falling or ejecting (e.g. tools used during installation).
2.2.3.4 Risks because of sharp edges or angles
Because of the functioning and design of the machine, its parts have sharp edges and/or angles. During installation
and maintenance, follow the instructions supplied with the machine and use the applicable personal protective
equipment.
2.2.3.5 Risks related to changes in the rotational speed
The instructions supplied with the machine show the usual rotational speed of the machine and its maximum
rotational speed limits. Follow these instructions when you select the rotational speed of the pump.
2.2.3.6 Risks related to moving parts
The installed guards used to prevent risks related to moving parts in the machine must be fully in position when the
machine is in operation. If guards are not included in the supply, make sure before start-up that the rotating parts
have protection. Also refer to the applicable legislation.
If rotating parts of the machine do not move freely during operation, stop the machine immediately. Find out the
cause of the failure. Refer to the instructions supplied with the machine.

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2.2.4 Protection against other hazards

The electrical drives of the machine must have a design that prevents all electrical hazards. Follow the specified
rules and applicable legislation related to electrical equipment. The electrical equipment related to a machine that
complies with the Machinery Directive must follow the requirements shown in standard EN 60204-1:2006.
2.2.4.1 Static electricity
The build-up of potentially dangerous electrostatic charges in the machine and its auxiliary equipment must be
prevented or restricted.
2.2.4.2 Errors of fitting
Errors made when you install parts of the machine can be a source of risk. Because of this, follow fully the
instructions supplied with the machine during the installation and repairs of the machine.
Incorrect liquid and electrical connections can also be a source of risk. With liquid connections, follow the
instructions supplied with the machine. Incorrect electrical connections must not be possible or information on the
risk must be marked on cables and connectors.
2.2.4.3 Very high temperatures
If necessary, the machine must have warnings related to high surface temperatures. In these conditions, the risk of
injury caused by touching of the machinery parts must be decreased. Because of maintenance it is necessary to
heat some parts before installation. Be careful during installation, and use applicable personal protective equipment.
2.2.4.4 Fire and explosion
Correct and accurate information on the process and the functioning of the machine are necessary for the safe
operation of the machine. The special conditions at the point of operation must always be examined between the
Customer and Manufacturer when the machine is selected.
2.2.4.5 Noise and vibration
The instructions supplied with the machine give information on airborne noise and information on how to balance the
rotating parts of the machine. Follow the data given and do the necessary steps to prevent risks caused by noise or
vibration in the operating conditions.
2.2.4.6 Radiation
The instructions supplied with the machine give information on the potential radiation in the measuring equipment of
the machine. The operators of the machine must fully follow the safety instructions related to the operation of this
equipment.
2.2.4.7 Emissions
The instructions supplied with the machine give information on the control of leakages near the machine. If
necessary, perform the following measures to prevent dangerous emissions in the process:
• determine the amount of emissions and their potential effects (e.g. possibility of fire, applicable extinguishing
equipment)
• prevent the exposure of personnel to emissions
• keep the emissions under control and remove them in a controlled manner
• clean the area and machinery of emissions
• use applicable personal protective equipment and warnings

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2.2.4.8 Slipping, stumbling and falling
When you install, service or repair the machine, follow the safety instructions applicable at the point of operation and
the instructions supplied with the machine and be sufficiently careful to prevent slipping, stumbling or falling.
2.2.5 Maintenance
2.2.5.1 Machinery maintenance
Follow the maintenance and repair instructions supplied with the machine. The instructions tell you when it is
necessary to stop and potentially drain the machine before maintenance. Wear applicable personal protective
equipment that is necessary for the maintenance task:
• hearing protectors
• eye protectors
• breathing protectors
• safety gloves, safety footwear, protective clothing
When you service or repair the machine, follow the principles of ergonomics (do not use too much muscular power,
use lifting equipment, lifting positions, lighting of the area, cleanliness etc.)
2.2.5.2 Access to operating position and servicing points
Install the machine in a position that enables safe maintenance and repairs of the machine.
When you design the operating environment, make sure that there is sufficient maintenance space around the
machine.
2.2.5.3 Isolation from energy sources
The controls of the machine must include clearly identified devices that can be used to isolate the machine from all
energy sources. These devices must have locks if the re-connection of energy can be dangerous to persons. After
the energy supply is cut off, it must be possible to remove the energy stored in the process (e.g. release pressure)
without a health risk to persons.
2.2.5.4 Operator intervention
The controls of the machine must be designed so that the operator needs to intervene in the operation of the
machine as little as possible.
2.2.5.5 Cleaning of (internal) parts of machine
Refer to the instructions supplied with the machine and the safety instructions applicable at the point of operation to
do the potential cleaning of the machine safely.
2.2.6 Indications
2.2.6.1 Information and warning devices
Follow the specified requirements shown in the Machinery Directive and/or national legislation of the country where
the machine is used related to information and warning devices used in the machine.

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2.2.6.2 Warning of residual risks
Keep the safety warnings related to the machine clean in all conditions and replace the warnings if necessary. All
operators of the machine must know the residual risks related to electricity or the controls. Refer to specified
requirements shown in the Machinery Directive and/or national legislation of the country where the machine is used.
2.2.6.3 Markings and instructions
Follow the Machinery Directive and/or national legislation of the country where the machine is used in terms of the
markings and instructions for the machine. Make sure that the markings and instructions for other equipment related
to the safe operation of this machine comply with legislation.
Make sure that the point of operation has instructions for emergencies, such as:
• how to give alarm
• location of rescue and fire extinguishing equipment
• availability of first aid supplies and equipment
3 Necessary safety precautions
Before putting the equipment into operation or before servicing it, operators and maintenance personnel must know
all necessary safety precautions.
WARNING
Always stop the drive unit before you repair the pump.
***
Make sure that the drive unit cannot be started during repair.
WARNING
Use personal protective equipment when you you service the product.
WARNING
Tools used in an explosive air mixture must comply with the requirements of the relevant
standard. Refer to e.g EN 1127-1:2011 Annex A.
***
In a potentially explosive environment, the pump must be lifted and transferred so that no
sparking can occur.
WARNING
Remove any potentially dangerous materials from the pump before the maintenance procedures.

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WARNING
If it is possible that there is explosive gas or vapor inside the pump or piping, clean the piping and
pump with an efficient blower before you repair the pump.
***
If it is possible that there is explosive gas or vapor around the pump or in the servicing or repair
areas, ensure sufficient ventilation around the pump during the operation and servicing of the
pump.
WARNING
Do not expose the pump to heat when you disassemble the pump, because liquid trapped in the
pump can cause a risk of explosion.
WARNING
If there is a possibility of a dangerous return flow after the shutdown of the pump, install a
nonreturn device in the outlet piping.
WARNING
All safety devices (e.g. coupling guards) must be correctly installed before you start the pump.
Use guards with a non-sparking material for explosive areas.
WARNING
A leakage of a dangerous material can occur. Prepare the correct procedure
for a safe waste removal.
WARNING
The parts of the pump in contact with the liquid can be very hot. Do not touch them before
they are cool.
WARNING
The bearing housing of the pump is emptied of oil for supply. Fill it again before you start the
pump.
WARNING
Make sure the pump baseplate is correctly installed before you start the pump.
***
Make sure that the baseplate of the pump is properly grounded.

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WARNING
The access of harmful bearing currents into the pump bearings must be prevented in accordance
with the instructions of the motor and frequency converter manufacturers.
CAUTION
Use the product only for the purpose for it is supplied. Refer to the correct operation procedures
described in these instructions.
CAUTION
Make sure that the product always has a shaft sealing system compatible with the pumped liquid.
CAUTION
Before you start the pump, check the correct direction of rotation and free movement of the drive
unit (with the flexible element of the coupling removed).
CAUTION
Verify the correct alignment of the coupling before you start the pump.
CAUTION
Fill the pump sufficiently with the pumped liquid before you start it.
CAUTION
Do not operate the pump below the minimum recommended flow.
CAUTION
Make sure the suction valve is open during operation.

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4.1 General
1 Description of use
Group II, Equipment Protection Level Gb, Temperature class T1 – T4, Ex h IIC T1-T4 Gb: The machine is
a centrifugal pump designed for use in environments in which the release of flammable materials will cause
the atmosphere to become zone 1 (a place in which an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture with air
of flammable substances in the form of gas, vapor or mist is likely to occur in normal operation occasionally).
The pump is designed for pumping various liquids in the process industry.
Group II, Equipment Protection Level Gc, Temperature class T1 – T4, Ex h IIC T1-T4 Gc: The machine is
a centrifugal pump designed for use in environments in which the release of flammable materials will cause
the atmosphere to become zone 2 (a place in which an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture with air
of flammable substances in the form of gas, vapor or mist is not likely to occur in normal operation but, if it
does occur, will persist for a short period only). The pump is designed for pumping various liquids in the
process industry.
2 Construction
The pump is horizontally mounted and has a single-stage end-suction design. The pump shaft is mounted on
antifriction bearings so that the bearing at the impeller end carries radial loads, while the bearing at the
coupling end carries mainly axial loads. The pump is made of stainless steel. The pump easily passes the
required mechanical tests described in EN ISO 80079-36:2016. There are no light metal or plastic parts that
need consideration, or other relevant restrictions as described in EN ISO 80079-36:2016.
The pump’s design is such that it will not leak even in the event of a foreseeable malfunction. In normal
operation, the pumped liquid is inside the pump. The pump has either a single-acting or double-acting
mechanical seal, selected on the basis of the operating circumstances. The sliding faces of the mechanical
seal are lubricated either by the pumped liquid, by external sealing liquid or grease.
The pump mounting has been designed to withstand the expected loads and vibration caused by the pump.
The installation, operation and maintenance instructions include details of the support required by the pipes.
The design and manufacture of the pump have complied with the principle of non-electrical type of protection
constructional safety “c”, EN ISO 80079-37:2016.

The ignition hazard assessment according to standard EN ISO 80079-36:2016 indicates that, because of its
construction and on the basis of testing (temperature classification and shock resistance tests), no ignition
sources exist in normal operation, during expected malfunctions, installation, scheduled maintenance or
repairs.
The added document lists all potential ignition sources that can be detected on the basis of experience, the
assessments of such ignition sources and the methods to prevent the ignition sources from becoming
effective. This ignition hazard assessment document is placed in the manufacturer’s technical file.
WARNING
The pump must not be used without the written permission of Sulzer in any environment other
than that for which it has been sold, or within operating limits exceeding those indicated on
the pump plate.

USER’S MANUAL
CPE, CPT and SNS Document version: 5
Page 11 of 15
5 Signs affixed to the equipment
The warnings and information signs related to the necessary safety precautions are permanently attached on the
product. The necessary safety signs are given in the pump Parts List. Always follow the safety signs. Keep them
clean and make sure that you can read them in all operating conditions. Make sure that all persons that use the
pump know the symbols or items before you put the product into service.
Warning stickers (975)
Fig. 1 Rotating shaft, do not touch when in operation

Fig. 2 Coupling guard jacket to be adjusted during installation
Fig. 3 Hot surface, do not touch (to be fixed when the temperature of the pumped liquid is > 60ºC (140ºF).
Fig. 4 Spilling of corrosive and/or irritative substances.
5 mm
MAX
0.2 in
SS00050101 SS00050801
Fig. 1 Fig. 2
SS00050301 SS00050201
Fig. 3 Fig. 4

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Plates and stickers concerning alignment
Fig. 5 Direction arrow shows the correct direction of rotation.
Fig. 5
Fig. 6 Bearing unit must be filled with oil before you use the pump (976).
Fig. 6
Fig. 7 Maximum tolerances of coupling alignment (976).
Fig. 7

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Machine plates
Fig. 8 Sulzer nameplate (970).
Fig. 8
Fig. 9 The name plate (971) shows the identification information on the pump and its flow properties.
Marking: ① Pump type

② Serial No. = Job No.
③ Space for customer Pos. No.
④ Head (m) (ft)
⑤ Capacity flow (l/s) (USGPM)
⑥ Speed of rotation (rpm)
⑦ Year of manufacture
Fig. 9

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Fig. 10 ATEX nameplate (982), if the product is designed for use in potentially explosive environments.
Ex = Explosion protection marking

II = Equipment Group
2G / 3G = Equipment category
h = Non-eletrical equipment for explosive atmospheres
IIC = Explosion Group
T4 = Temperature class
Gb / Gc = Equipment protection level
Other stickers and plates
Fig. 11 For example item no. E11 Sealing liquid inlet (and other signs of connections found in the parts list
under heading "Connections")
6 Equipment used with food grade products
NOTE
Equipment used with food grade products has to be specifically ordered for such an application.
When a pump or an agitator, here named as equipment, is used to pump or agitate a liquid that has been classified
as a food grade product, the user must ensure that the equipment is properly cleaned before putting it into operation.
It is important to note that the equipment normally contains several cavities, all of which cannot be cleaned without
disassembling the equipment. The user should check equipment sectional drawings to find parts and areas to be
cleaned. Equipment IOM instruction contains information on disassembly and assembly work.
The equipment has been initially cleaned at the manufacturing factory according to Sulzer’s internal procedure. The
user shall ensure that this cleaning procedure, as well as any cleaning procedure followed later at the site, is suitable
for the application and follows relevant regulations.
7 Operating conditions that have an effect on equipment safety
The operation conditions shown in table 2 always have a direct effect on product safety. Therefore, try to avoid the
following problems related to the servicing or operating conditions of the product.

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Table 2, Typical non-permissible operating conditions

Cause: Consequence:
Discharge valve not opened. Pressure increases
Incorrect estimate of inlet pressure or piping system resistance when the pump
was selected.
The pump is operated at too high a rotational speed.
Discharge valve not opened. High temperatures (Wet end)
Discharge valve not sufficiently opened.
Incorrect estimate of properties of the pumped liquid when the pump was
selected.
Failure of sealing water service High temperatures (Sealing unit)
- Sealing water pump not started
- Sealing water valve not opened
- Sealing water equipment incorrectly adjusted
- Quality of the sealing water does not correspond to the requirements.
Incorrect estimate of inlet pressure when the pump was selected.
Pump is not correctly filled with the pumped liquid.
- Suction valve not opened
- Suction tank not properly filled
- Suction piping resistance or air tightness incorrectly examined
Pump lubrication is done in an unsatisfactory manner. High temperatures (Bearing unit)
- Oil/grease not filled
- Incorrect oil/grease quality
- Not sufficient relubrication
Pump is cleaned incorrectly (sprayed water enters the bearing unit).
Incorrect estimate of the properties of the pumped liquid when the pump was
initially selected.

Lifting and transfers
1 Safety precautions
2 Lifting and moving of the pump parts and assemblies
N32490en
USER’S MANUAL
Subject: Lifting and transfers Page 2 of 4
1 Safety precautions
You can find the total gross and net weights of the supply in the packing list attached to the product or packing.
WARNING
Follow fully the lifting and transfer instructions to prevent crates or individual assemblies from
falling.
Make especially sure that these items are stable:

 Pump
 Pump and baseplate with or without motor
 Spare parts
Always ascertain the center of gravity of these items before you lift or transfer the pump.
Use personal protective equipment such as helmet, safety shoes and gloves.
If the proper lifting equipment is not available, transfer heavy assemblies with for example skids on the ground level.
Lifting accessories must have the identification of the manufacturer, material and the maximum working load.
Lifting ropes used directly for lifting or holding the pump or pump unit must not include splicing other than at their
ends. Textile ropes and slings must not include knots, connections or splicing other than at the ends of the sling.
This is not applicable to an endless sling.
Make sure that the lifting accessories can always sufficiently suspend the lifted assembly.
There must be a sufficient quantity of lifting ropes. Adjust them correctly to prevent damage to the product when you
lift it. A lifting chain must not touch the product during lifting (if it does, the painted and machined surfaces can be
damaged).
WARNING
Make sure that accepted and undamaged ropes and lifting accessories are available. The lifting
capacity of the lifting accessories and ropes must correspond to the weight of the items you are
lifting.
WARNING
In a potentially explosive environment, the pump must be lifted and transferred so that no
sparking can occur.

USER’S MANUAL
2 Lifting and transfer of the pump parts and assemblies
The figures below are for example only, and the actual product and lifting equipment can be different from those
shown.
Do not drag the crates or individual assemblies on the floor during movement. Refer to Figures 1 – 3 for examples of
correct lifting procedures.
Fig. 1 Refer to Figure 1 when you lift the transportation crate. The permitted lifting points are marked
on the crate.
Figure 1
Fig. 2 Lift the pump-motor-baseplate assembly from appropriate connection points in the baseplate.

USER’S MANUAL
Figure 2
Fig. 3 Lift the pump from the lifting lugs attached to the discharge flange.
Figure 3
2.1 Motor, gear and other accessories

When you lift the motor, gear and other accessories, follow the instructions given by their manufacturer.
If the assembly includes accessories such as a noise cover, you may have to remove the cover before you lift the
assembly. If not, you can cause damage to the cover.

Product description
Applies to pump type: SNS
1 Type designation
2 Intended use
3 Operating limits of pump
4 Permitted flange forces
5 Fastener information
6 Head and flow requirements
7 Sound level charts
8 Balancing
N32491en 3 2016-06-01 Product version 1, 2.25 G07

USER’S MANUAL Document No. N32491en
Type SNS Document version: 4
Subject: Product description Page 2 of 11
1 Type designation
The Sulzer pump type SNS is a horizontal single-stage end-suction pump. The SNS design is based on ISO
5199:2002 – Technical specifications for centrifugal pumps, Class II.
1.1 Applicable standards

Table 1, Applicable standards
Standard Description
Directive 2006/42/EC Machinery directive
Legislation Directive 93/68/EEC CE marking

Equipment and protective systems intended for use in
Directive 2014/34/EU
potentially explosive atmospheres (ATEX)
EN 809:2009 + Pumps and pump units for liquids
A1:2009/AC:2010 - Common safety requirements
Safety of machinery
EN ISO 12100:2010
- General design principles, risk assessment and risk reduction
EN 12162:2001 Hydrostatic testing
Product safety EN ISO 20361:2009 Noise level measurement

Non-electrical equipment for explosive atmospheres.
Basic method and requirements
EN ISO 80079-36:2016
- Equipment Protection Levels II Gb and II Gc
- Temperature classes T1-T4
Non-electrical equipment for explosive atmospheres.
EN ISO 80079-37:2016 Non-electrical type of protection constructional safety ”c”, control
of ignition sources ”b”, liquid immersion ”k”.
Quality system EN ISO 9001 Quality management systems. Requirements
Environmental management system

EN ISO 14001
- Requirements with guidance for use
Environmental system
ISO 45001 Occupational health and safety
Technical specification for centrifugal pumps

Design EN ISO 5199:2002
- Class II
Rotodynamic pumps - Hydraulic performance acceptance tests
EN ISO 9906:2012
- Grades 1B, 1E, 2B and 3B
Testing
Metallic products - Types of inspection documents
EN 10204:2004
- Inspection document type 2.1
Metallic flange - Part 1: Steel flanges
EN 1092-1:2018
- PN10, PN16
Pipe flanges and flange fittings
Flange and drilling ASME B16.5: 2017 NPS ½ Through NPS 24
- Class 150
JIS B 2220:2012 -10K, 16K
ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND

1.2 Type specification
S N S 1 -25
Nominal diameter of discharge (mm) = 25-125 mm

Size of bearing unit
Pump type
1.3 Type properties
1.3.1 Performance values (product series)

Table 2, Performance values
ISO
Capacity 1000 m³/h
Head 160 m
Temperature of pumped liquid max. 120ºC
Pressure 1.0 / 1.6 MPa
Frequencies 50 / 60 Hz
The product series has nominal diameter sizes of pump discharge of 25-125 mm.
WARNING
If the pump is used in an explosive atmosphere, the pumped liquid must be highly conductive
(>1000 pS/m).
Construction
Impeller
The impeller type is semi-open. The impeller has curved balancing holes that balance axial thrust and secure sealing
chamber flushing in all operating conditions.
Impellers are installed with polygon mounting onto the shaft and secured with a Nord-lock washer and locking screw.
Bearing unit
The SNS pump has two angular contact ball bearings with an intermediate sleeve that transmits the radial and axial
forces.
Shaft seal

The shaft seal is a mechanical seal. The shaft seal is selected to suit the application, on the basis of the properties
of the pumped liquid.
Baseplate
The baseplate is made of steel, and it must be grouted in concrete at the installation site. The baseplate can be
installed to the foundation with for example welded or grouted foundation screws.
2 Intended use
2.1 General
WARNING
Use the pump and its accessories only for the purpose for which it is supplied.
The intended use is given in the order specification and in these instructions that also describe the primary
parameters of the pump and mechanical durability. If the intended use becomes different, you must make sure that
the pump can be used in the new application and, if necessary, get the approval of the manufacturer for the change.
Table 3, Intended process application
Application data Source documentation

Pumped liquid and its properties
Product specification sheet (Section Process data)
(chemicals, solids, consistency, temperature etc.)
Main pumping parameters Product specification sheet (Section Process data) and in the
(capacity, head, power, speed of rotation etc.) product's nameplate
Other relevant process data Product specification sheet (Section Process data)
Table 4, Delivery content and design
Delivery and design data Source documentation
Delivery scopes (pump, coupling etc.) Product specification sheet
Product size Product specification sheet and in the product's nameplate

Other design alternatives (impeller, used materials, lubrication,
Product specification sheet
flange drilling, shaft seal type etc.)
Dimensions (pump, accessories, flanges etc.) Dimensional drawings
Weights and mass moment of inertia (bare pump, pump +
Dimensional drawings
baseplate etc.)
Locations shown in the parts list and in the sectional drawings
and dimensional drawings. Moreover, connections having
Connections (lubrication, shaft sealing, draining etc.)
importance in view of safety have been marked on the
product.
Item details (maximum impeller diameter, bearing types,
Parts list (heading "Parts")
fastener sizes etc.)

3 Operating limits of pump
CAUTION
When operating the pump, follow the limit values specified in this section.
For mechanical seals, the type-specific pressure and temperature limits can be found in the operating instructions of
the seal, included in this delivery. Refer to document 2.25 G111, N32496 Mechanical Seal Installation, operation and
maintenance instructions.
3.1 Pressure and temperature limits
CAUTION
The maximum permitted temperature of the pumped liquid is 120°C.
3.1.1 Maximum permitted operating pressure

The maximum permitted operating pressure is given in the Pump specification supplied with the pump.
3.1.2 Pressure test of pump parts

Refer to standard EN 12162:2001 when you do hydrostatic tests.
The test pressure is 1.5 times the maximum permitted pressure. The hydrostatic tests are satisfactory when the test
pressure is kept for a minimum of 10 minutes without leakages.
Table 5, Maximum permitted test pressure and operating pressure
Parts to be tested Max. operating

Material Test pressure,
pressure, bar
Part no. Description bar
102.101 Volute case 316 SS (ASTM A743 CF-8M) 15 10
Duplex steel (ASTM A890 3A) 24 16
230.101 Case cover 316 SS (ASTM A743 CF-8M) 15 10

Duplex steel (ASTM A890 3A) 24 16
If the surface temperature of the bearing housing is higher than 185 °F (85 °C) (the permissible maximum is 230 °F
(110 °C)), the fully synthetic oil Mobil SHC 626 or equivalent must be used. In these cases, the oil change interval is
three (3) months.

3.2 Power and speed limits

Table 6, Power limits of impeller
Bearing unit size / Impeller material 1 2 3 4
Duplex steel (ASTM A890 3A) kW / 100 rpm 2.7 6.5 10.3 15.3
316 SS (ASTM A743 CF-8M) kW / 100 rpm 1.8 4.3 6.8 10.0
3.3 Speed of rotation limits

The minimum speed of rotation specified for the SNS pump is 500 rpm.
Table 7, Maximum permitted continuous speed of rotation

25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125
SNS1- 4000 4000 4000 4000 3600 3600 3600 3600
SNS2- 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 3600 3600 3600
SNS3- 3600 3600 3600 3600 3600 3600 3600 3600
SNS4- 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000
4 Permitted flange forces
Forces and moments that have an effect on the pump flanges because of pipe loads can cause:
• misalignment of the pump and drive shafts
• deformation and overstressing of the pump case
• overstressing of the fixing bolts between the pump and baseplate.
These instructions describe an easy procedure to examine whether the loads transmitted to a pump by its piping
stay within the permitted limits. Compare the loads (forces and moments) calculated by the piping designer to the
maximum permitted values of the flanges on the basis of their dimensions and installation conditions.
The basic values given in Table 6 are applicable to each of the pump flanges. Refer to standard EN ISO 5199:2002,
family no. 5B. Each flange must be evaluated individually. There are separate tables for values for vertical and
horizontal flanges.
CAUTION
The basic values mentioned in Table 8 must be multiplied by 0.5 in the case of stainless steel.
The values mentioned in the table apply to pumps equipped with a grouted baseplate. A
baseplate installed with machine feet should be multiplied by 0.25.

Table 8, External forces and moments applied to the flanges

Top branch z-axis
Diameter DN Force (N) Moment (Nm)
Fy Fz Fx ΣF* My Mz Mx ΣM *
25 700 850 750 1300 600 700 900 1300
32 850 1050 900 1650 750 850 1100 1600
40 1000 1250 1100 1950 900 1050 1300 1900
50 1350 1650 1500 2600 1000 1150 1400 2050
65 1700 2100 1850 3300 1100 1200 1500 2200
80 2050 2500 2250 3950 1150 1300 1600 2350
100 2700 3350 3000 5250 1250 1450 1750 2600
125 3200 3950 3550 6200 1500 1900 2100 3050
End branch x-axis

Diameter DN Force (N) Moment (Nm)
Fy Fz Fx ΣF* My Mz Mx ΣM *
25 750 700 850 1300 600 700 900 1300
32 900 850 1050 1650 750 850 1100 1600
40 1100 1000 1250 1950 900 1050 1300 1900
50 1500 1350 1650 2600 1000 1150 1400 2050
65 1850 1700 2100 3300 1100 1200 1500 2200
80 2250 2050 2500 3950 1150 1300 1600 2350
100 3000 2700 3350 5250 1250 1450 1750 2600
125 3550 3200 3950 6200 1500 1900 2100 3050
150 4500 4050 5000 7850 1750 2050 2500 3650
200 6000 5400 6700 10450 2300 2650 3250 4800
250 7450 6750 8350 13050 3150 3650 4450 6550
* ΣF and ΣM are the vector sums of the forces and moments.
2
1) ƩF=
2
2) ƩM=
If some of the loads remain below the maximum permitted value, one of these loads can be more than the usual
limit, if the following conditions are fulfilled:
• a component of a force or of a moment must be limited to 1.4 times the maximum allowed value;
• the actual forces and moments that apply to each flange are calculated by the formula:
2 2
 ∑ F actual   ∑ M actual 
  +  ≤2
∑F  ∑M 
 max .allow .   max .allow . 

Figure 1
With the maximum permitted forces and moments, the lateral displacement of the shaft end in relation to the fixed
point in space must not be more than the values in Table 9.
Table 9, Lateral displacement

Shaft end diameter (mm) Displacement (mm) *
< 30 0.15
31 to 40 0.20
> 40 0.25
* The displacement values given are for reference in checking the stiffness of the pump and its supports and are not the same
as the alignment requirements.

5 Fastener information
Table 10 shows the ratings and maximum values of tightening moments for fasteners referred to in these
instructions. Before you tighten the screws, lubricate the screws with molybdenum sulphide or corresponding agent
that prevents seizure. These shown values are only applicable to fasteners where the moment values are not
separately given.
Table 10, Fastener information
Screw size Moment Nm

Rating Max. value
M5 3.5 4
M6 6 7
M8 14 18
M10 30 35
M12 50 60
M16 130 160
M20 250 300
M24 420 520
M30 800 1000
6 Head and flow requirements
CAUTION
Do not operate the pump below the minimum recommended flow or with the discharge valve
closed. Cavitation, recirculation or increased temperature can cause a quick pump failure.
The pump always has the pumping values (head, flow) shown on the nameplate of the pump (971.101). The head
and flow values with the specified impeller diameter and speed of rotation are given in the characteristic curve of the
pump. The operation point on the curve can be changed by adjusting the pumping system resistance e.g. by
throttling the flow with the valve in the discharge pipe. If the impeller diameter or the rotational speed of the pump is
changed, the operation point moves to a different point on the head-flow curve.
CAUTION
Too low an NPSH-available value can cause damage to the pump.
If you use the pump at operation points other than the initial operation point, always pay attention to these issues:
• When the pump was selected for the initial operation point, all factors that have an effect on the mechanical
durability (e.g pressure and temperature limits) and design of the pump (pump and impeller type, shaft
sealing, lubrication etc.) were carefully considered. Examine all these factors also at the new operation point.

• You can use the pump with the discharge valve closed only if the bypass piping is installed (minimum flow
rate must be achieved). It is not recommended to operate the pump continuously at the minimum flow rate.
• Examine the suction properties of the system (NPSH available) and the power of the drive motor at a new
operation point.
• The efficiency of a pump is an important consideration when you make an estimate of the lifetime costs of
the pump. Thus you must examine its effect on power consumption.
• The characteristic curve of the pump is always specified by tests with clean water. Other types of pumped
liquid can change the head, flow or power values very much. These factors were considered carefully when
the pump was initially selected and you must consider them also at the new operation point.
7 Sound level charts
The noise levels follow the requirements of Machine Directive 2006/42/EC. The noise levels are shown as two-digit
values for noise emission. Refer to standard EN ISO 4871:1996.
The given values are defined in accordance with standard EN ISO 20361:2009 for the pump alone. The place of
operation of the pump corresponds to a box-like space as specified under section 6.2 of the above-mentioned
standard. The sound power levels have been defined in accordance with standard EN ISO 9614-2:1996 on the basis
of sound volume measurements at the best efficiency point of each stated speed of rotation with the maximum
impeller diameter of the pump.
It is not possible to measure all different pump applications. Therefore, some values have been determined by
calculations based on measurements performed with corresponding pumps.
Table 11, Sound pressure level dB(A), at a distance of 1 m from the surface of the device
dB(A)
Motor
(kW) 2-pole 4-pole 6-pole
0.25 56 41 -
0.37 56 45 -
0.55 57 42 40
0.75 56 42 43
1.1 59 50 43
1.5 58 50 47
2.2 60 52 52
3 59 52 63
4 63 54 63
5.5 63 57 63
7.5 60 58 66
11 60 60 66
15 60 60 66
18.5 60 63 66
22 66 63 66
30 71 65 59
37 71 66 60
45 71 66 58
55 71 67 58
75 73 70 61
dB(A)
Motor
(kW) 2-pole 4-pole 6-pole
90 73 70 61
110 76 70 61
132 76 70 61
160 76 70 65
200 76 70 -
250 82 73 -
315 82 73 -
355 77 75 -
400 - 75 -
8 Balancing
SNS impellers are usually balanced individually. Refer to ISO 21940-11 G 6.3. Vibration is not more than the
vibration severity limits given in Table 12 when measured at the test center of the manufacturer. These values are
measured radially at the bearing housing at a rated speed and flow which do not cause cavitation.
Table 12, Maximum residual values of vibration velocity
Shaft centerline height H1

Pump installation method
≤ 225 mm > 225 mm
Pump on a grouted baseplate 3 mm/s 4.5 mm/s
Pump on a baseplate without grouting 4.5 mm/s 7.1 mm/s

Installation at the site
1 Safety procedures before installation
2 Installation of grouted baseplate of pump
3 Installation of pump onto baseplate
4 Installation of motor onto baseplate
N32492en
USER’S MANUAL
Page 2 of 10
Subject: Installation at the site
1 Safety procedures before installation
All parts for the installation must be fully clean before the installation. Make sure that there are no signs of antirust
agents in the pump flanges, shaft assembly and drive parts. Be careful with the parts when you install them.
WARNING
A careful plan makes the installation easier.
Make sure that the operation conditions are safe and that there is good access to the equipment.
Use personal protective equipment such as helmet, safety shoes and gloves.
Applicable lifting equipment must be available for installation and repair work.
WARNING
There must be sufficient space around the pump for the installation and maintenance
procedures.
2 Installation of grouted baseplate of pump
The installation site of the pump must be sufficiently strong to withstand the potential forces caused by the piping.
If you are not sure that the installation area is suitable for installation, make a strong concrete support stand or
equivalent. Also check regularly the bottom beams in the foundation or holes for the different types of foundation
screws.
It is recommended that you follow the instructions below when you grout the baseplate of the pump. Attach the
baseplate of the pump to the foundation. The dimensions of the screws are shown in the dimensional drawing of the
pump.
The installation of the grouted pump baseplate has 5 primary steps:
I. lifting the pump-motor-baseplate assembly into place (chapter 2.1)

II. aligning the pump-motor-baseplate assembly (chapter 2.2)
III. pipe work (chapter 2.3)
IV. grouting (chapter 2.4)
V. alignment of coupling (chapter 2.5)
COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND OY

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION
USER’S MANUAL
Page 3 of 10
2.1 Lifting of pump-motor-baseplate assembly

1 Make sure that the foundation is clean and dry.
2 Lift the pre-assembled assembly consisting of the pump and baseplate and potentially of the motor, and
clean its bottom and other surfaces that come into contact with concrete. Remove rust, oil, paint or other
external materials.
3 Lower the assembly on the nuts of the foundation screws.
Figure 1
2.2 Alignment of pump-motor-baseplate assembly

Use the foundation screw nuts under the baseplate for the alignment of the pump-motor-baseplate assembly.
1 Adjust the height of the assembly with the nuts of the foundation screws. Adjust the straightness of the
baseplate in the longitudinal and lateral direction until you get a sufficient angular precision of 0.2 mm/m
measured from the top of the baseplate.
2 Tighten the nuts of the foundation screws according to Appendix A.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 4 of 10
Figure 2
2.3 Pipe work
WARNING
Do not remove the suction and discharge nozzle covers of the pump before the pipe work is
completed. Unwanted material can cause a blockage to the small clearances of the suction and
discharge nozzles.
WARNING
If there is a possibility of a dangerous flow back to the pump after the shutdown of the pump, a
nonreturn device must be installed in the outlet pipe.
CAUTION
Do the pressure test for the piping. Refer to the related standards.
2.3.1 Supporting
Install the pipes and supports so that the requirements for forces stated under section Permitted flange forces in
instruction “Product description” are fulfilled under all operating conditions. When you select the locations of the
supports, make sure that thermal expansion is considered.
CAUTION
Do not use the pump as a support for the piping system.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 5 of 10
Attach the pipe flanges accurately to the pump flanges. Do not use force to get the flanges into positions that are not
correctly aligned. See Figure 3.
Figure 3
2.3.2 Suction pipe
2.3.2.1 Suction pit above the pump
Always make the suction pipe short to get the minimum pipe friction losses. Prevent the formation of points where
gas pockets or turbulence are possible.
Examine the tightness of the suction pipe with a pressure test. The suction pipe must go down gradually towards the
pump. Do not use horizontal suction pipes if possible.
2.3.2.2 Suction pit below pump
If the liquid level is below the pump, the suction pipe must rise gradually towards the pump. A sufficient length of the
pipe end must be below the liquid level to prevent air from entering the pump.
2.3.2.3 Extension piece
If the suction pipe of the pump is horizontal, the pipe cones must be eccentric and in such a position that the top
level is horizontal. If extension pieces are used, they must be formed so that gases cannot gather in them. If the
suction pipe of the pump is vertical, the pipe cones must be concentric (symmetrical).
2.3.3 Discharge pipe

If a dangerous back flow is possible after the pump has stopped, a back-pressure valve must be installed in the
discharge pipe so that the back flow cannot rotate the pump counter-clockwise. An uncontrolled back flow can cause
a dangerous situation for example for the maintenance staff, and it can also break the rotating parts of the pump.
The shut-off valve must be installed after the potential back-pressure valve.
2.3.4 Minimum flow of pump

If the pump operates near or below its minimum flow, install a bypass pipe to prevent the temperature and vibration
from increasing too much. Contact Sulzer for more instructions.
When an operating point is located within the area marked with the dashed lines, from 5% to 30% of the best
efficiency point flow rate, the pump must be equipped with an appropriate flow straightener. Please note that neither
NPSH required nor efficiency can be guaranteed within this range.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 6 of 10
2.3.5 Flushing of shaft seal of pump

For the correct functioning of a mechanical seal, see the component instruction for the mechanical seal.
WARNING
When external sealing liquid (sealing liquid equipment) is used for the lubrication of the shaft seal
of the pump in an explosive atmosphere, there must be a flow control device and an alarm device
in the sealing liquid line to indicate too small a flow. The pump must be stopped, if the sealing
liquid flow is less than 75% of the set value.
2.4 Grouting
1 Assemble a concreting frame around the baseplate. The frame must be resistant to the forces caused by the
concrete or epoxy mortar and be waterproof at the seam of the foundation and the frame.
2 Put concrete or epoxy mortar into the frame and into the inlets in the baseplate. Make sure that the full frame
is filled with concrete or epoxy mortar. The material has to withstand vibration. The recommended minimum
concrete strength is 28 MPa (4060 psi) (strength class C28).
3 After the material has become fully hard, remove the frame.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 7 of 10
Figure 4
2.5 Installation and alignment of coupling
WARNING
Before you start to install or align the coupling, make sure that it is not possible
to start the drive motor.
CAUTION
Very accurate alignment is necessary for a flexible coupling. Unsatisfactory alignment can
prevent the servicing of the coupling and cause damage to the bearings of the pump and motor.
Align the coupling as follows:

1 The maximum tolerances for angular and parallel alignments are given in Figure 5.
2 Move the motor vertically by putting shims under the feet of the motor.
3 Adjust the motor horizontally, e.g. with the help of adjustment screws in the baseplate. There is a minimum
vertical adjustment margin of 3 mm and a horizontal adjustment margin of 3 mm.
4 Finally, tighten the mounting screws of the motor to the correct tightening torque.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 8 of 10
Figure 5
3 Installation of pump onto baseplate
WARNING
During installation, BE CAREFUL so that your hands, fingers etc. are not crushed by heavy parts.
1 If the pump-side coupling hub has not been installed at the pump factory, it is recommended to install it
before installing the pump on the baseplate. Refer to the instructions of the coupling manufacturer.
2 Lift the pump onto the baseplate and fasten the pump to the baseplate with the screws. If the pump has
already been installed on the baseplate, loosen the screws tightened during original installation and re-
tighten them to the values given in Appendix A.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 9 of 10
4 Installation of motor onto baseplate
NOTE
This information is valid only for SNS.
If the motor or the motor-side coupling hub is not installed by the pump manufacturer, do the installation as follows:
The exact distance between the shaft ends L, Figure 6, varies depending on the pump size. The motor-side coupling
half needs to be adjusted to meet the length requirements of the coupling spacer. The final shaft end installation
values are given in Table 1.
Table 1, Exact shaft end dimensions for SNS pump (L, mm)
Bearing unit size
Pressure flange 1 2 3 4
25 107.50 146.50 144.00 179.80
32 104.00 145.50 143.00 179.30
40 103.00 142.50 140.00 190.30
50 101.00 140.0 143.00 185.30
65 98.00 144.50 140.00 182.30
80 106.50 140.00 151.00 179.30
100 100.00 147.00 144.50 185.30
125 100.00 140.00 140.00 179.80
Figure 6
1 Refer to the instructions of the coupling manufacturer.
2 Lift the motor onto the baseplate and install the mounting screws with their washers without tightening them.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 10 of 10
CAUTION
Make sure that coupling is installed according to instructions. Wrong installation may damage the
product.
3 Align the coupling. Refer to chapter 2.5 Installation and alignment of coupling.
WARNING
Refer to the installation and operating instruction of the motor manufacturer when you do the
electrical connection.

Operation
1 Safety procedures before start-up
2 Starting the pump
3 Stopping the pump
4 Measures after the first operation
5 Troubleshooting, operation
N32493en
USER’S MANUAL
Page 2 of 9
Subject: Operation
1 Safety procedures before start-up
Before you start the pump for the first time and always after maintenance, follow these precautions to prevent
accidents and to operate the pump without failures.
1.1 Leakage test
WARNING
Make sure that you cannot start the motor accidentally during the procedures that follow.
The pump parts and the piping must pass a leakage test before the start-up.
Leakage, especially in the suction piping, can decrease the performance of the pump and will prevent the filling of
the pump before the start-up.
NOTE
The regulations for pressure vessels are not applied to the pressure parts of the pump.
1.2 Direction of rotation

 Before commissioning, always examine the motor for correct direction of rotation.
 It is necessary to remove the coupling spacer before you examine the rotation direction of the motor.
The direction of rotation must be according to the arrow sign on the bearing housing.
Figure 1

USER’S MANUAL
Page 3 of 9
Subject: Operation
1.3 Free rotation

Examine that the pump can rotate freely. Rotate the coupling hub on the pump side with the coupling halves
disconnected from each other.
1.4 Coupling alignment

Examine that the coupling is correctly aligned. Refer to instruction “Installation at the site / Installation and alignment
of coupling”.
WARNING
Before you start the pump, make sure that all safety devices
(e.g coupling guards) are correctly installed.
1.5 Lubrication
Pump bearings:
Examine the oil or grease used for the lubrication of the pump bearings before start-up.
Condensation or entrance of dirt and water can occur if you put the pump unit into storage for a long period of time
before installation and start-up.
Motor bearings:
Examine the oil or grease used for the lubrication of the motor bearings before start-up.
Refer to the lubrication instruction in the installation and operating instruction of the motor manufacturer.
1.6 Shaft sealing

Open all valves for sealing water, and adjust correct pressure and flow.
1.7 Minimum flow of the pump
CAUTION
Do not operate the pump below the minimum recommended flow or with the discharge valve
closed. Cavitation, recirculation or increased temperature can quickly cause pump failure.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 4 of 9
Subject: Operation
2 Starting the pump
WARNING
Use the pump only for the purpose for which it is supplied and in accordance with these
instructions.
2.1 Preparations for start-up
WARNING
Before you start the pump, make sure that the pump is sufficiently
filled with the pumped liquid.
1 Fill the pump with liquid so that the suction pipe and the pump cases are filled with liquid.
2 Open the shut-off valve (if installed) so much that the flow in the pipeline corresponds to the minimum flow of
the pump, and lock the valve open. If the pump does not have a device that ensures minimum flow, make
sure that at least the minimum required flow always flows through the pump.
3 Make sure that the coupling guard is in position.
4 Examine that the suction valve is fully open and that the discharge valve is closed.
2.2 Starting and monitoring during initial operation
WARNING
Do not stay near the discharge flange of the pump during the starting and operation of the pump.
If piping leaks occur, there is a risk of personal injury.
CAUTION
Monitor immediately after start-up the instrumentation that shows the discharge pressure. If the
correct pressure is not quickly reached, stop the motor and check the causes for the low
pressure.
CAUTION
If it is necessary to adjust the amount of the liquid pumped, adjust the discharge valve. Do not
use the suction valve for flow adjustment.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 5 of 9
Subject: Operation
1 Start the motor. Open the discharge valve until you get the correct flow rate. Starting to the proper operating
speed (or at least to the allowable minimum speed of rotation) must be done as quickly as possible (3-5
seconds). Do not operate the pump below the minimum speed of rotation (excluding starting and stopping).
Refer to instruction “Product description”.
2 Monitor the discharge side pressure. If you do not get the correct pressure quickly, stop the motor and find
the cause for the too low pressure. See Section “Troubleshooting, operation for possible causes”.
3 Make sure that there are no leaks from the flange connections or from the shaft seal of the pump.
4 Monitor regularly that the pump operates as planned. Monitor the process values of the pump and measure
the vibration values of the pump and motor.
CAUTION
If it is necessary to adjust the quantity of the liquid pumped, adjust the discharge valve. Do not
use the suction valve for flow adjustment.
CAUTION
Do not operate the pump at a too high output.
Observe immediately after start-up the instrumentation showing the discharge pressure. If the
correct pressure is not quickly reached, stop the motor and check the causes for the low
pressure.
If it is necessary to adjust the amount of the pumped liquid, do it by adjusting the discharge valve.
Never use the suction valve for flow adjustment.
3 Stopping the pump
1 Close the discharge valve to prevent the liquid from flowing back.
2 Stop the pump motor when the discharge valve is closed.
3 Close the suction valve if the pumped liquid flows out of the pipeline.
4 Remove pressure from the pump.
5 Close all sealing, cooling and flushing liquid equipment.
6 If the pumped liquid can freeze, drain the pump and the pipe for the standstill period.
Turn the shaft of the pump 2-3 times around in the direction of rotation at regular intervals during longer standstills.
Refer to section 3 Stopping the pump and also to instruction “Reception of supply / Storage”.
4 Measures after the first operation
During operation, monitor the pump discharge side pressure, unusual sounds and vibrations.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 6 of 9
Subject: Operation
4.1 Control during standstills

When the pump and motor are in the normal operating temperature, measure the alignment of the coupling. Refer to
the instruction “Installation at the site / Installation and alignment of coupling”.
NOTE
The correct final alignment is necessary for a correct operation of the pump unit.
Monitor the surroundings of the pump for possible liquid leaks. If there are leaks, find their cause.
5 Troubleshooting, operation
During the long-term operation of a pump unit, problems are many times caused by random failures, process
changes or corrosion and wear.
Problems occur usually because of unsatisfactory maintenance or because the limits for the intended use of the
pump are not followed.
The problem tracing analysis includes the usual malfunctions and their probable causes. If the pump does not
operate correctly, it is important to find the correct causes. Then the repairs and necessary changes can be done
immediately. See Tables 1-7.
Table 1, Symptom – The pump is not delivering liquid

Probable cause: What to do:
Change the direction of rotation. See the arrow sign on the
Incorrect direction of rotation
bearing unit
Pump not adequately primed or a vapor lock in the suction
Prime the pump and suction piping again
pipe
Difference between inlet pressure and vapor pressure too
Examine the suction piping configuration
small
Air leakage in suction opening, suction piping or shaft seal Examine the suction piping. Adjust the shaft seal
Suction piping, suction valve or impeller clogged Examine the suction piping and the pump for blockages
Rotational speed too low Examine the speed requirements/limits
Flow resistance of the piping higher than the head given by
Examine flow resistances and decrease losses
the pump
Unusual air/gas concentration in the pumped liquid Contact Sulzer representative for more instructions
Suction tank level low Examine the necessary inlet/suction head
Table 2, Symptom – Insufficient head

Unusual air/gas concentration in the pumped liquid Contact Sulzer representative for further instructions
Unusual viscosity of the pumped liquid Contact Sulzer representative for further instructions
Suction piping, suction valve or impeller clogged Examine the suction piping and the pump for a blockage
Rotational speed too low Examine the speed requirements/limits

USER’S MANUAL
Page 7 of 9
Subject: Operation

Incorrect direction of rotation
bearing unit
Examine resistances and reduce losses
the pump
Pressure parts of the pump worn/damaged/clogged Examine the pump and replace defective parts, if necessary
Suction tank level low Examine the necessary inlet/suction head
Table 3, Symptom – Insufficient (or irregular) flow

Vapor lock in the suction pipe Prime the pump and suction piping again
Examine that the suction valve is fully open and suction line is
Suction head too low
not blocked
Examine resistances and decrease flow losses
the pump
Examine the suction piping configuration
small
Air leakage in suction opening, suction piping or shaft sealing Examine the suction piping. Replace the shaft seal
Too high air/gas concentration of the pumped liquid Contact Sulzer representative for more instructions
Too high viscosity of the pumped liquid Contact Sulzer representative for more instructions
Suction piping, suction valve or impeller partly clogged Examine the suction piping and the pump for a blockage
Rotational speed too low Examine the speed requirements / limits
Pump parts worn / damaged / clogged Examine the pump and replace defective parts, if necessary
Table 4. Symptom – High power consumption

Rotational speed too high Examine the speed requirements / limits
Wrong direction of rotation
bearing unit
Flow resistance of the piping much higher/lower than the head
Examine the piping arrangements
generated by the pump
Too high specific gravity of the pumped liquid Contact Sulzer representative for further instructions
Too high viscosity of the pumped liquid Contact Sulzer representative for further instructions
Align the pump and motor assembly again. Make sure there is
Pump and motor incorrectly aligned
no strain on pump.
Assemble the pump again and replace the shaft and bearings
Bent or eccentric shaft
if necessary.
Rotating objects or pump parts rub the pump inner surfaces Assemble the pump again and examine the clearances
Too much mechanical tightness in pump components Assemble the pump again and examine the clearances

USER’S MANUAL
Page 8 of 9
Subject: Operation
Table 5, Symptom – Too much noise and/or vibration

Examine the suction piping arrangements
small (cavitation)
Too high air/gas concentration of the pumped liquid Contact Sulzer representative for more instructions
Air leakage in suction opening, suction piping or shaft sealing Examine the suction piping / Replace the shaft seal
Suction piping, suction valve or impeller clogged Examine the suction piping and the pump for any obstructions
Rotational speed too low Examine the speed requirements / limitations
Flow resistance of the piping higher than the head given by Examine resistances and reduce flow losses by changing the
the pump piping
Pump operates below recommended minimum flow
Examine the pumping system requirements
(cavitation)
Pump foundation not sufficiently rigid Make the foundation stronger
Insufficient piping supports exert a strain on the pump Examine the piping support requirements
Align the assembly again. Make sure there is no strain on
pump.
if necessary.
Too much mechanical tightness in pump components Assemble the pump again and examine the clearances
Assemble the pump again and replace the bearings, if
Bearings worn or loose
necessary
Impeller damaged or out of balance Assemble the pump and replace the impeller, if necessary
Table 6, Symptom – Bearings wear rapidly

Align the pump assembly again. Make sure there is no strain
on pump. Replace the bearings, if necessary.
if necessary.
Rotating objects or pump parts rub the pump Assemble the pump again and examine the clearances
Assemble the pump again and replace the impeller, if
Impeller damaged or out of balance
necessary
Incorrectly installed and/or dirty bearings Assemble the pump and replace the bearings, if necessary
Table 7, Symptom – Pump overheats / seizes

Pump not adequately primed with liquid, or vapor lock in
Prime the pump and suction piping again
suction piping
Difference between inlet pressure and vapor pressure too Examine the suction piping configuration. It is possible that the
small (cavitation) pump operates below recommended minimum flow
Pump functioning below recommended minimum flow
Examine the pumping system requirements
(cavitation)
Align the assembly again. Make sure there is no strain on
pump
Assemble the pump again and make the shaft straighter or
replace the shaft

USER’S MANUAL
Page 9 of 9
Subject: Operation

Assemble the pump again and replace the impeller, if
Impeller damaged or out of balance
necessary
The discharge valve is closed Open the discharge valve
Examine the discharge piping, discharge valve and flush if
The discharge valve is clogged
necessary

Preventive maintenance
1 General
2 Temperatures
3 Noise and vibration analysis
4 Discharge pressure
5 Corrosion and wear
6 Shaft sealing
7 Bearing unit

Subject: Preventive maintenance Page 2 of 8
1 General
NOTE
Preventive maintenance is important for the safe operation of the machine.
Regular and accurate preventive and predictive maintenance can extend the product lifetime and reduce the need
for repairs and spare parts. An important part of quality maintenance is to monitor the instrumentation and to do
physical checks. Sulzer recommends that the maintenance system include a historical record kept of the condition
and performance of each pump. This helps to prevent sudden failures and facilitate potential failure analyses. In the
process industries, the cost of one process downtime caused by a pump is usually much more than the price of the
pump.
NOTE
If the pump performance is lower than the process requirements, disassemble and examine the
pump. Replace all worn parts with new and correct spare parts.
Preventive maintenance includes these procedures:

• Temperature, noise and vibration monitoring and inspections
• Monitoring of the discharge pressure, capacity and power demand
• Inspections of corrosion and wear
• Monitoring of the shaft seal
• Cleaning of the pump regularly
• Monitoring of the pump and pipes for leakage
• Checks at an interval of 4 months of the tightness of most important fasteners, such as foundation screws
and pump & motor fasteners onto the baseplate etc.
Table 1, General measuring instruments for pump operation

Fixed instruments: Portable instruments:
Pressure gauges, transmitters & indicators Vibration analyzers
Flow meters Tachometers
Ammeters/ wattmeters/ voltmeters Thermometers
Speed indicators Noise level indicators
Temperature sensors and indicators Ultrasonic indicators (wall thickness)
Vibroswitches

Fixed or portable instruments can cause a potential pump failure, and it is necessary to examine them regularly for
correct functioning.
WARNING
In an explosive atmosphere, avoid abrasive cleaning when cleaning the pump to prevent
sparking caused by electrostatic charge (explosion hazard group IIC).
2 Temperatures
During operation, monitor the temperatures of these components regularly:

• volute case (102.101)
• bearing housing (330.101)
• motor (800.201)
Examine immediately the cause of differences in temperatures to prevent more extensive damage. Make sure that
the temperatures or pressures do not exceed the temperature and pressure limits given in instruction 2.25 G07,
N32491 Product description.
3 Noise and vibration analysis
A regular check of the pump noise and vibration gives a good view of the condition and wear of the rotating parts of
the pump. This also enables the predictive maintenance procedures and decreases the number of unexpected shut-
downs. The admissible vibration severity values are shown in instruction 2.25 G07, N32491 Product description.
4 Discharge pressure
A regular control of the pressure supplied by the pump, the rated flow and the power consumption of the drive unit
gives a view of the condition and wear of the hydraulic parts of the pump. Refer to this control when you schedule
preventive maintenance procedures such as replacement of parts. If the discharge pressure of the pump decreases
or if the power demand increases slowly over time even though the pump has the same production rate and speed
of rotation all the time, it is a sign of increased internal clearances in the pump. The pressure and temperature limits
of the pump are shown in instruction 2.25 G07, N32491 Product description.
5 Corrosion and wear
When you operate the pump in conditions that cause corrosion and/or in abrasive conditions, a regular control of
wall thicknesses in the parts is necessary. When the hydraulic surfaces are indicating signs of corrosion and wear,
the mechanical durability (pressure limits) shown in these instructions are no longer valid and you need to consider
replacing the corroded/worn parts.
Because of the casting tolerances (ISO 8062-3:2007), the nominal wall thicknesses shown in the casting drawings
cannot be used for the estimate of too much corrosion and wear. If corrosion and wear are possible, measure the
wall thicknesses of the volute case and case cover at specified points before the first start-up. These values can be
used as reference values for assessing corrosion and wear.

6 Shaft sealing
WARNING
Always stop the motor before you perform any maintenance tasks on the pump. Make absolutely
sure that the motor cannot start during repairs.
NOTE
Always drain the pump before you disassemble the shaft seal.
The mechanical seal is installed at the factory before the supply. The cleanliness and lubricating properties of the
pumped liquid and the sealing liquid have an effect on the lifetime of a mechanical seal. If the mechanical seal has a
leak, stop the pump and replace the mechanical seal. Refer to the seal instructions in document 2.25 G111, N32496
Installation, operation and maintenance instructions.
It is not necessary to do preventive maintenance on mechanical seals, but it should be remembered that the slide
surfaces of the seal are not resistant to dry running. Make sure that the pump is always filled with liquid before you
start it.
CAUTION
The dry running of mechanical seals may damage the slide surfaces and cause leakage of the
pumped liquid.
7 Bearing unit
7.1 Bearing types

The pump has two single-row angular contact ball bearings.
Table 2, Pump bearings
Shaft size 1 2 3 4
Bearing size 7308 BECBM 7310 BECBM 7312 BECBM 7314 BECBM

7.2 General information on grease lubrication
CAUTION
Never mix different grease grades (consistency, thickeners). The mixed grease becomes softer
and does not lubricate the bearings properly.
NOTE
All greasing equipment and fittings used must be clean to avoid any impurities from entering the
bearing housing.
NOTE
The surface temperature of the bearing unit can temporarily rise after regreasing due to an
excess amount of grease.
All the grease-lubricated bearings have been lubricated before the shipment. The first re-lubrication should be done
before the initial commissioning of the pump.
For normal conditions when the bearing housing surface temperature is below +80 °C (+176 °F), we recommend
lithium-based or lithium-calcium-based mineral greases for antifriction bearings, e.g.:
• Shell Gadus S2 V220 2
• Mobil, Mobilgrease XHP 222
If the bearings run hotter and the surface temperatures are above +80 °C (+176 °F), we recommend the use of the
following special greases:
• Shell Gadus S3 V550L 1
• Mobil, Mobilgrease XHP 461
These special greases can also be used with surface temperatures below +80 °C (+176 °F). If the ambient
temperature is below 0°C (+32°F), always consult Sulzer about the use of the correct grease. All lubricants may not
be suitable for low temperature use.
Always consult the pump manufacturer about the use of any special greases and their start-up.
7.2.1 Grease lubrication in SNS

Amounts of lubricants and re-lubrication intervals are described in Table 3 and in Table 4 depending on the speed of
rotation.
Table 3, Initial and re-lubrication (50 Hz speeds of rotation)
Initial lubrication (g) Re-lubrication (g) Re-lubrication interval 1) (hours, bearing housing
temperature < +55°C)
Shaft size
Impeller Coupling Impeller Coupling 495 590 740 980 1480 2950
side side side side rpm rpm rpm rpm rpm rpm
1 50 25 15 10 - - 16000 12000 8000 3500
2 70 30 20 15 - - 14000 10000 6500 3000

Initial lubrication (g) Re-lubrication (g) Re-lubrication interval 1) (hours, bearing housing
temperature < +55°C)
Shaft size
Impeller Coupling Impeller Coupling 495 590 740 980 1480 2950
side side side side rpm rpm rpm rpm rpm rpm
3 120 60 30 20 - - 12000 8000 5500 2500
4 155 80 35 25 - - 10000 7500 4500 2000
1) Every 15°C rise in the surface temperature shortens the lubrication interval with a half.
Table 4, Initial and re-lubrication (60 Hz speeds of rotation)
Initial lubrication (g) Re-lubrication (g) Re-lubrication interval 1) (hours, bearing housing temperature <
+55°C)
Shaft size
Impeller Coupling Impeller Coupling 445 510 590 710 890 1180 1780 3540
side side side side rpm rpm rpm rpm rpm rpm rpm rpm
1 50 25 15 10 - - - - 15000 10000 7000 3000
2 70 30 20 15 - - - - 13000 8500 5500 2500
3 120 60 30 20 - - - - 11000 7000 4500 2000
4 155 80 35 25 - - - - 9000 6500 3500 -
1) Every 15°C rise in the surface temperature shortens the lubrication interval with a half.
7.3 General information on oil lubrication
CAUTION
For delivery, the bearing housing of the pump has been emptied of oil. Remember to refill it
before starting,
For lubrication, use only high-quality mineral oils, the viscosity of which is ISO VG 46.
E.g.
• Shell Tellus Oil S46
• Mobil DTE Oil Medium
The viscosity of oil at the operating temperature must not be below 12 cSt (65 SSU). Please take a note that the oil
temperature may be different from the bearing housing surface temperature.
The oil cleanliness requirement is according to ISO 4406, solid contaminant code of oil: -/17/14. The maximum water
concentration in oil is 200 ppm.
If the ambient temperature is below 0 °C, always consult Sulzer about the use of the correct synthetic oil. All
lubricants may not be suitable for low temperature use.

7.3.1 Oil lubrication in SNS
First oil filling
Figure 1
1 Remove the venting device (672.101).

2 Add oil until the middle of the sight glass (642.101), Figure 2. When the pump operates, there can be small
changes in the oil level of the sight glass. With a lower speed the oil level can be lower and with a higher
speed it can be higher (air is mixing into oil).
Put the venting device (672.101) again in position. See the oil volumes in Table 6.
Oil change
After commissioning, replace the oil for the first time after approximately 100 hours of operation. After the first oil fill,
refer to the oil change intervals in Table 5. If the operation conditions cause contamination or changes in other
properties of the oil, the oil change interval must be shorter.
Table 5, Oil changes
Surface temperature of bearing housing Oil change interval

65°C 1 year
75°C 6 months
If the surface temperature of the bearing housing is higher than 85 °C (185 °F) (the permissible maximum is 110 °C
(230 °F)), the fully synthetic oil Mobil SHC 626 or equivalent must be used. In these cases, the oil change interval is
three (3) months.
Table 6, Oil volumes (Oil bath lubrication)
Bearing unit Oil volume (l)

1 0.13
2 0.2
3 0.3

Bearing unit Oil volume (l)

4 0.42

Maintenance
1 Safety procedures before maintenance
2 Used equipment / tools
3 Disassembly
4 Inspection of wearing parts
5 Reassembly

USER’S MANUAL
Subject: Maintenance Page 2 of 12
1 Safety procedures before maintenance

WARNING
Some of the disassembled parts and assemblies are heavy and not stable. Because of the
design requirements they have sharp edges (e.g. impeller). Use correct lifting equipment and
supports to prevent personal injuries.
2 Used equipment / tools
2.1 Normally available working tools
WARNING
Follow the safety requirements!
 Hoisting accessories
 Wrenches for hexagonal screws. Refer to Parts List for sizes.
 Allen wrenches for socket head screws.
 Torque wrenches for screws. Refer to Parts List for sizes.
 Hooked wrenches. Refer to Part list for sizes.
 Extractors
 Bearing heater
 Lifting slings
 Dial indicators
 Cleaning agents & equipment
 Lubricating agents & equipment
 Glues

USER’S MANUAL
3 Disassembly
NOTE
Make sure that all necessary spare parts are available before you disassemble the pump.
This chapter gives instructions on how to disassemble and install the shaft assembly for the pump, and on the
service repair of the bearing unit.
3.1 Pump unit
3.1.1 Preparations
WARNING
Make sure that the motor cannot be started during the repair.
1 Stop the motor. Make sure that the motor cannot be started during the repair.
2 Close the suction and discharge pipe valves and drain the pump of liquid by opening the draining connection
plugs.
3 Disconnect the pump from the piping.
4 Loosen the fixing screws (914.201) of the guard jacket and remove the guard jacket (686.201) and the
extension (686.202).
Figure 1

USER’S MANUAL
5 Disconnect the coupling hubs from each other by removing the coupling spacer. Refer to the instructions of
the coupling manufacturer.
6 Remove the threaded plug (903.103) and drain oil from an oil-lubricated bearing housing.
7 Loosen the hexagon head nuts (920.202) and the hexagon head screws (901.202) of the support leg and
disconnect the pump from the baseplate (890.201).
8 Lift the pump from the baseplate and take it to a place that is suitable for the disassembly and assembly of
the pump.
920.202
901.202
554.203
Figure 2
3.1.2 Exchange unit

1 Loosen the nut (718.101) and remove the circulation piping (700.101).
2 Remove the hexagon head nuts (920.101) and washers (554.102).
3 Suspend the exchange unit by the lifting equipment from the maintenance opening of the bearing housing.
4 Pull out the exchange unit using extractor threads.
Figure 3

USER’S MANUAL
3.2 Wet end
3.2.1 Impeller
1 Attach the exchange unit tightly to a vice.
2 Do not let the shaft (210.101) turn at the coupling (840.201) end.
3 Remove the cap screw (914.101) of the impeller (230.101).
4 Remove the impeller by pulling it out. Push e.g. pieces of wood between the impeller vanes and case cover
to make the removal easier. Do not use metal bars or the like, because they can cause damage to the
impeller vanes.
Figure 4
3.3 Mechanical seal
Refer to instructions in document 2.25 G111, N32496 “Sulzer SNS mechanical seal Installation, Operation and
maintenance instructions”.
3.4 Bearing unit
1 Remove the hexagon head screws (901.101) and washers (554.131) of the bearing cover (360.101).
2 Push the shaft and pull out the bearing cover. As a result, the deflectors (507.101 & 507.102) also come out.
3 Remove the drive-end labyrinth ring (423.102) and O-ring (412.105).
4 Fasten the shaft with its bearings to a vice and remove the bearing nut (923.101) and lockwasher (931.101).
5 Remove the antifriction bearings (320.101 and 320.102) from the shaft with an extractor or with a hammer
and a punch.

USER’S MANUAL
Figure 5
4 Inspection of wearing parts
4.1 Shaft seal

Examine the slide surfaces between the rotating part and the static part of the mechanical seal. There must not be
signs of scratching on these. If the shaft seal has leaks during operation, replace the seal. Always replace the
mechanical seal as a full unit. Send the removed seal to the manufacturer for servicing. It is not recommended that
the seal is disassembled at the mill if there was a leak during pump operation. Alternatively, replace the seal with a
new one and send the damaged seal for servicing.
4.2 Bearings
Always replace the bearings with new ones when you service the bearing unit.
4.3 Impeller
Examine the impeller for wear and damage. Look for corrosion holes in the suction area, wear on the vanes and
cracks in the circumference. Remove small surface roughness with a file or sandpaper. Replace the impeller if
necessary.
4.4 Volute case

Examine the volute case for wear and damage. Pay special attention to areas behind and in front of the impeller.
Replace the volute case if necessary.

USER’S MANUAL
5 Reassembly
5.1 Bearing unit
5.1.1 Installation of bearings
CAUTION
Use heat-insulating gloves when you hold the hot bearing.
NOTE
It is important that all parts are clean when you install the bearing. Dirt and humidity are
dangerous because the small particles that go into the bearing can damage the rolling surfaces.
Make sure the work area is free from dust, dry and well removed from machining operations.
Do not use compressed air to clean the parts.
Make sure that the shaft, bearing housing and other mating parts are clean. Clean carefully the bearing seats on the
shaft and in the bearing housing from anti-rust compounds and remaining paint. Rotating parts must be free from
burrs and sharp edges.
1 Attach the shaft (210.101) to a vice. Use soft sheets between the vice clamp jaws to prevent shaft damage.
2 Use an electromagnetic induction heater to increase the temperature of antifriction bearings (320.101 &
320.102) to 80–100 °C.
3 Push the antifriction bearing (320.101) onto the shaft against the shoulder.
4 Push the distance sleeve (521.101) onto the shaft against the bearing.
5 Install the other antifriction bearing (320.102). Install the antifriction bearings “back to back”. Refer to Figure
6.
6 Install the bearing nut (923.101) onto the shaft. Use a special hook wrench to tighten the antifriction bearings
with the bearing nut against the shaft shoulder. Then let the bearings cool down.

USER’S MANUAL
Figure 6
5.1.2 Bearing unit cover

1 Set the O-ring (412.103) and (412.104) into the groove in the bearing cover (360.101). Lubricate the O-rings
with a small amount of O-ring grease.
Figure 7
2 Push the labyrinth ring (423.101) into the bearing cover. Install the bearing cover with the mark up for oil
lubrication and down for grease lubrication. The oil-returning slot on the labyrinth ring must be down.

USER’S MANUAL
Figure 8
5.1.3 Bearing unit assembly

1 Apply thread sealant to the plugs (903.105) and (903.106) to seal the plug holes. Then attach the plugs to
the bearing housing.
2 Set the O-ring (412.105) into the labyrinth ring (423.102). Lubricate the O-ring with a small amount of O-ring
grease.
3 Lift the bearing housing (330.101) on a platform. Push the drive-end labyrinth ring (423.102) into the bearing
housing with the oil-returning slot down.
Figure 9
4 Lift the bearing housing (330.101) on a platform.

5 Install the shaft and bearing unit into the bearing housing.
6 Install the bearing cover (360.101) and labyrinth ring (423.101) unit to the bearing housing. Tighten the
hexagon head screws (901.101).
7 Place the bearing unit on a platform. Push the deflectors (507.101) and (507.102) onto the shaft.

USER’S MANUAL
Figure 10
Table 1, Correct installation distances of deflectors

Shaft size Coupling side Impeller side
B k B k
1 1 1.4 1 2.7
2 1 0.7 1 2
3 1 0.5 1 1.5
4 1 3.3 1 2
5.2 Mechanical seal

Refer to instructions in document 2.25 G111, N32496 Mechanical seal Installation, Operation and maintenance
instructions.
5.3 Wet end
5.3.1 Impeller
WARNING
Make sure that you lock the capscrew (914.101) of the impeller with a Nord-Lock washer to
prevent the loosening of the impeller.

USER’S MANUAL
NOTE
Whenever you remove the impeller, replace all O-ring with new ones.
1 Make sure that the O-rings behind the impeller are correctly installed.
2 Prevent the shaft from rotating from the coupling end and put the impeller (230.101) into its position. The
clearance between the impeller and case cover (161.101) is approximately 1.0 mm.
3 Lock the impeller with the capscrew (914.101) onto which the O-ring (412.102) and Nord-Lock washer
(554.101) is attached.
4 Tighten the socket head screw to the torque value given in Table 2.
Table 2. Impeller locking screws (914.101)
Torque (Nm)
Shaft size Screw size
Rating
1 M8 28
2 M10 58
3 M10 58
4 M12 100
5.4 Pump unit
5.4.1 Preparations
 Clean all gasket surfaces and fittings from rust and layers.
 Examine for unusual erosion, pitting and wear in parts.
 Examine keyways and bores for damage.
 Examine the pump and baseplate for cuts and cracks
5.4.2 Exchange unit

1 Attach the support leg of the bearing unit with the hexagon head screws (901.103).
2 Suspend the exchange unit with the lifting equipment from the maintenance opening of the adapter or below
the adapter.
3 Install the exchange unit into place. Put the washers (554.102) and nuts (920.101) into place. Tighten the
nuts in a cross pattern.
5.4.3 Final assembly

1 Put adjusting plates below the support leg. The plates must have the same thickness as the clearance below
the support leg. Do not close the clearance by tightening.
2 Attach the support leg (183.101) to the baseplate (890.201) with the hexagon head screws (901.202).
3 Lubricate the bearing unit with oil or grease. Refer to lubrication instructions in chapter "Operation".

USER’S MANUAL
4 Install the coupling spacer. Refer to the instructions of the coupling manufacturer. Align the coupling.
5 Install the coupling guard jackets (686.201 and 686.202). Adjust the coupling guard. The space between the
coupling guard and motor is approx. 5 mm.
6 Install the remaining auxiliary pipings, guards, accessories and sealing unit equipment. Refer to sectional
drawings.

Sulzer SNS mechanical seal
Installation, operation and maintenance instruction
1 Seal types
2 Storage
3 Safety
4 Operation condition information
5 Installation
6 Maintenance and repairing
7 Decommissioning
N32496en 4 2020-03-23 Product Version 1, 2.25 G111

USER’S MANUAL
Sulzer SNS mechanical seal Document version: 4
Page 2 of 10
Subject: Installation, operation and maintenance instruction
NOTE
If you have questions related to the product, contact your nearest supplier or representative of
Sulzer Pumps Finland Oy.
1 Seal types
1.1 Single mechanical seal SNS1

Sulzer SNS1 is a single acting mechanical seal that is specially designed for the SNS pump. The sliding faces of the
seal are balanced to prevent large pressure fluctuations and pressure shocks, because these can cause loads to the
sliding faces. In the Sulzer SNS1 seal, the slide ring is installed on flexible material. Because of the flexible slide
ring, the sliding faces rotate without run-out and they automatically prevent alignment errors between the shaft and
seal housing. The seal is applicable to pumps used in the water, heat generation, paper, pulp, food and chemical
industries, where clean and lubricating low-consistency liquids are pumped. The pumped liquid lubricates and cools
the sliding faces of the seal.
1.2 Singe mechanical seal SNS1F

Sulzer SNS1F is a single acting seal specially designed for the SNS pump.
The sliding faces of the seal are balanced to prevent large pressure fluctuations and pressure shocks, because
these can cause loads to the sliding faces. In the Sulzer SNS1F seal, the slide ring is installed on flexible material.
Because of the flexible slide ring, the sliding faces rotate without run-out and they automatically prevent alignment
errors between the shaft and seal housing. The seal is applicable to hot water solutions where you cannot use the
SNS1 seal. In the SNS1F seal, the pumped liquid recirculates back to the seal space. If not, external flushing must
be used to prevent dry running and for the cooling of the seal. The compact design together with continuous flushing
ensure clean lubrication on the sliding faces of the seal when you operate the pump, and also during the start of the
pump.
1.3 Single grease-lubricated mechanical seal SNS1G

Sulzer SNS1G is a single acting grease-lubricated mechanical seal that is specially designed for the SNS pump. The
sliding faces of the seal are balanced to prevent large pressure fluctuations and pressure shocks, because these
can cause loads to the sliding faces. In the Sulzer SNS1G seal, the slide ring is installed on flexible material.
errors between the shaft and seal housing. The seal is applicable to pumps used in the water, heat generation,
paper, pulp, food and chemical industries, where clean and lubricating low-consistency liquids are pumped. The
pumped liquid lubricates and cools the sliding faces of the seal. The grease between the seal and shaft ensures
lubrication.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 3 of 10
Prior to commissioning, the SNS1G seal must be filled with grease. In manual lubrication, the lubrication interval is
about 1 month. The seal can also be connected to an automatic lubrication system. Greases of grade NLG 1-2 are
recommended for lubrication.
1.4 Double mechanical seal SNS2

Sulzer SNS2 is a double acting seal specially designed for the SNS pump. The double-balanced design of the seal
enables the use of pressurized and non-pressurized sealing liquid. The sliding faces of the seal are balanced to
prevent the pressurization of the pumped liquid and sealing liquid so that these do not open the sliding faces.
Alternatively, the seal works in all pressure variation circumstances, and also at negative pressure. In the Sulzer
SNS2 seal, the slide ring is installed on flexible material. Because of the flexible slide ring, the sliding faces rotate
without run-out and they automatically prevent alignment errors between the shaft and seal housing. The seal is
applicable to pumps used for environmentally dangerous and abrasive liquids, where the conditions are beyond the
operation limits of single seals. The seal is applicable to difficult conditions in pumps used in the paper, pulp, food
and chemical industries. The pumped liquid lubricates and cools the sliding faces of the seal.
1.5 Double mechanical seal SNS2P

Sulzer SNS2P is a double acting seal specially designed for the SNS pump. The double-balanced design of the seal
enables the use of both pressurized and non-pressurized sealing liquid. The sliding faces of the seal are balanced to
prevent the pressurization of the pumped liquid and sealing liquid so that these do not open the sliding faces.
Alternatively, the seal works in all pressure variation circumstances, and also at negative pressure. The structure of
the SNS2P seal accomplishes a sufficient sealing liquid circulation in a closed sealing liquid system, which is why a
separate circulation pump is not needed. In the Sulzer SNS2P seal, the slide ring is installed on flexible material.
errors between the shaft and seal housing. The seal is applicable to pumps used for environmentally dangerous and
abrasive liquids, where the conditions are beyond the operation limits of single seals. The seal is applicable to
difficult conditions in pumps used in the paper, pulp, food and chemical industries. The pumped liquid lubricates and
cools the sliding faces of the seal.
2 Storage
Keep Sulzer SNS seals in a dry storage in their original package, and do not open the package until the installation.
Be careful when handling the seal package. Do not drop or otherwise damage the seals. If a seal is stored, examine
that the O-rings can move freely.
3 Safety
Follow the installation and operation instructions and the general safety instructions when you use the Sulzer SNS
seals. Do not use the seals beyond the operation condition limits.
WARNING
Follow the same procedures as with a corrosive material when you handle seals made from FKM
and FFKM materials. Refer to the manufacturer’s instructions.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 4 of 10
4 Operation condition information
CAUTION
Do not run the seal dry.
Table 1, Use of the seal

SNS1
The seal must not be rotated without the pumped liquid.
SHS1G
The seal must not be rotated without the recirculation of the pumped liquid back to the seal space or without external
SNS1F
flushing.
SNS2
The seal must not be rotated without sealing liquid.
SNS2P
Table 2, Permitted operation conditions of the seal

SNS1 and SNS1G SNS1F SNS2 and SNS2P
ISO US ISO US ISO US

Pmax 16 bar 232 psi 16 bar 232 psi 16 bar 232 psi
Vmax 25 m/s 82 ft/s 25 m/s 82 ft/s 25 m/s 82 ft/s
Tmax 125°C ① 257°F ① 140°C ② 284°F ② 180°C ③ 355°F ③
Seal surface SiC/SiC SiC/SiC SiC/SiC-SiC/SiC
O-ring EPDM, FKM
① Depending on the liquid 10°C (18°F) below the boiling point

② With internal or external flushing
③ With sealing liquid
Table 3, Recommended quality values for SNS2 and SNS2P sealing liquid
ISO US
Solids content (must not contain clay or similar fine-grained materials) max. 10 mg/l 0.00134 oz/gal
Particle size of solids max. 50 μm 0.0013 in
Silicate content max. 10 mg/l 0.00134 oz/gal
Permanganate number max. 30
Iron content max. 1 mg/l 0.00013 oz/gal
Total hardness < 10 odH

USER’S MANUAL
Page 5 of 10
Adjust the sealing liquid flow to 0.5 to 3 l/min (0.13 to 0.79 USGPM). The recommended sealing liquid pressure is 1
to 1.5 bar (14.5 to 21.8 psi) above the suction pressure. If the temperature of the sealing liquid after the seal is more
than 60°C (140°F), increase the sealing liquid flow.
5 Installation
5.1 Before installation

Make sure that the seal has no damage after transportation. During installation, follow the assembly and installation
instructions and do the work carefully and in clean conditions.
Do not touch the sliding faces. However, if it is necessary to touch the sliding faces, clean them with a solvent
cleaner and a soft cloth before pushing the faces against each other. Push the sliding faces lightly against each
other.
Remove sharp edges from all shoulders against which the auxiliary seals (O-rings and gaskets) are pushed during
installation. Lubricate the joint surfaces of the parts and the auxiliary seals before you install them. Use silicone oil or
soap solution for lubrication. Do not use mineral-based oil or grease. Push manually the seal parts into position. Do
not damage them.
5.2 Installation of single mechanical seal

1 Install the O-ring (412.MS04) into the groove of the seal chamber of the case cover (161.101).
2 Put the spring (477.MS01) into the pressure ring (1820.MS01).
3 Push the spring (477.MS01) and pressure ring (1820.MS01) assembly into the seal chamber of the case
cover.
4 Install the pressure ring (1820.MS01) into the seal chamber of the case cover with the retaining ring
(506.MS01).
Figure 1
5 Attach the case cover to the bearing bracket with two hexagon head screws (901.101, 901.102).

USER’S MANUAL
Page 6 of 10
Figure 2
6 Install the O-ring (412.MS03) on the thrust ring (475.MS01).

7 Push the thrust ring (475.MS01) with hand into the seal chamber of the case cover. The slots must face
down.
8 Push the thrust ring (475.MS01) until you are sure that the part moves correctly.
Figure 3
9 Put the O-rings (412.MS02 & 412.MS01) into the O-ring grooves on the back of the impeller hub.
10 Push the slide ring (472.MS01) to the back of the impeller (230.101) hub with hand.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 7 of 10
Figure 4
11 Clean the seal face with a cleaner intended for electrical equipment.
12 Install the impeller on the shaft (210.101). Make sure that you do not cause damage to the slide ring face.
13 Attach the impeller to the shaft with the cap socket screw (914.101). Make sure that you also install the
washer (554.101) and O-ring (412.102).
Figure 5
5.3 Removal of single mechanical seal

1 Remove the impeller. The slide ring (472.MS01) and O-rings (412.MS02 & 312.MS01) come along with the
impeller.
2 Remove the case cover of the pump.
3 Remove the thrust ring (475.MS01) and O-ring (412.MS03) from the case cover.
4 Remove the retaining ring (506.MS01). Now you can remove the pressure ring (1820.MS01) with the spring
(477MS.01).

USER’S MANUAL
Page 8 of 10
5 Remove the O-ring (412.MS04) from the case cover groove.
5.4 Installation of double mechanical seal

1 Install the O-ring (412.MS05) into the O-ring groove on the drive end shaft.
2 Push the slide ring (472.MS02) onto the shaft with hand.
Figure 6
3 Install the O-ring (412.MS04) into the seal chamber of the case cover (161.101).
4 Put the spring (477.MS01) into the thrust ring (475.MS02).
5 Push the spring and thrust ring assembly into the seal chamber of the case cover.
Figure 7

USER’S MANUAL
Page 9 of 10
7 Attach the case cover on the bearing bracket with two nuts. Refer to Figure 2.
8 Install the O-ring (412.MS03) on the thrust ring (475.MS01).
9 Push the thrust ring with hand into the seal chamber of the case cover. The slots must face down.
10 Push the thrust ring until you are sure that the part moves correctly. Refer to Figure 3.
11 Put the O-rings (412.MS02 & 412.MS01) into the O-ring grooves on the back of the impeller hub.
12 Push the slide ring (472.MS01) to the back of the impeller (230.101) hub with hand. Refer to Figure 4.
14 Install the impeller on the shaft (210.101). Make sure that you do not cause damage to the slide ring face.
15 Attach the impeller to the shaft with the cap socket screw. Make sure that you also install the washer
(554.11) and O-ring (412.102). Refer to Figure 5.
16 Install the sealing liquid hoses. In a closed sealing liquid system, the fluid flow direction in the system is
defined when the situation is studied from the bearing side. The fluid goes out of the left-side connection, the
fluid goes in from the right-side connection.
5.5 Removal of double mechanical seal

1 Remove the sealing liquid hoses.
2 Remove the impeller. The slide ring (472.MS01) and O-rings (412.MS02 & 312.MS01) come along with the
impeller.
3 Remove the case cover of the pump.
4 Remove the thrust ring (475.MS02) and the spring (477MS.01) from the case cover.
5 Remove the O-ring (412.MS04) from the groove of the seal chamber of the case cover.
6 Remove the thrust ring (472.MS01) and O-ring (412.MS05) from the shaft.
6 Maintenance and repairing
In order to keep Sulzer seals in best serviceable condition, we recommend that you examine the seals always in
connection with maintenance work. Make sure that the seal is tight and that there are no leaks before you
disassemble the seal. The maintenance interval of the seals is related to the process conditions. Because of this we
cannot give an accurate maintenance interval (it can be 1 - 10 years). We recommend that you replace a seal that
has been used for a length of time with a new seal if a seal has to be removed from the device (even if the seal is
not leaking). If it is necessary to re-install the removed seal, examine the condition of the sliding faces and auxiliary
seals (O-rings and gaskets) of the seal. Clean the seal space and seal of the device thoroughly. Lubricate the O-ring
surfaces with silicone grease.
In maintenance and repair, we recommend that you contact the seal manufacturer or the seal manufacturer’s
representative.
NOTE
Before you contact the seal manufacturer or representative of the seal manufacturer, verify the
seal type and identification data from the seal or in the installation and operation instructions.

USER’S MANUAL
Page 10 of 10
7 Decommissioning
The maintenance of Sulzer seals is made easy by replacing worn or damaged parts with new, original Sulzer spare
parts. The parts can also be used again after they are repaired at Sulzer Customer Support Service Centers. You
must use Sulzer Customer Support Service Centers in the estimate of whether the parts can be repaired and
whether it is possible to use them again. If you need further instructions or assistance, contact your Sulzer
representative.
At the end of the life cycle of a product or its parts, recycle or discard the applicable materials and parts. Use
procedures which prevent environmental damage and which comply with local legislation and regulations. If a
product or its part contains material dangerous to the environment, they must be removed and discarded in
accordance with applicable regulations.
Recycle or discard packaging materials using procedures which prevent environmental damage and which comply
with local legislation and regulations.

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Installation, Operation

N32486en 4 2020-03-12 Product Version 1, 2.25 G01-G02 (ISO)

N32487en Information for use

N32488en Reception of supply

N32489en Safety instructions

N32490en Lifting and transfers

N32491en Product description

N32492en Installation at the site

N32494en Preventive maintenance

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND OY

Inspection of wearing parts

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND OY

Applies to pump types: CPE, CPT, SNS

Keep these instructions always available!

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND OY

 There is a risk of personal injury if you do not follow the instructions.

Table 1, Symbols used in illustrations

Lubricate with grease or oil as specified in instructions

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND OY

Apply thread sealant or other liquid material specified in instructions

Tighten the tighteners to specified torque

Installation position of bearing cover in bearing unit filled with grease

Installation position of bearing cover in bearing unit filled with oil

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND OY

Applies to pump types: CPE, CPT, SNS

2.1 Short time (less than 3 months)

2.2 Long time

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND OY

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND OY

Applies to pump types: CPE, CPT, SNS

3 Necessary safety precautions

4 Ignition hazard assessment

5 Signs affixed to the equipment

6 Equipment used with food grade products

7 Operating conditions that have an effect on equipment safety

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND OY

2.2 Necessary health and safety requirements

2.2.1 General remarks

2.2.1.2 Principles of safety integration

2.2.1.3 Materials and products

2.2.1.5 Design of machinery to facilitate its handling

2.2.2.1 Control and stopping devices

2.2.3 Protection against mechanical hazards

2.2.3.2 Risk of damage during operation

2.2.3.3 Risks because of falling or ejecting objects

2.2.3.4 Risks because of sharp edges or angles

2.2.3.5 Risks related to changes in the rotational speed

2.2.3.6 Risks related to moving parts

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND OY

2.2.4 Protection against other hazards

2.2.4.1 Static electricity

2.2.4.2 Errors of fitting

2.2.4.3 Very high temperatures

2.2.4.4 Fire and explosion

2.2.4.5 Noise and vibration

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND OY

2.2.4.8 Slipping, stumbling and falling

2.2.5.1 Machinery maintenance

2.2.5.2 Access to operating position and servicing points

2.2.5.3 Isolation from energy sources

2.2.5.4 Operator intervention

2.2.5.5 Cleaning of (internal) parts of machine

2.2.6.1 Information and warning devices

ORIGINAL INSTRUCTION COPYRIGHT © SULZER PUMPS FINLAND OY