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The working principle of the LED driver is to limit the maximum operating
When the AC voltage of 220V is added to both ends of the capacitor, the
The following figure shows an actual LED driver diagram with capacitor
effectively bleed the abrupt current to protect the diode and other
of micro milliseconds.
The pressure resistance of the filter capacitor C2,C3 depends on the load
voltage, which is generally 1.2 times times the load voltage, and its
Table of Contents
Introduction
Buck converters are DC-DC step down regulators that can provide an
However, LED loads present some specific design considerations for buck
configuration, buck regulators can form the basis of robust LED drivers
voltage regulation
The buck converter’s flexible and efficient output makes it well suited as
LEDs typically operate at 1.5V to 3.5V, much lower than most buck
May need wider duty cycle range or two-stage conversion for large
input-output differentials.
Dimming Ability
control.
Startup Behaviors
techniques used.
startup.
With good engineering, bucks make excellent LED drivers. But the unique
Topology Description
Basic Buck Simplest option. Requires current sense resistor which wastes power.
Buck with Current Sensing Replaces sense resistor with low-side current sensing for greater efficiency.
Hysteretic Buck Uses constant on-time with hysteretic current control. Fast transient response but some ripple.
\Buck-Boost Allows continued operation as input voltage approaches LED voltage. Prevents dropout.
\SEPIC Single inductor converter provides input-output isolation and prevents dropout.
Cuk Provides input-output isolation. High efficiency but higher part count.
range.
Here are some key design factors when developing a buck LED driver:
regulation.
Efficiency Targets
waste.
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80%+ efficiency.
Size/Footprint Limits
Thermal Management
lifetime.
cooling as needed.
Dimming Methods
flexibility:
directly.
Digital PWM
DC Voltage Dimming
Analog Dimming
cycle.
Inductors
Capacitors
Power Switches
Current Sense
Control ICs
Summary
require adaptations.
FAQ
What are the main disadvantages of using a buck converter for an LED driver?
Higher input voltages require a wide duty cycle range. May need lower
frequency for light loads. Most buck ICs lack explicit current regulation.
What causes output voltage overshoot when a buck LED driver starts up?
At startup, the output cap is fully discharged causing a large inrush until
which adjusts the duty cycle to maintain a constant peak inductor current.
Analog PWM, digital PWM, and DC voltage dimming integrate well with
buck converters. PWM options avoid color shift at low brightness. Analog
Related Posts:
Capabilities
https://www.raypcb.com/capacitor-buck-led-driver-schematic-diagram/