UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DOMINGO SAVIO

FACULTADA DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD

CARRERA DE MEDICINA

Inglés Técnico II
Endocrine System
Diseases

Lic. Lesly Guerrero O.

 UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DOMINGO SAVIO
FACULTADA DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD
CARRERA DE MEDICINA

Hyper-secretion is when an excess of one or more hormones is secreted from

a gland. Hypo-secretion is when the amount (cantidad) of hormones that are
released is too low. There are many types of disorders that can result when too
much or too little of a hormone is released.

GLANDS - too much - too little

Anterior pituitary
Posterior pituitary
Adrenal cortex

Thyroid
Pancreatic islet
Parathyroid
 UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DOMINGO SAVIO
FACULTADA DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD
CARRERA DE MEDICINA

Anterior pituitary - growth hormone Gigantism Dwarfism

gigantism (children), acromegaly (adults)
dwarfism (children)
 UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DOMINGO SAVIO
FACULTADA DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD
CARRERA DE MEDICINA

Posterior pituitary - Antidiuretic hormone ADH

syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH) Diabetes insipidus

ADH regulates the characterized by

amount of water excessive thirst (sed) and
excreted by the the excretion of large
kidneys. amounts of diluted urine.

When there is an It occurs when the

excess of ADH, the kidneys cannot properly
kidneys retain water (adecuadamente)
instead of excreting it concentrate urine,
in the urine,which can leading (most important)
cause fluid retention. to water loss and the
need to urinate
frequently.
 UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DOMINGO SAVIO
FACULTADA DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD
CARRERA DE MEDICINA

Adrenal cortex - aldosterone -cortisol

Aldosteronism
Aldosterone plays a key role in
regulating salt and water
balance in the body, particularly
by promoting the retention of
sodium and excretion of
potassium by the kidneys.
Excess aldosterone can lead
(producir) to increased sodium
retention, high blood pressure,
and low potassium levels
Cushing syndrome Addison disease
A rare disorder characterized
Hormonal disorder with
by insufficient production of
elevated levels of
adrenal hormones, leading to
cortisol, causing
symptoms such as fatigue,
symptoms such as
weakness, weight loss, and
weight gain, fat
low blood pressure. It is
redistribution, thin skin
usually caused by damage to
and muscle weakness
the adrenal glands. Treatment
(debilida).
involves (implica) hormone
replacement therapy.
 UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DOMINGO SAVIO
FACULTADA DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD
CARRERA DE MEDICINA

Thyroid - thyroid hormone

Graves disease infantile and adult hypothyroidism

Delayed (retraso)Development Fatigue - Weight Gain

Low Energy Cold Intolerance
An autoimmune disorder that causes overactivity Dry (seco) Skin Dry Skin
of the thyroid gland, leading to (Provocando) Feeding Problems Muscle and Joint Pain
symptoms such as weight loss, rapid heartbeat Bulging : face and tongue Memory Issues
Constipation - Depression
(ridmo cardiaco), and bulging (hinchado) eyes.
 UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DOMINGO SAVIO
FACULTADA DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD
CARRERA DE MEDICINA

Pancreatic islet -insulin

Hypoglycemia Diabetes mellitus
 UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DOMINGO SAVIO
FACULTADA DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD
CARRERA DE MEDICINA

Parathyroid - parathyroid hormone

Bone degeneration Tetany (muscle spasms)
A skeletal disorder where Muscle spasms and cramps
normal bone is replaced with (calambre), especially in the
fibrous tissue. hands and feet.
Cause: Genetic mutation Numbness
occurring during early (entumecimiento) around
development. the mouth or in the
extremities.
Characteristics: Weakening Muscle
(devilitamiento) of the affected twitching(espasmos).
bones, deformities, and an Painful contractions of the
increased risk of fractures. muscles.
In severe cases, seizures
(convulciones).