AJAY KUMAR GARG ENGINEERING COLLEGE GHAZIABAD

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

ST Solution-EVEN Semester (2022-23)

COURSE :B.Tech

SUB. CODE : KCS-603

SUB NAME : COMPUTER NETWORKS
WRITEEN BY : Ms. NEERJA ARORA

REVIEWED BY : DR. RAJESH PRASAD

NAME OF HOD : Dr. SUNITA YADAV

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ate bkepaiae
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entetim
et ent
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ees shariy, eSawhe
y eetabau
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to tal oigi htybnd ctage
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ng eneehian
ombination
f
keiateu daand olhmsks enuteu bafine
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 Mar
Pe Aleha fes
onts
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dend
Qnd
anly at te begimigy tine
-a

flotted Aloha
S= o36&

(antiol
Jld doch same
ejented bhofcol
ietal uhe
ons: HDLC is A bit acr.
teld e stucue vaties
Contain wbte 6
trame

&bit geyuence tat marks tho Bepinniy

theane
Tt centaind h addres
Ubyte).
byte

Payleadi
ky t tield trame cheA
 HDLC fame
flag addkecs (ents odPaylead
Tbyte Tbyte
bytes
aMee.

fame (Sujruicoy lama)

nta

U-fme funumbsad fanu

e 5) It a clas B nle an tu iatenet has a

(uboet Mask 255. 2SS. 248 · b, t d tu Mat
no hauds bes Subnet

tal oable hest dalwsses z oy8

Riadlast addhen)
 Atenp A the (56-25)
ab-i) Draww teR/1p utool sut
and
AnseP /f model was duoigd fehse potocel[
(DoD)
by Debmnt
derlope and of standad
an
fn R8Os s besol Protoo
StanolsoansmisSion Co nto)
The top/|p. model
/tntenent ooteCal. 0S mode
the
a Conise vesion of
-fo
Seren layes in the

The lau

Deta
 DNS o07 FTe
|TFTP

UDP TCP

Hetnk laun
htenet Protoco|P Support Po0 4oew
IP Otine Poto col

pae dinhagítal aye

Seial ne atejace || foint -o- Po Snt
protocol (S Proto col (Pfr)
Phyria
Wt-i) het do you undeutand by netwot
pologiesY Speity and coreane
to have 6 Com es then
cebls reiee to connect
topoloaie
 a conneeteo
tach othen Topodognes "
4yine bothn phygical and dogical n to
the Netwok.
1) Pont-to-Pont -
Awo hstt eh
ssyvw eonneeheo bak to hak srg

A dleves sha
-- ng er Cabe. igla
sBus Tofology catn
Gommunç

3) star
au conneete to a conha devee
huh dewreet wsey pan t-to bum
Cunnette
 6
tepole eoch host
machine comects t eaactEy t o oth e nachtnes

No of able eqired n node n

for bnode 6

of
hogt conne cted to one
hosts, This tobo lay has hosts n pont
pofnt nneotion "oith, evey othen
othe host
may aso have hosts hioh
ae inoint o- pont Conneotton f fe
hosts

No 2 5
 Discuss about lifferem+ persistent methoda,
4- Persistent
The 1- persis dent
St raight method
is simple and
forware. In
the station finds the this me thod, af fer
its freme im mediakelyline idle itSends
Cwith
This method has the probabiliky),
n
collision becase toro highest chance
two or more S
may fined the line idle and Send taton
their
franes immedietely.
a
th
slahon that hos a fem to sen sensesgandom
dlo.it waity q
line. 14f the Sine is 1dle,it
ammount ah tnne anal then genge the Sine
geun. The nn
þensdentofhreah dlues
the chance collisim because it as anlikeley
Satins wil
tat to endl
o time and get
Bame ommunt melheel ecueo the
ouyly. Howeven ths
Ai mullane becaute f
fhe medium
Cfcieny ao fhe Hetwwk shatrone
e on thone
semany illa
P- Pe sistent
f the clannel has tme slos oitth
duratm cquslta greaden than th maoijma

the aduantags the othen too

i4 gecdu the ehanee u coli_ion and
mbves
eqicrence.
the
ln this method,at the stad on firde

.
 eharnel
b) 56 ames pos 2) Joo fpnespes becvnd
beconad.
bansms ion tme
4)
sm Pes baconol
lS-sucond,
6xe26
then G:1
- 035 (13.5 Pehant
Ths onca) thet.
thsoujhput =JonlemXo-/35 - |35 1ens

S- GXe- 0/84 (1s-4 pestarnt)

This 0neans that
bhaougpt- 5oo Xo-/84
84. The IP mtwok oo. 193.
bubnets nd ynd l6o.5o/29 dasl9n thu
addres,Rrsst end astnetaokadhes,
1he olumbes host
host Qddres bcad
um bas ust
2 thrs Subnet.

To destg) the pubhefs we meod to

2
the subnct mask Yoom dtesn)ne
he fven hoos
255 25S
engh
The me Slep ` t0 dnde he
NClwo 1
sUbnets.Snyco We have /2? pefa tergth He ca,
bompy 3bils mte host Potien to
this yveo erete subn
7o &/2dl
7ubne.
R/na the metwesk addres each
Can nesmurt he host Pstsn g bubd, we
he ongines reti
Qddses he nembe hosts Poß Subnt 49hich
932-29
-2= B0 hosts/
Subndt l: Netwok, addy tos 20p -195- /60-0
= 200
|98-J6or 3| . bicadeest addren
Frost host - 200. /9S.J6o/ Last
No. hosts ) this bubnet host- 200/98- lbo-3o
=30
Subnet 2: NetwosK addres -
Byoad caot addye 200/18/6032
200/9 8-/6o 63
Fst addses=
200/?3/6oBBpet-
33 bBSadded
Lust host =205)60-b2
(

Subnt S! Netoctk addses = 200 1?g ·l6o-224

BiendcST Qddyes 2 /j5 -l6o,255
Frst host = 20D/98 /6o i225
Last host- 2D/98 l6o2S4
Numbes 2 hosls ths Subnct =3o
 IP, dedayyan hus
lean Qhhiyed wte the fol/foinj headln
on o3 58 50 20 D600 00 PC
Ux 45 00 00 S4 OF 02
4E 03 02 B4 OE
( )is the frcket cemupted 9 Wky
n Find the Sc optnsn
lata
1he Prckit havel to ?
(() HoN manghe2iclens
souYce IP address
(V) that s
O0 54
Ars 4 5 0 0 5850
5
D003
20
7e 4E 0302
B4 oE OF o2

datesm/pe Whehes tha facket s

)tis Met Prsible to
rnýpmnatern Povntod
comupted based on tio (Nooptsn)
byjes hene opthen -o
1) HLEN=5X4= 2o
=0054 hetadcimaß (&4 decimaS)
I) Totel length =64 Bytes
HLEN =2o Se data - 84-20
s 20->32(decinmaS)
iv) TTL Velue to 32 Detess
tTavef
So Pecketcan
c4E 03 02 /247632
Spusce IP -
llE Daaus the dingam e Ost unce Hodel. ate all dha

APPLICATION

PRESENTATION
SESSION
TRANSPORT
NETWORK
DATA UNK

PHNSICAL
lcatien

Rsmste
Buswrtatibn Tanalatisn
Eneuytisn
Sein - Guae
Hanags
Synehaisu
 Teuminate the gusien un ditun te dh abolieant

Tranatot - Seuse ent addeng

Segmuntatin (data thot Numbea)
Coninion

Ndwek logyinl addusig

- Fsamu(hal atda o Sendu sieixet d +ockt)

Lshen tame suach to te &iteh it and t to P.A

- Tsonemusn meda
ehaycal ay
Data Rode
Synch&rie
- duie onguotien

Sia- The doto Wad iu (l010. CRC qunvate eemual

3+r+l, aky CRC mtthsd and tud Code lsad
Pextom cACAC mdhed t ndal ude ound ese do

CRC stande foe Cyeie Redundanoy chack

’ Based en duriay duscisn
Pelyrumual shauld nat he dishl bu x
 ut

tulyromial duge
binany
So, dat dh
Hughut doa at tanomual
Jait

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