DETAILED LESSON PLAN

I. OBJECTIVES

A. Define the three figures of speech based on contrast;

B. Identify irony, paradox, and oxymoron; and,
C. Give examples of paradox, irony and oxymoron

II. CONTENT: IRONY, PARADOX, AND OXYMORON

III. LEARNING RESOURCES

A. REFERENCE
1. Almonte, L., R., Flandez, L. L., Hermosa, A. A., Lagustan, N., Mangaluz, L. A., Miranda,
E. R., Villanueva, K. B., (2015) Celebrating Diversity through World Literature, Learner’s
Material. Pasig City, Philippines: REX Books Store, INC., 79-91.
2. https://www.texasgateway.org/resource/irony-oxymoron-and-paradox-english
B. MATERIALS: PPT Presentation, Cue Cards, and Pictures

IV. PROCEDURES

TEACHER’S ACTIVTY STUDENTS’ RESPONSE

A. PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES
a. Prayer
b. Greetings
c. Checking of Attendance
d. Classroom Management

B. MOTIVATION

Have you ever experience reading a literary piece

that makes you read between the lines? Maybe, you
were thinking that literature is making fun of you-
but remember that the language of literature
(figurative language) gives new meaning to
ordinary words and is not meant to be taken
literally.
The teacher will show the students the following
pictures and ask them what they think about it...

1.
C. DISCUSSION PROPER
a. Unlocking of Difficulties

When you were still in High School you

learned about figurative language. Can you still
recall what its definition? What about figure of
speech? What’s the difference between the
two?

Unlock the meaning of the following words

using the given example: Meaning:
1. Irony 1.
1. It shows a difference between expectation and
2. Oxymoron reality.
3. Paradox 2.
2. It is a figure of speech in which two opposite
ideas are joined to create an effect.
Example: 3. 3. It is a statement that appears to be self-
1. The name of Britain’s biggest dog was contradictory or silly, but which may include a
“Tiny.” latent truth.
2. Paid volunteers were working for the
company.
3. “I must be cruel to be kind.”

Choices:
1. It is a figure of speech in which two opposite
ideas are joined to create an effect.
2. It is a statement that appears to be self-
contradictory or silly, but which may include a
latent truth.
3. It shows a difference between expectation
and reality.

b. Presentation of the Lesson

You already know that figure of speech is a
word or phrase that has a meaning other than
the literal meaning.
You are already familiar with figure of speech
based on comparison, which are simile and
metaphor. Today we will talk about figure of
speech based on contrast, which is a very
interesting topic.
Irony is a figure of speech in which words are Example:
used in such a way that their intended meaning The CEO of a big tobacco company said he did
is different from the actual meaning of the not smoke.
words. It may also be a situation that ends up in
quite a different way than what is generally My friend’s kids get along like cats and dogs.
anticipated. In simple words, it is a difference
between expectation and reality.
Oxymoron is a figure of speech in which two However, the contrasting words or phrases are
opposite ideas are joined to create an effect. not always glued together. The contrasting ideas
The common oxymoron phrase is a may be spaced out in a sentence, such as, “In
combination of an adjective proceeded by a order to lead, you must walk behind.”
noun with contrasting meanings, such as “cruel
kindness,” or “living death”.
 Example:
The term paradox is from the Greek word
I am nobody.
paradoxon, which means “contrary to
expectations, existing belief, or perceived “All animals are equal, but some are more equal
opinion.” It is a statement that appears to be than others.” [George Orwell]
self-contradictory or silly, but which may
include a latent truth. It is also used to illustrate
an opinion or statement contrary to accepted
traditional ideas. A paradox is often used to
make a reader think over an idea in innovative
way. Paradox normally strives to create feelings
of intrigue and interest in readers’ minds, to
make them think deeper and harder to enjoy the
real message of the poem.
An oxymoron may produce a dramatic effect,
but does not make literal sense. A paradox,
however, seems contradictory to the general
truth, but it does contain an implied truth.

D. DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
“Quiz Bee”
The teacher will divide the class into four. Each
group will be given a paper and a pen. After the
teacher show a sentence or group of words, the
students will identify whether it is irony,
paradox, or oxymoron. After the count of three,
each group will raise their respective answer.
1. He was sent on a working vacation.
1. Oxymoron
2. Thank you for driving carefully.
2. Irony
3. No posting of signs on public property!
4. We learn from history that we do not learn 3. Irony
from history.
4. Paradox
5. Phone out of service? Give us a call.
5. Irony
6. This statement is false.
7. He developed a virtual reality game. 6. Paradox

8. “What a pity that youth must be wasted on 7. Oxymoron

the young.”
9. I posted a video on YouTube about how 8. Paradox
boring and useless YouTube is.
9. Irony
10. “The child is father of the man…”
10. Paradox

E. GENERALIZATION
What are the three figures of speech according
to contrast? What are the differences between
the three?
Irony is a figure of speech in which words are
used in such a way that their intended meaning is
different from the actual meaning of the words.
An oxymoron may produce a dramatic effect, but
does not make literal sense. A paradox, however,
seems contradictory to the general truth, but it
does contain an implied truth.
 F. EVALUATION
I. Identify the appropriate figure of speech in each
given definition. Encircle the letter of the
correct answer.
1. An ___________ may produce a dramatic 1. B
effect, but does not make literal sense.
A. Irony B. Oxymoron C. Paradox
2. A________, however, seems contradictory 2. C
to the general truth, but it does contain an
implied truth.
A. Irony B. Oxymoron C. Paradox

3. ______ is a figure of speech in which 3. A

words are used in such a way that their
intended meaning is different from the
actual meaning of the words.
A. Irony B. Oxymoron C. Paradox
II. Identify whether the example is irony, paradox,
or oxymoron.
4. The fear of long words is called 4. A
“Hippopotomonstrosesquippedalio phobia.”
A. Irony B. Oxymoron C. Paradox
5. Truth is honey, which is bitter. 5. C
A. Irony B. Oxymoron C. Paradox
6. “I can resist anything but temptation.” 6. C
A. Irony B. Oxymoron C. Paradox
7. The doctor was absolutely unsure of the 7. B
nature of his illness.
A. Irony B. Oxymoron C. Paradox
III. Give example of paradox, irony and oxymoron.
8. ___________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
9. ___________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
10. __________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________

G. ASSIGNMENT
Study the different types of paradox and irony.

Prepared by:
Mayla Rea Z. Aloc