Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Rizal

BAGUMBONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Senior High School Department

______________________________________________________
Detailed Lesson Plan in Creative Writing

November 20-23, 2023

I. Objectives:
At the end of the period, students should be able to:
a. Identify the various elements, techniques, and literary devices in drama,
HUMSS_CW/MPIj-IIc-15
b. Define drama;
c. Distinguish the type of drama used in some movies;
d. Apply logical thinking before writing your own piece.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Structure of Drama (Dramatic Elements)
Reference: Learning Module for Grade 12 - Creative Writing
Materials: TV, Laptop, Pictures

III. Learning Tasks

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

1. Daily Routine
A. Opening Prayer

Let us start our day with a simple opening “Let us bow our head and feel the presence
prayer to be led by __.. of the Lord…”

B. Greetings

Good morning class! “Good morning, Ma’am.”

Kindly pick up first the pieces of paper and

candy wrappers under your chair and put
them inside your bag before you take your
seat.

C. Checking of Attendance

Just a reminder for __, our class secretary, Yes, Ma’am!

kindly record the list of absentees. Okay?

D. Checking of Assignment
N/A

2. Review
Give me one thing that you can still
remember from our previous discussion Answers may vary
abour drama and its types.

3. Motivation

What is your favorite drama? Why? Students’ answer may vary.

What is something about it that excites you
the most?

B. Analysis
1. Plot

We refer to plot as the dramatic

structure of a play. Nonetheless, it
should not be forgotten that the
narrative structure is not the only
consideration to think of since majority
of these plays are created to be played
either in a theater, a movie or a
television.

There are three major divisions or

acts in a physical format of a play. A
three-act play is composed of three
acts which show a fuller and longer
exposition of the theme and conflict of
the story. On the other hand, a one-act
play involves one unit of time, place and
action only.

Typically, plays are written in

many different forms, but the typical
structure often consists of the following:

1.Exposition This part introduces

and the characters and
Introduction establishes the setting
of the story. The
introduction can either
present the conflict
right at the very
beginning or in the
middle of the action.
Regardless of the
structure, this part
shows the situations
that involved the
characters to the
 conflict and sets the
tone of the play.
2. Conflict This is where the
challenges that the
protagonist is about to
face are presented.
This conflict may arise
from various forces,
including the society,
nature, environment,
God, or even from the
main character
himself/herself.
3. Rising From the emergence
Action or of a conflict, the play
Complication now rises toward a
dramatic tension
which often turns into
a confrontation. As
this dramatic tension
intensifies, it provides
emotional tension
between characters,
giving the audience
more details
concerning them
which were not known
in the introduction and
conflict. This part also
makes the conflict
more complicated.

4. Turning This part is where the

Point, Climax audience finds out if Answers may vary
or Crisis the protagonist either
wins or loses in the
“Dran” which means to act or to do
battle that he or she is
struggling with. This is
known as the highest Comedy, tragedy, etc.
point in a story.
5. Falling At this point, the
Action audience somehow
gets a sense of the
conclusion, but may
still have some
unsettled questions at
work within the plot.
6. This marks the ending
Denouement of the play where we
or Resolution can see if the
protagonist won
against the
 antagonist. It also
shows whether or not
the order is brought
back and the conflict
has been resolved.

Dramatic Elements
Action It refers to what the
characters say or do
to achieve their
goals.
Antagonist It refers to the
character or
situation that is in
conflict with the
protagonist.
Arc It is the storyline of
the play; something
that the audience
wants to find out.
Aside This is when the
actor speaks directly
to the audience
while the other
actors on stage
supposedly did not
hear a word he or
she says. In the
Renaissance
drama, it was used
to make the actor’s
inner feelings known
to the audience
while in the 19th
century, it was used
to insert comedy or
melodrama.
Backstory It refers to past
events involved in
the play.
Complications This is the
introduction of new
characters,
information or other
events which often
causes conflicts.
Conflict It refers to the
problem which
arises due to the
opposing intentions
of the protagonist
and the antagonist.
Discovery This is when the
protagonist finally
realizes the reality of
the situation.
Double plots It is the use of a
subplot in moving
towards and outside
of the main plot. This
is usually observed
in Elizabethan
drama.
Dramatic It refers to what the
convention audience intends to
accept as true for
the story’s sake.
This may include the
actors acting to
represent the
characters of the
story, the stage set
up to appear realistic
in time and location,
and so on.
Flashback In order to clarify the
situation, it uses
description or
enactment of what
happened in the
past which usually
has something to do
with the present
conflict.
Foreshadowin It refers to the use of
g hints at the future
just to create
audience’s
anticipation.
Inciting It refers to that
incident occurrence which
introduces the main
character and gets
the plot going.
In Medias Res It is the opening
scene in the middle
of the action.
Intrigue It refers to a scheme
created by one of
the characters which
often results in a
more complicated
plot.
Music It is used on the
 stage to set the
mood and tone of
the play.
Monologue It refers to the
speech delivery of
an actor in the
presence of other
actors who simply
listens, but not talk.
Protagonist It is the main
character in a play
who often comes
with a mission or
has a quest to
conquer.
Reversal It occurs when the
protagonist either
fails or succeeds.
Scenes These are portions
of an act which let
the audience relax
briefly from the
tension of the story
Soliloquy It is an actor’s
speech delivery to
express thoughts at
the time when he or
she is alone.
Stakes These refer to what
the characters stand
to either gain or lose
when they succeed
or fail.
Surprise It is what happened
in the story which
the audience does
not expect at all.
Suspense It involves
happenings that
cause a sense of
uncertainty about
the things that will
happen to the
characters

2. Setting

An effective playwright does not

only consider the plot when writing
drama. Equally important to that matter
is to also think of the setting in a play.
Basically, setting is the term used to
describe the place or the locale where
the story of the play is located.
Moreover, it also includes the date, time
and the action involved in the play.

In general, setting has two main

categories:

 Realistic plays
- Refer to those whose
conventions are under the
realistic plane and are
taken from real people,
objects and situations. In
this category, the setting is
created with the aim to
reproduce the external
presence of life.
 Non-realistic plays
- It is the exact opposite of
realistic plays in which it is
drawn out from stylized and
unconventional events. It
involves characters who
are not real people, but are
allegorical or symbolical.
The setting in this category
can be a dream-like forest,
a barren and deserted
mountain, the underworld
or any fictional spot.

3. Character

As discussed in the lesson on

fiction, character refers to a person or
any entity with human characteristics
who acts, speaks, narrates or is referred
to in a literary work. A character can be
major (or principal) or minor
(supporting). The general classifications
of characters in drama are as follows:

 Hero or heroine – also

known as the protagonist
whose conflict is also the
main conflict of the play
 Villain or villainess – the
character with evil qualities
and often contradicts with
the hero(ine)
  Superhero or superheroine
– the character with
supernatural powers
 Antihero or antiheroine – a
character who is more
ordinary compared to
traditional hero(ine)

4. Dialogue

Among the components in a play,

this is the most important. This is
basically the reason why the action of
the play moves. Since the nature of
drama is performative, it is the dialogue,
which takes place between the
characters, that often reveal the tone
and the characters in the play.

When writing the dialogues,

consider the following pointers:

 Characters should not give

flawless talks.
 Character should refrain
from using clichés.
 Characters should not
often use character
names.
 Characters should not
deliver lengthy speeches.
 Characters do not directly
mention the theme of the
play.

In simple
definition, a
drama is a story
enacted on
stage before an
audience.
Since it is a
story, a drama
(or more
commonly
called
nowadays as
‘play’) is
technically a
piece of
writing.
However, a
drama is
exclusively
presented
through an
element called
‘dialogue’.
The word
‘drama’ comes
from the Greek
word ‘dran’
meaning ‘to act
or to
d
C. Abstraction
What’s the structure of Drama?

What are the different dramatic

elements?

D. Application (11-24-2023)
In one yellow paper, write a draft of any
type of drama, considering the elements
and literary devices discussed in this
lesson.

IV. Evaluation (11-25-2023)

I. True or False. Write TRUE if the

statement is true and FALSE if it is not
true based on the discussion above.

1. Drama is a mode of fictional

representation through the use of
dialogue and performance.
2. The writer of a drama is called a
poet.
3. Comedy is a type of drama which
aims to entertain the audience.
4. Tragedy is characterized by a
lighter theme.
5. Farce is a type of drama that
involves exaggerated or absurd
forms of comedy.
6. An effective playwright only puts
into consideration the plot of the
a. arc f. dialogue
b. docudrama g. opera
c. flashback h. In Medias Res
d. foreshadowing i. music
e. reversal j. complications

play.
7. The conflict is where the
challenges that the protagonist is
about to face are presented.
8. Falling action is the last
component of a plot.
9. To make a play become more
effective and interesting, a
playwright must consider several
techniques and devices or
dramatic elements.
10. The setting of a play is always
realistic.

II. Identification. Read the description in

each item below. Find inside the box the
correct word/s that each description
refers to. Write the letter of your answer
in your notebook.

1. It refers to the use of hints at the

future just to create audience’s
anticipation.
2. It is used to set the mood and
tone of the play.
3. This is known as the most
versatile genre of drama.
4. It causes the action of the play to
move.
5. This new genre of drama involves
dramatic portrayals of historic
events.
6. It occurs when the protagonist
either fails or succeeds.
7. This is the introduction of new
characters, information or other
events which often causes
conflicts.
8. It is the storyline of a play.
9. It is the opening scene in the
middle of the action.
10. It is often used to clarify the
present situation through
description or enactment of what
happened in the past.
V. Assignment
N/A

Prepared by:

RAECHELLE E. VILLARAN
Subject Teacher