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ROLE OF SIR SYED AHMED KHAN IN PAKISTAN MOVEMENT:

LIFE SKETCH:
 Sir Syed ahmed khan was born in 1817 in Delhi
 He joined EIC in 1835 as sub clerk in the Court of Law and promoted to Chief Judge in 1846
 During war of Independence 1857, he was in Bajnor where he saved British women and children
 Owing to this service, he was asked to work as governor but he refused because he wanted to
serve the Muslims.

BACKGROUND:
 After 1857, Hindus make the british believe that the muslims were a threat to british rule.
 As a result, national recognition of the Muslims was in severe danger.
 Sir syed ahmed khan was the first leader to come forward and tried to rescue national pride of
muslims through Aligarh Movement.

OBJECTIVES OF ALIGARH MOVEMENT:

1- To build confidence between the govt and Muslims
2- To persuade the muslims to acquire modern knowledge and English language
3- To hold back the muslims from the politics

EDUCATIONAL SERVICES OF ALIGARH MOVEMENT:

 He wanted the muslim nation to be educated to keep pace with the modern advancement
 He believes that honour of the nation could be achieved only by education
 He advised Muslims to get the most modern western education
 He established educational institutions for the muslim youth
1- School in Muradabad:
>He establised a Persian school in 1859
2- School in Ghazipur:
>He established this institute in 1862

3- Scientific society:
>He established this unique institution in 1863

>Its purpose was to translate other books in urdu language

>In 1876, HQ was shifted to Aligarh

4- M.A.O. School Aligarh:

>He setup this school in Aligarh in 1875

>Later on (in 1877) it was upgraded to college

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>This institution became Muslim University Aligarh in 1920

5- Muhammadan Educational Conference:

>He established this organization in 1886 to provide funds to fulfil the requirements of Aligarh
Movement

>This organization served the Muslim community in all the fields

>The main aim was to inspire the muslims to work in the field of education

>This movement result in the foundation of All India Muslim League in Dhaka in 1906 in its annual

meeting

SYLLABI:
Thoughts of sir syed when deciding the syllabi of the institutions:

“philosophy will be in our right hand, natural science in our left hand and the crown of Islamic
Ideology will be on our head.”

 He tried to make the syllabus a good blend of Western, Eastern and Islamic education and
uplifted the educational status of the Muslims.
 Thus, Aligarh Movement was the pioneer to bring a revolution in the field of education.

LITERACY SERVICE OF SIR SYED AHMED KHAN:

1- Prolific Writer:
 He himself was a prolific writer
 He was supported by a group of intellectuals
 He used literature for the national progress.
2- Khutabat-e-Ahmadia:
 He wrote this book in 1869 to defend the Holy Prophet (PBUH) in reply to “More’s
book”
3- Tabbain-ul-Kalam:
 He wrote a commentary on Bible
4- Risala Tehzib-ul-Ikhlaq:
 In 1970, he published a pamphlet in which he described social problems of the Muslims
and tried to eliminate the prejudice among the Muslims towards the non-muslims.
5- Asar-us-Sanadeed:
 He wrote this for the social welfare of the Muslims
6- Translation Works:
 He translated the following books:
a- Ain-Akbari
b- Tuzok-e-Jahangri
c- Tarikh-e-Sarkashi Bajnor
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 In addition to all this, he also wrote Tafseer-ul-Quran, Loyal Mohammadans Of India and
Risala Asbab-e-Baghawat Hind.

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SERVICES OF ALIGARH MOVEMENT:

He took many steps to regain the lost social and economic status of the Muslims.

1- Lost Glory:
 He guided the muslims on every level to regain their lost glory
2- Risala Asbab-e-Baghawat-e-Hind:
 After the war of independence 1857, he wrote to describe the actual reasons behind
this war
3- Loyal Muammadans Of India:
 He wrote this book to make the British aware of the services of the Muslims.
 Through this book, he got sensible behavior of the British for the Muslims of India.
4- Government jobs for the Muslims:
 As a result of sir syed’s campaign, the Muslims of India got remarkable jobs in government
sector on a large scale.
5- Orphanages:
 He established orphanages for Muslim children
 In this way, he tried to construct a bridge b/w the British and the Muslims.
 He succeeded in getting attitude finally changed, and the Muslim joined the mainstream once
again.

POLITICAL SERVICES OF ALIGARH MOVEMENT:

 He advised muslims to stay away from politics
 He himself took important steps to educate the muslims for their socio-economic restoration.
 He views education, the only weapon to keep pace with modern advancement.
1- Two-nation theory:
 In the beginning, he was in favor of Hindu-Muslim unity
 But after Urdu-Hindi Controversy, he knew the nature of Hindu nation.
 For the First time in the history, he used the word “Nation” for the Muslims in 1867, hence
he is known the founder of two-nation theory.
 He asked for special safeguards for the Muslims in different fields along with the special
seats in the local council.
2- Quota in services:
 He started a movement against the open competitive examinations for superior services
 He also rejected the government of the majorities to prevent the monopoly of the Hindus
in India
3- Advice to avoid politics:
 After the war of 1857, he advised the muslims to remain away from politics until they
become strong enough in education
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4- Urdu Hindi Controversy:

 After Urdu Hindi controversy, he understood the mentality of the Hindus and pressurized
British to avoid replacing Urdu with Hindi
5- Behavior towards Indian National Congress:
 He forbade the muslims to join the Indian National congress founded by A.O Hume in
1885
6- Political Reforms:
 He restrained the muslims from joining Congress
 He struggled for special seats of the Muslims in local councils
 He also started a movement against the open competitive exams.

CONCLUSION:
 The services of Sir Syed were highly applaudable
 He is recognized as one of the founders of Pakistan
 Maulvi Abdul Haque remarks on Sir Syed:

“ The first stone of the foundation of Pakistan was laid down by this old man.”