Com Engage

4 t h Quarter – Reviewer

Human Rights

- The civil and politica l rights of a person

- Adopted from the 1948 Universal Declaratio n of Hum an Rights prepared by the UN.

A N EFFEC TIVE C ONSTITUTION HA S 3 PA RTS:

1. Constitu t io n of Governm ent

2. Constitu t io n of Sovereignty
3. Constitu t io n of Liberty

BILL OF RIGHTS

include 22 sections that present the Filipino Citizen’ s rights and priviledge s

FUNC TIONS OF DEPA RTM ENT OF JUSTIC E:

1. To investiga te crim es and prosecutes offend ers through the National Bureau of
Investiga tio n (NBI) and the National Prosecution Service (NPS)
2. To serve as the legal representa tive of the Governm ent of the Philippines
3. To provide free legal assistance/re pres en ta ti on to indigents and poor litigan ts
4. To prom ote, develop, and expand the res olution of the disagreem en ts between people
or groups
5. To perform other functio ns that include witness protectio n, anti -hum an traffick i ng,
assisting rape victim s, and m aintain in g the organizati on a l structure

C OM M ISSION ON HUM A N RIGHTS

- an independen t office provided for in the Philippin e Constitu t io n to investiga te all form s of
hum an rights violations involving the civil and politica l rights of the Philippines

Program s:

1. Hum an Rights Protection Program s

2. The provision of the hum an rights education curriculum
 3. Creation of an environm ent of poverty reduction
DEPA RTM ENT OF LA BOR A ND EM PLOYM ENT
aim s to protect and prom ote the welfare of Filipino workers both in the country and abroad.

Social Justice
- describes the relationsh i p between the individual a nd society as fair and just.

refers to the overall equality and fairness in:

• the treatm en t of fellow hum an beings regardless of race, sex, gender, social class,
age dis/abili ty, religion, politica l affil ia ti on , creed, or other characteristic of
background or group m em bership;
• the access and allocatio n of com m unity resources and goods such as basic needs
• the giving of opportun i ty structures and life chances so that people can live
m eaningfu l lives and achieve well-being

Secti on 2 of Arti cl e XI I I of the 1987 Phi l i ppi ne Consti tuti on

Prom otion of social justice shall include the com m itm ent to create econom ic opportuni ti es
based on:
Freedom of Initiative
Initia tiv e is the ability of a person to assess and do things indecently
Self-Reliance
referred to as an individua l’ s ability to do things and m ade decisions independen tly , having
the confidence in exercising one’ s judgm ent.

SOC IA L INJUSTIC E
refers to situati ons and issues relating to unequal and abusive relations hi ps am ong people,
particular ly hum an rights violati ons, exploita tio n, abuse, and discrim inatio n directed toward
certain individuals of groups

• Poverty
• Unfair Labor Practices
• Plight of Farm ers and Farm workers
• Ageism
• Racism
• Gender bias
• Disabili ty bias
 • Discrim inati on

Empowerment and Advocacy

EM POW ERM ENT

- developm ent of self-confid enc e, self-contr o l, relations hi p with others and the firm ness
to gain politica l power to achieve im proved inputs and equality.

A DVOC A C Y

- active interven tio n of com m unity m em bers to see ways to obtain the needed resourc es
that are not available in the com m unity. It is also one way to change the com m unity
regulati ons that affec t the m em bers negatively .

- involves exerting efforts m ore than what is necessary to accom plish a certain task

- a tool in attain in g people em powerm ent

Advocate - one who speaks on behalf of the com m unity in order to achieve fair or equal
treatm en t or gain the needed resources

Roles:

• Speaking for the people and representin g them to those in authori ty

• Protecting those who are vulnerable
• Creating support to enhance social functio ni ng
• Protecting and advancing claim s or appeals

M EDIA AND ADVOCACY

M edia - an effectiv e com m unication tool which greatly aids in advocacy and fightin g for
positive change in society.

Empowerment and A dvocacy are social dem ocratic practices that enable people to
overcom e barriers and contribu te to practice a focus on social justice.

Participatory Development

PA RTIC IPA TION is the action partaking, having or form ing part of the substance, quality, or
nature of som ething or person
 PA RTIC IPA TORY DEVELOPM ENT is the engagem en t of the m atter of populatio n in
developm ent pr ojects. It em phasizes the value of self-relianc e, sustainable developm ent, and
social justice.

BENEFITS

• Involvem ent of people

• Enhanced sustainabi l i ty
• Sense of ownership and responsibili ty

SOC IA L M OVEM ENT PERSPEC TIVE

the type of participa tio n wherein the people are m obilized to elim inate unjust hierarchies of
knowledge, power, and econom ic distribu tio n.

INSTITUTIONA L PERSPEC TIVE

type of participa ti on that uses the inputs and opinions of relevant groups in a com m unity to
serve as the factor to attain one’ s goal.

4 STA GES OF PA RTIC IPA TORY DEVELOPM ENT

EVALUATION STAGE

IMPLEMENTATION STAGE
STEP 04
DESIGN STAGE
STEP 03
RESEARCH STAGE
STEP 02

STEP 01
 PLANNING is an essential part of participatory development.
CIVIL SOCIETY GROUPS IN THE PHILIPPINES:
• The Center for People Empowerment and Governance
• The Local Government Foundation
• Galing Pook Foundation

Gender Equality
refers to both m en and wom en being equally treated in term s of rights, benefi ts, obligati ons ,
resources, protectio n, and opportun i ties

AREAS EXPLORED IN TERMS OF GENDER EQUALITY

1. Economic participation
2. Educational attainment
3. Health and survival
4. Political Empowerment

GENDER INEQUALITY
the unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on their gender. It arises from differences in socially
constructed gender roles
FORMS
● Women work longer than men
● Inequality in Employment and Earnings
● Ownership Inequality
● Survival Inequality
● Gender Bias in the Distribution of Education and Health
● Gender Inequality and Freedom of Expression
● Gender Inequality with Respect to Violence and Victimization
 METHODOLOGIES AND APPROACHES OF COMMUNITY ACTIONS
AND INVOLVEMENTS ACROSS DISCIPLINES

PARTNERSHIP
arrangement where different people and organizations work together, address shared concerns, and pursue common
interest

4 STAGES OF PARTNERSHIP

COMMUNITY PROFILING
- Presents an overview of the community at a certain period in time

NEEDS ASSESMENT
- a planning process conducted to determine and address the needs of a group

COMMUNITY LEADERSHIP
Described as less hierarchical and often based on voluntary actions, serving as an instrument for change
The Leadership Community Theory stresses that “leadership should be seen not only as position and authority, but
also as an emergent, interactive dynamic.”

PARTICIPATORY ACTION an approach that uses different means to address issues identified by a community