19ME409 - Dynamics of Machines

Unit 3- Free vibration

PART A

1. Define frequency.
2. State different method of finding natural frequency of a system.
3. What do you mean by semi definite system?
4. Define whirling speed of shaft.
5. Distinguish between transverse and torsional vibrations.
6. The natural frequency of the system given below

7. What is the importance of always finding the first critical frequency in any vibrating
system?
8. What is meant by free vibration and forced vibrations?
9. What do you meant by damping and damped vibration?
10. Define logarithmic decrement.

PART B

1. Three rotors A, B and C having moment of inertia of 2000, 6000, and 3500 kg-m2
respectively are carried on a uniform shaft of 0.35 m diameter, the length of the shaft
between the rotors A and B is 6 m and between B and C is 32 m. Find the natural
frequency of the tortional vibrations. The modulus of rigidity for the shaft material is 80
GN/m2.
2. Derive the natural frequency of longitudinal vibration by any two methods.
3. A shaft of diameter 10 mm carries at its centre a mass of 12 kg. It is supported by two
short bearings, the centre distance of which is 400 mm. Find the whirling speed: (i)
Neglecting the mass of the shaft, and (ii) considering the mass of the shaft. The density of
shaft material is 7500 kg/m3. Take E = 200 GN/m2.
4. flywheel is mounted on a vertical shaft as shown in Figure. The both ends of the shaft are
fixed and its diameter is 50 mm. The flywheel has a mass of 500 kg. Find the natural
frequencies of longitudinal and transverse vibrations. Take E = 200 GN/m2.
5. A shaft 50 mm diameter and 3 metres long is simply supported at the ends and carries
three loads of 1000 N, 1500 N and 750 N at 1 m, 2 m and 2.5 m from the left support.
The Young's modulus for shaft material is 200 GN/m2. Find the frequency of transverse
vibration.
6. A shaft 180 mm diameter is supported in two bearings 2.5 metres apart. It carries three
discs of mass 250 kg, 500 kg and 200 kg at 0.6 m, 1.5 m and 2 m from the left hand.
Assuming the mass of the shaft 190 kg/m, determine the critical speed of the shaft.
Young’s modulus for the material of the shaft is 211 GN/m2.
7. A shaft 30mm diameter and 1.5 long has a mass of 16 kg per metre length. It is simply
supported at the ends and carries three isolated loads 1 kN, 1.5 kN and 2 kN at 0.4 m, 0.6
m and 0.8 m respectively from the left support. Find the frequency of the transverse
vibrations: 1. Neglecting the mass of the shaft, and 2. considering the mass of the shaft.
Take E = 200 GPa.
8. Derive the natural frequencies of a two-rotor system.
9. The mass of a single degree damped vibrating system is 7.5 kg and makes 24 free
oscillations in 14 seconds when disturbed from its equilibrium position. The amplitude of
vibration reduces to 0.25 of its initial value after five oscillations. Determine : 1. stiffness
of the spring, 2. logarithmic decrement, and 3. damping factor, i.e. the ratio of the system
damping to critical damping.
10. A steel shaft of 1.5 m long is 95 mm in diameter for the first 0.6 m of its length, 60 mm
in diameter for the next 0.5 m of the length and 50 mm diameter for the remaining 0.4 m
of its length. The shaft carries two flywheels at two ends the first having a mass of 900 kg
and 0.85 m radius of gyration at the 95 mm diameter end and the second having a mass of
700 kg and 0.55 m radius of gyration located at the other end. Determine the location of
the node and the natural frequency of free torsional vibration of the system. The modulus
of rigidity of shaft material may be taken as 80 GN/m2.

11. A vibrating system consists of a mass of 8 kg, spring of stiffness 5.6 N/mm and a dashpot
of damping coefficient of 40 N/m/s. find:
o The critical damping coefficient
o The damping factor
o The natural frequency of damped vibration
o The logarithmic decrement
o The ratio of two consecutive amplitudes and
o The number of cycles after which the original amplitude is reduce to
20%.
12. A vibratory system is defined by the following details: m=4kg; k=150 N/m; C=3N/s/m;
Determine (a) damping factor; (b) the natural frequency of the damped vibration; (c)
logarithmic decrement; (d) the ratio of the two successive amplitudes and (e) the number
cycles after which the original amplitude is reduced to 20 percent.

13. The following data refer to the transmission gear of a motor ship:
Moment of inertia of flywheel = 4800 kg m2
Moment of inertia of propeller = 3200 kg m2
Modulus of rigidity of shaft material = 80 X 109 N/m2
Equivalent MOI per cylinder = 400 kg m2
 Assuming the diameter of the torsionally equivalent crankshaft to be 320 mm and
treating the arrangement as a three rotor system, determine the frequency of free
torsional vibrations

14. Two rotors A and B are attached to the end of the shaft 500 mm long. The mass of the
rotor A is 300 kg and its radius of gyration is 300 mm The corresponding values of the
rotor B are 500 kg and 450 mm respectively. The shaft is 70 mm in diameter for the first
250 mm, 120 mm for the next 70 mm and 100 mm diameter for the remaining length.
The modulus of rigidity for the shaft material is 80 GN/m2. Find 1. The position of node,
2. The frequency of torsional vibration.