SOCIAL WELFARE,

POLICIES,
PROGRAMS AND
SERVICES
Dr. Chanda T. Api
Preliminary Topics
Introduction to Social Welfare
Principles and Concepts
(Week 2-4)
A. Review of Definition of Social
Work: Global and Philippine Legal
Definition
Reporter:
Shane Patrick B. Madduma
SOCIAL WORK (Old definition)

 RA 4373 (1965) the profession which is primarily

concerned with *organized social service activity
aimed to facilitate and *strengthening basic social
relationships and the *mutual adjustment between
individuals and their social environment for the
good of the individual and of society by the use of
social work methods.
• 2014 Global Definition of Social Work (Approved by the International Federation of Social
Workers (IFSW) General Meeting and the International Association of Schools of Social Work
(IASSW) General Assembly in July 2014)

 Social Work is practice-based profession and an academic

discipline that promotes social change and development,
social cohesion, and the empowerment and liberation of
people. Principles of justice, human rights, collective
responsibility and respect for diversities are central to
social work. Underpinned by theories of social work,
social sciences, humanities and indigenous knowledge,
social work engages people and structures to address life
challenges and enhance well-being.
(International Association of Schools of Social
Work: 2001).
“a profession which promotes social change, problem
solving in human relationships and the empowerment
and liberation of people to enhance well-being.
Utilizing theories of human behavior and social
systems, social work intervenes at the points where
people interact with their environments. Principles of
human rights and social justice are fundamental to
social work.
 SIMILARITY OF THE DEFINITONS
(2014 Global Definition of Social Work ) (International Association of Schools of Social Work:
2001)
 practice-based profession  Profession
 academic discipline  Promotes social change, problem-solving in human
 promotes social change and development, social relationships, and the empowerment and liberation of
cohesion, and the empowerment and liberation of people
people.  Aim: enhance well-being
 Utilizes theories of human behavior and social  Utilizes theories of human behavior and social
systems systems
 Central to SW: Principles of justice, human rights,  Social work intervenes (people interact with their
collective responsibility and respect for diversities environments)
 Underpinned by theories of social work, social  Fundamental to SW: Principles of human rights and
sciences, humanities, and indigenous knowledge social justice
 Social work engages people and structures
 Aim: address life challenges and enhance well-being
B. Implication of Social Work
Definitions to Social Welfare
Reporter:
Shane Patrick B. Madduma
Definition of Social Welfare:

According to Gertrude Wilson

 An organized concern of all people for all people.

According to Walter Friedlander

 The organized system of social services, and institutions, designed to aid individuals and
groups to attain satisfying standards of life and health.

According to Elizabeth Wickenden

 Social welfare includes those laws, programs, benefits, and services which assure or
strengthen provisions or meeting social needs recognized as basic to the well-being of the
population and to better functioning of the social order.
Implication of Social Work Definitions to
Social Welfare
 From the above definitions, it follows that social work consists of organized and systematic
efforts to secure the highest personal and social satisfaction for individuals, groups and
communities. Its auspices may be voluntary, governmental or combination of both. Social
work in its various forms addresses the multiple, complex transactions between people and
 their environments, and aims at enabling all people to develop their full
 potential, enrich their lives, and prevent dysfunction.
C. Stakeholders/sectors involved in
social welfare (public, private,
voluntary, mutual aid and informal)
Reporter:
Camille Tio
 Stakeholders
 A stakeholder is a person who has something to gain or lose through the
outcomes of a planning process or project.
 The term refers to persons, groups, or organizations that must somehow
be taken into account by leaders, managers, and frontline staff.
 Any group or individual who can affect or [be] affected by the
achievement of an organization's objectives’

WHO ARE THEY?

 •shareholders, management, employees, trade unions, customers,
suppliers, and communities.
D. What are the Needs and why is it
Problematic/Controversial?

Reporter:
Camille Tio
What is Need?

 A need or a problem becomes social work’s point of entry into the life of another person or
group of persons.

Need
– defined as a condition or situation in which something necessary or desirable is required or
wanted.

 When a person’s need has not been met or there are obstacles to its fulfillment so that the
person’s capability to function satisfactorily is threatened or impaired, it becomes a
problem.
Why needs are controversial

 As need are felt man desires the satisfaction of

these needs. Needs then serve as motivations to
action. As man meets the lower needs he focuses
his attention on the higher ones. There is a
continuous demand and striving to reach another
need until he becomes self-actualized.
Midterm Topics
E. Equality vs. Equity

Reporter:
Jessa Pascua
 The Concept of Equity and equality
 Are two strategies we can use in an effort to produce
fairness.

EQUITY (Fairness, Impartiality, Justice, Fair play)

 Is giving everyone what they need to be successful.
 Involves trying to understand and give people what
they need to enjoy full, healthy lives.
 Equity and equality
EQUALITY (Egalitarian, Equal opportunity, Equivalence,
Uniformity)
 Is treating everyone the same.
 Aim to ensure that everyone gets the same things in order to
enjoy full, healthy lives.
 Like equity, equality aims to promote fairness and justice, BUT
it can only work if everyone starts from the same place and
needs the same things.
F. From Needs-Based Approach to
Human Rights Approach
Reporter:
Ivan Narag
 Needs-Based Approach

 This approach was to base interventions on the

needs as expressed by the poor themselves.
 This approach came with a very important change:
the poor participated in the process of identifying
their real needs and deciding on the means to
alleviate those needs
 The shortcomings of Needs-Based
Approach include:
 It kept the image of poor people as (begging) beneficiaries
and donors as benevolent.
 It implied no obligations on political circles and other
influential stakeholders.
 Benevolent people met the needs of the poor only when
resources were available.
 Rights-Based Approach
 Rights-based approach to development is an approach
to development promoted by many development
agencies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs)
to achieve a positive transformation of power relations
among the various development actors.
 Principles of the Rights-Based
Approach
1. Universality
 ‘Human rights are inalienable in that they cannot be taken away from
someone or voluntarily given up

2. Non-Discrimination and Equality

 ‘Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this
Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex,
language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin,
property, birth or other status.’
 Human rights apply to everyone everywhere and under any circumstance.
3. Indivisibility
 ‘Rights are indivisible and should be taken in a holistic way.’
 No one right is more important than another.
 Using RBA for development, we might set priorities to fulfil rights, but it
does not mean that we let go of other rights.

4. Interdependence and Interrelatedness

 ‘All human rights are closely interrelated and interdependent and affect
one another.’ The right to education affects the right to work and the right
to good health, and vice versa. This principle helps us to link the root
causes of problems to the symptoms of the problem
5. Participation
 • ‘Participation is an essential right.’ This is stated in the first article of
the UN Declaration on the Right to Development. It means that everyone
is entitled to freely fully contribute to, participate in and enjoy political,
economic, social, and cultural development of their communities. The
right to participate needs to be protected and guaranteed by the state and
other entities.

6. The Rule of Law

 • Rights must be protected by both strong legislations as well as an
independent judicial system to ensure that the law is fair and is applied
to all people.
7. Accountability
 Central piece in the rights-based approach as a framework for
social justice advocacy.
 There is an obligation to give these rights to their right holders.
 All people have rights and are called right holders.
 The people or entities who are obliged to deliver and ensure these
rights are called duty-bearers.
G. Principles of Social Welfare: Social
Justice, Human Rights, Collective
Responsibility, and Respect for
Diversity
Reporter:
Joreb Gannaban
Heidy Quilang
Rachelle Ramos
 SOCIAL JUSTICE
 Social justice encompasses three essential elements- equal rights, equal
opportunity, and equal treatment.
 Intersects with social welfare in its concern for the extent to which
persons have equitable access to resources for human development,
both within a society and globally.
 Strive to ensure access to needed information, services, and resources;
equality of opportunity; and meaningful participation in decision-
making for all people.
 HUMAN RIGHTS
 The term "Human Rights" refers to those rights that are considered universal to humanity, regardless of
citizenship, residency status, ethnicity, gender, or other considerations.
 Often expressed and guaranteed by law, in the forms of treaties, customary internal law, and general principles.
 Following human rights as a common standards and guides:
• Life
• Freedom and Liberty
• Equality and Non-Discrimination
• Justice
• Solidarity
• Social Responsibility
• Peace and Non-Violence
• The Environment
 RESPECT FOR DIVERSITY
 To ensure that people are treated as equals, that people get the dignity and
respect they deserve, that their differences are respected, and to understand
and improve their ability to meet the needs of people from different cultures
and backgrounds.

Don't stereotype
 Every individual, no matter their background, race, religion, sexual
orientation, or any other factor, thinks differently.
 It is about understanding how larger societal issues and the deeper historical
context can directly influence their clients’ lives.
 COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY

 Is about the moral responsibilities of groups and their members for

the good or bad consequences of group behavior, the nature of these
responsibilities, and how they should be assigned.
 Also includes the responsibility of individuals to form groups capable
of meeting needs and alleviating harm – a concern that has become
particularly important in an increasingly interdependent world.
H. Other Relevant Concepts: Social
Policy, Programs & Services, and
Social Welfare/ Development Agencies.
Reporter:
Joreb Gannaban
Heidy Quilang
Rachelle Ramos
 POLICY
 A rule for action, manifesting or clarifying specific organizational goals,
objectives, values, or ideals and often prescribing the obligatory or most
desirable ways and means for accomplishing these;
 Established for framing, guiding, and directing organizational activities
including decision-making, intends to provide relative stability,
consistency, uniformity, and continuity in the operation of the organization.
 SOCIAL POLICY
 These are rules and guidelines created by governments or organizations to help people who are
facing challenges like poverty, unemployment, or health issues. These policies outline how a
society plans to support its citizens in need. It aims to influence how society is structured and
influences the rights, freedoms, and responsibilities of citizens.
 The primary implementation areas of social policy are:
• Housing
• Employment
• Migration
• social security
• Health
• education
 SOCIAL SERVICES

 Refers to the programs, services and other activities

provided under various auspices, to concretely answer the
needs and problems of the members of the society.
 May take the form of services to individuals and families,
services to groups, services to people with special problem
as well as community services.
 SERVICES
 These are the actual services and assistance provided to
people through social welfare programs. These services can
include healthcare, education, housing, counseling, and
financial aid. They aim to improve the well-being of those
facing difficulties.
 PROGRAMS
 These are specific actions and initiatives put in place to carry out
social welfare policies. They are designed to directly assist
individuals and families in need. Examples include food assistance
programs, unemployment benefits, and housing support.
 Social Welfare Policy, Program and Services

 The keywords for this curriculum area are social welfare, needs,
problems, and provision. The objective is to help the students
acquire knowledge of the general policies, conditions, legislation,
institutions, programs, and a broad range of services relevant to
social welfare in present-day society.
Here are the
Examples of Social
Welfare Policy,
Program and
Services
 DEPARTMENT SOCIAL WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT

 The national agency for social welfare and

development.
 Is the primary government agency mandated to
develop, implement, and coordinate social protection
and poverty-reduction solutions for and with the
poor, , and disadvantaged.
 1. DSWD e-Services
 The e-Services of the Department of Social Welfare and Development
(DSWD) is an electronic platform that aims to speed up issuance of key
frontline services of the agency by converting into online transactions
the applications, processing, and approval of: (1) Travel Clearance
Certificate for Minors Traveling Abroad; (2) Registration and Licensing
of Social Welfare and Development Agencies (SWDAs), and; (3)
Accreditation of Social Welfare and Development Programs and
Services.
 2. LISTAHANAN
 The Listahanan or the National Household Targeting System for
Poverty Reduction (NHTS-PR) is an information management
system that identifies who and where the poor are in the country.
The system makes available to national government agencies and
other social protection stakeholders a database of poor families as a
reference in identifying potential beneficiaries of social protection
programs.
 3. PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM (4P's)

 The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) is a human

development measure of the national provides conditional cash
grants to the poorest of the poor, to improve the health, nutrition,
and education of children aged 0-18. It is patterned after the
conditional cash transfer (CCT) schemes in Latin American and
African countries, which have lifted millions of people worldwide
from poverty.
4. SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD
PROGRAM
 The DSWD livelihood assistance program was launched as part of the
government’s office to ensure that no Filipino family goes hungry or
becomes homeless because of poverty. It aims to help them attain self-
reliance by providing them with training and livelihood projects to
improve their income.
 5. ADAPTION AND FOSTER CARE

 DSWD Adoption and Foster Care provides temporary care to

children who are not able to live with their families due to various
reasons. The program seeks to provide a family environment for
the child where he or she can be given love and care and
eventually be reunited with his or her family. Currently, the
DSWD is looking for families who are willing to open their homes
and hearts to these children.
References:

Thelma Lee Mendoza (2022) - Social Welfare and Social Work - Orange Book - Fourth 4th
Edition
• Social Welfare Policy, Program and Services Page 177
•Definition of Social Welfare Page 1
•Social Services Page 5
https://sg.docworkspace.com/d/sIAmy19-yAZSYsKkG

https://owwamember.com/dswd-foster-care/
https://owwamember.com/dswd-eservices/
https://dswdprogram.com/listahanan/
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/programs/conditional-cash-transfer/
Different Social Welfare
Perspectives
(Week 2-4)
A. Neoliberal Social Welfare

Reporter:
Catherin Sibbaluca
Leizel Sunio
 Liberalism

 The philosophy that supports government involvement

in the social, political, and economic structure so that
all people’s rights and privileges are protected in the
name of social justice.
 Liberalism
 It is the society’s responsibility to care for and support
its members.
 Failure to succeed generally is due to complex, unfair
stresses and problems in the environment.
 It is the government’s responsibility to support its
citizens and help them cope with the stresses and
problems in the environment
 Neoliberalism
 In theory, is essentially about making trade between nations
easier
 It is about the free movement of goods, resources, and
enterprise in a bid to always find cheaper resources to
maximize profits and efficiency.
 To help accomplish this, neoliberalism requires the removal of
various controls deemed as barriers to free trade such as tariffs,
regulations certain standards, laws, legislation and regulatory
measures, and restrictions on capital flows and investment.
 Key Concepts of Neoliberalism

1. Privatization
 As it aims to reduce the government’s role in the
economy, promote market competition, and improve
efficiency in the delivery of goods and services. It’s
often done with the belief that private ownership can
lead to better economic outcomes and innovation.
 Key Concepts of Neoliberalism

2. The Rule of the Market

 Refers to the central idea that free and
competitive markets should play a dominant role
in shaping economic and social policies.
 Key Concepts of Neoliberalism

3. Reducing Public Expenditures

 Reducing for social services such as health and
education by the government.
 Neoliberal governments may seek to reduce
public spending on social welfare programs,
arguing that this will lead to greater efficiency
and economic growth.
 Key Concepts of Neoliberalism

4. Deregulation
 To allow market forces to act regulating
mechanisms.
 Neoliberal policies tend to reduce regulations in
labor markets and industries, aiming to create a
more competitive environment. Critics argue this
can sometimes lead to labor exploitation and
reduced worker protections.
 References:

Social work theories and methods by Mel Gray and

Stephen Webb (2008) PUBLISHED BY Sage
publication Ltd ,1st edition (DECEMBER 4, 2008)
University of Newcastle, Australia (PAGE 110-116)
B. Residual

Reporter:
Mary Hazel R. Manuel
Residual and Institutional Social Welfare

 The Residual Welfare and the Institutional welfare

are two different approaches to define social
welfare and approaches to define social welfare
and addressing social welfare issues such as
poverty, hunger, health problems
Residual Social Welfare

 It refers to the welfare that is provided by the government

to help the needy and the poor only when poor people are
unable to help themselves through the
market(unemployment or low income) or unable to get
help from family, friends or their relatives.
Residual Social Welfare

 It is on stop-gap basis
 Temporary/Short Term Services
 The services are means-tested
 It is Curative
 Stigma attached
Examples:

 Victims of natural and man-made disasters

 Poor people in hospitals, in need of financial
assistance for medical treatment
C. Institutional

Reporter:
Mary Hazel R. Manuel
Institutional Social Welfare

 Proactive.
 It addresses’ needs and problems that may
arise before the need is seen/developed.
Institutional Social Welfare

 Welfare is not just for the poor. It is for

everyone.
 Universal
 Considered as a first-line defense
 It is preventive
 No stigma attached
Examples:

 Social Security
 Tax exemptions for the number of
children in a household
 Residual and Institutional Social
Welfare
Residual Institutional

Nature Need-Based Citizen Right

Basic of Provision Selective Universal Entitlement

Social Stigma May carry stigma No stigma

Duration Temporary/Short Term Permanent/Long Term

References:

 An Introduction to the Profession of Social

work
 Elizabeth A. Segal
 Karen E. Gerdes
 Sue Steiner
D. Developmental Social Welfare

Reporter:
Ma Princess Maramag
Jovy Nanay
 Developmental Social Welfare

 Social welfare refers to “those laws, programs,

benefits, and services which assure or strengthen
provisions for meeting social needs recognized as
basis to the well-being of the population and the
better functioning of the social order. When social
welfare is specially addressed to social development
concerns, it is developmental social welfare.
 Developmental Social Welfare

 Development regards a certain resource (e.g., land,

man) as being endowed with a certain potential
which society must discover and maximize. The
dictionary, in fact, defines “development” as causing
something to unfold, to grow, to change for the
better, to be realized.
 These are essentially two levels of
developmental social welfare tasks.

1. THE MACRO LEVEL

 Involves the formulation of laws, policies, programs, and benefits that will
promote and ensure social justice.
 Examples: An example of implementing social justice through policies is the
Anti-Discrimination Act. The purpose of said law is to protect individuals
from any kind of discrimination, such as discrimination in employment,
education, or national service. By passing this law, the violation of the rights
of individuals is avoided and equal opportunities are created for all.
 These are essentially two levels of
developmental social welfare tasks.
2. THE MICRO LEVEL
 Which involves the following activities:
a. Re-orientation of existing social welfare services;
b. The establishment of social welfare services that are responsive
to the changing needs in society; and
c. An identification of the social welfare aspects of social
development programs in which social workers are or will be
involved.
 A. Re-orientation of existing social welfare services;

 The traditional form of social welfare services

continues to give way to changes that prove more
consistent with the thrust of developmental social
welfare.
 A. Re-orientation of existing social welfare services;

 Developmental social welfare also means the

institutionalization of certain basic services in place
of the Ad HOC response to meeting certain kinds of
human needs and, related to this, the improvement of
people’s living conditions through their self-reliance,
instead of the usual provision of material resources.
 A. Re-orientation of existing social welfare services;

Examples:
 Community Development Programs
 Skills Development and Vocational Training
 Microfinance and Self-Help Groups
 Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security Programs
 Community-Based Healthcare Programs
 B. The establishment of social welfare services that are responsive
to the changing needs in society.

 Developmental social welfare means that more

services that respond to the changing needs of
people in a developing society will have to be
established. Among these are the following:
 B. The establishment of social welfare services that are
responsive to the changing needs in society.

A. Programs and services that help people earn a living and provide similar opportunities to others, such as income-
generating, skills training, sheltered workshops, and a system of credit and soft loans.
1. Income-generating projects:
 These are initiatives that aim to create sustainable sources of income for individuals or communities.
 Examples: include small-scale agriculture, livestock farming, handicraft production, and microenterprises that provide
employment and income opportunities.
2. Skills training:
 These programs focus on equipping individuals with the necessary skills and knowledge to enhance their employability
and income-earning potential.
 Examples: include vocational training, technical skills development, entrepreneurship training, and job readiness programs.
 B. The establishment of social welfare services that are
responsive to the changing needs in society.

A. Programs and services that help people earn a living and provide similar opportunities to others, such
as income-generating, skills training, sheltered workshops, and a system of credit and soft loans.
3. Sheltered workshops:
 These are workplaces specifically designed to provide employment and income opportunities for individuals
with disabilities or other barriers to traditional employment. Sheltered workshops offer supportive
environments, job training, and adapted work tasks to help individuals maximize their potential.
4. System of credit and soft loans:
 These financial mechanisms provide individuals with access to capital for income-generating activities or
entrepreneurial ventures. Soft loans refer to loans with favorable repayment terms, lower interest rates, and
flexible collateral requirements.
 B. The establishment of social welfare services that are
responsive to the changing needs in society.

B. Programs and services that support increased productivity on the part of individuals, groups, and
communities
These programs and services are designed to support increased productivity on the part of individuals, groups,
and communities for several reasons:
1. Skills training for the underemployed:
 By providing training and education to the underemployed, they can acquire new skills that make them more
marketable and increase their chances of finding higher-paying and more stable employment.
2. Responsible parenthood and family planning programs:
 These programs aim to educate youth and adults about family planning methods, reproductive health, and
responsible parenting.
3. Industrial counseling:
 Industrial counseling helps employees and workers to enhance their productivity and overall well-being in
the workplace.
 B. The establishment of social welfare services that are
responsive to the changing needs in society.

B. Programs and services that support increased productivity on the part of individuals, groups, and
communities
4. Nutrition programs:
 Proper nutrition is vital for maintaining good health and well-being. Nutrition programs can provide
individuals, especially those in vulnerable populations, with access to nutritious food options and education
on healthy eating habits.
5. Appropriate technology transfer:
 This refers to the transfer of technology and knowledge to communities and individuals who can benefit
from it. By providing access to appropriate technology, individuals and communities can improve their
productivity and efficiency.
6. Organization of cooperatives:
 Cooperatives are voluntary associations formed by individuals with similar needs and goals.
 C. An identification of the social welfare aspects of
social development programs in which social workers
are or will be involved.

 Various social development programs have social welfare

aspects that have to be identified or delineated. Among these
are housing relocation/resettlement, institution building (eg.
Barangays/citizens assemblies and cooperatives) rural and
urban community development land reform, and manpower
development.
 Implications of Developmental Social Welfare to Social
Work
With the preceding developmental social welfare tasks as a framework, we
believe the following are the important tasks of social work:
1. Setting Priorities
2. Systematic Problem Solving and Choosing Appropriate Helping Interventions.
3. Mobilizing People
4. Identifying Leaders
5. Facilitating Access and Linkage
6. Participating in Social Welfare Planning
7. Evaluating and Measuring Impacts
8. Examining/Assessing Social Work Practice and Education
 Implications of Developmental Social Welfare to Social
Work
1. SETTING PRIORITIES
 Social work has to give priority attention to activities that will bring about economic productivity and
independence. This will involve the allocation of resources based on consideration of returns, e.g., clients
will become self-supporting. Part of the task of setting priorities is for social work to emphasize the
developmental needs of the larger masses of the population to enhance their capabilities to contribute to
national development. This means that social workers will have to continue giving priority to their
preventive and developmental functions and engage in more community-based programs that will improve
the living conditions of people.
 For example, In view of the priority in economic productivity, social work can provide programs and training
aimed at providing skills to the poor sectors of society so that they can work and have their own sources of
income. This may include income-generating projects, training programs in practical skills such as farming
or business driving, and small business programs that provide support to strengthen the businesses of the
poor.
 Implications of Developmental Social Welfare to Social
Work
2. SYSTEMATIC PROBLEM-SOLVING AND CHOOSING APPROPRIATE HELPING INTERVENTIONS
 Social workers will have to apply more consciously the systematic problem-solving process more, underscoring
the use of helping methods and interventions that are appropriate to their developmental function.
 Of the interventive models discussed in this book, the following are particularly relevant: Intercession-mediation,
Mobilizing the Resources of Client Systems to Change their Social Reality, Documentation, and Advocacy.
Helping methods and interventions should change along with changing human needs and situations and the
profession, therefore, has to continuously examine its interventive repertoire. intervention is Changing the social
structure as a major form of gaining many adherents and will be discussed separately later.
 For example, intervention by changing the social structure is one of the main ways of achieving many supporters
and this will be emphasized and discussed separately later. By changing the social structure, it aims to change
existing power relations, policies, and social institutions to give voice and order to those at the margins of society.
This can be accomplished by raising awareness among communities, organizing citizen movements, identifying
and responding to legislative needs, and other measures to promote equality and social justice.
 Implications of Developmental Social Welfare to Social
Work
3. MOBILIZING PEOPLE
 One very important task of social workers is that of stimulating, motivating, and assisting people to become
active partners in planned change, focusing on the full participation of people in any effort/decision that will
affect their lives.
 For example, the social worker can organize awareness campaigns or community meetings to explain issues
and change plans. It aims to encourage people to be active in giving their thoughts, ideas, and experiences to
be part of the change process. For example, focus group discussions, community consultations, or trainings
can be held to encourage people to share their experiences and allow them to contribute their ideas and
solutions.
 Implications of Developmental Social Welfare to Social
Work
4. IDENTIFYING LEADERS
 Social workers should exert effort to identify and develop local/indigenous community leaders and provide
them with training opportunities so that they can acquire the knowledge and skills needed to be able to assist
their respective communities to become self-reliant.
 For Example, social workers can organize leadership training programs or developmental sessions to identify
and strengthen leaders in communities. By providing adequate knowledge and skills, they will have the
ability to serve as managers and promoters of development in their communities.
 Implications of Developmental Social Welfare to Social
Work
5. FACILITATING ACCESS AND LINKAGE
 Social workers should help people/communities gain access to available opportunities and resources and
whenever necessary, help set up the necessary mechanisms so that people/communities are linked to
available resources. They should also exert effort to bring about better cooperation and coordination among
agencies. This task also involves identifying and finding solutions to organizational problems for more
effective service delivery to the people for whom they are intended.
 For example, social workers can help people/communities find barangay or local programs and services that
can help their needs. They can provide information and advice on how to apply for government programs
such as conditional cash transfers or livelihood programs. They may also help people/communities access
health services such as free medical missions or educational services such as scholarship programs.
 Implications of Developmental Social Welfare to Social
Work
6. PARTICIPATING IN SOCIAL WELFARE PLANNING
 Social workers should actively seek opportunities to participate in social welfare planning on local, regional,
and national levels. A major contribution lies in helping towards the development of an overall (local)
community welfare program which will serve as the framework for all social welfare activities in a particular
community. The typical picture is that of an aggregate of agencies with their various programs or projects,
many of which duplicate each other. The result is that there is sometimes an "overkill" in relation to the
response to certain needs and problems while some equally important needs and problems are ignored or
neglected. Social work advocacy may help bring about a development-oriented community welfare program
that is both efficient and effective.
 For example, social workers can participate in the formation of local consultations or meetings to discuss
community needs and issues. They can publish reviews and studies that show the registrations of programs
and projects, and their impact on citizens. They can also promote measures to unite agencies and
organizations in promoting long-term solutions and cooperation.
 Implications of Developmental Social Welfare to Social
Work
7. EVALUATING AND MEASURING IMPACTS
 Social workers have to be more involved in the systematic evaluation of existing programs and services to
find out the extent to which these programs and services are still meeting the needs and problems of people,
and also the extent to which they are relevant to developmental goals. When particular programs do not meet
these criteria, social workers should help bring about their modification or change and then initiate and
develop new programs and services that will improve human conditions.
 For example, Social Workers may conduct surveys, focus group discussions, or evaluations to determine the
impact and relevance of existing programs and services. This may include evaluating the objectives,
beneficiaries, the quality of services, and the capacity of the program to reach the target population. Through
this analysis, they will have data and information that will be used to iterate programs or develop new
programs that will more accurately respond to people's needs and problems.
 Implications of Developmental Social Welfare to Social
Work
8. EXAMINING/ASSESSING SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE AND EDUCATION
 Social workers have to examine critically the state of social work practice in the country today specifically
about the national development goal. Corollary to this, there is a need to critically examine the state of social
work education, both formal and informal, concerning whether or not the curriculum is adequately preparing
future social workers for social work practice that contributes to national development.
 For example, social workers can enjoy existing social work practices in communities. They may consider
methods and techniques used by social workers in addressing the needs and issues of people and
communities. It also includes the review of policies, policies, and programs related to social work to
determine if they are being implemented and serving the development goal well.
 References:

 MENDOZA T.L (2008). SOCIAL WELFARE AND SOCIAL WORK 4TH ED. PUBLISHED BY
CENTRAL BOOK SUPPLY, INC. 927 QUEZON AVENUE, QUEZON CITY. PHILIPPINES. (PAGE 671-
680)