CHAPTER 3 Real Choice

Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the procedure and methods in constructing the project
development study. These include the researchers design, design stage of the project,
project development process, tools and equipment, supplies and materials, quality control
process, financial component, and time allotment for the study.
Project Design
The general objective of the study is to develop a Solar-powered PALS vending
machine which contains 4 variety of product Perfume, Alcohol, Lotion, and Sanitizer
with certain amount of money. In constructing the methodology, the researchers gathered
ideas, principles, theories and concepts from different references. Furthermore, It is
compared to other related study in order to determine the differences, similarities, and the
limitation of the study, preliminary set up of draft and working design requirements and
the procedures for the construction of solar powered PALS vending machine is also taken
into consideration. The researchers consulted practitioners who have knowledge in
designing the desire output including its electronic and systematic diagram. Evaluation of
the components as well as the possible methods and procedures and the construction of
the project were integral parts of this stage.
Figure 32. Block diagram of solar-powered PALS vending machine
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In this figure, the coin is to be inserted in the coin slot and validated by the sensor.
After inserting coin, one can now choose among perfume, alcohol, lotion or sanitizer. The
LCD monitor will display the product you chose. Consequently, the machine is now
ready for dispensing the product. Upon pressing the button, the motor will rotate and
dispense the product.
This Illustrates the Front View of the Prototype.
Figure 33. Front view
This illustrates the side view of the prototype.
Figure 34. Side view
This illustrates the top view of the prototype.
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Figure 35. Top view
Figure 36. Circuit Diagram
Figure 38 shows the circuit diagram of Solar-powered PALS vending machine
The system indicates the power source of the machine. The prototype is designed
with solar panel as the main source of electricity and rechargeable battery in case of
emergency. The solar cell receives sunlight and converts it into electrical energy. The
electricity generated will be stored into a battery. Charges from the battery will be fed
into the charger controller to ensure the correctness of charge will use in the operating
system.
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On the hand, the machine will be supplied with 220V AC supply which will be
used in case of absence of sunlight for long period of time. The switching device is used
to transfer the source of electricity (220V AC), that is converted into 12V, to the battery.
Project Development Process
This refers to the process that will be used to develop the propose project. It
includes the procedures used to achieve the desired output. Every decision and action is
strictly monitored and observed to assure the correctness of all approved plans.
To build a good prototype, proper purchasing and canvassing must be considered.
Selection of materials is processed through analyzing different standards and a
specification of the machine parts. Measuring the dimensions or sizes of each part of
machine will be the crucial step in designing the machine because it will be the
determinant on the size of the whole machine. We ought to build a machine with
practicable size as possible.
The fabrication of the main body of the prototype will be fabricated by a certified
welder to ensure that there would be no leakage to occur in the process. Removing
unnecessary welding will be done by grinding process to ensure that the project is
presentable and safe for the users.
The researchers intentionally simplified the form of circuit diagram of the
machine. In the construction of the circuit, the first step to do is to install all parts of the
project into its platform follow by the measurement of the electrical and instrument wire
from designated place where it is being installed. And lastly, the good mechanism is
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soldering, splicing and stalling the wires into the project was also consider. This process
serves as the circuit relay-out for the control of the motor.
This project is consisted of the two systems namely: operational system, and
power generating and storing system.
Hardware Development
1. Prepare all the materials for the prototype
 Coin slot
 Battery 12v 14Ah
 Linear Actuator
 8051 Microcontroller Board
 Relay Switch
 Stranded wire
 Voltage regulator
 Servo (Motor)
 Push button
 Basic tools (screwdriver, Cutter, soldering Materials, etc.)
2. Solder the pin of the component
Table 1
Pin Connection of Components to the 8051 Microcontroller
Components Pin 8051 Microcontroller

Vcc
Relay Output Pin 3.0 Pin
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Table 1(cont’d)
Ground
Vcc
Relay Output pin 3.1 Pin
Ground
Vcc
Ground
Vcc
Ground
Vcc
Ground
Vcc
Ground
Vcc
Ground
Select Ground 2.5 Pin
Push Button Output Pin Ground
Spray Ground 2.1 Pin
Button Output pin Ground
Pin 2.4 Pin
Coin Slot Output pin Ground
Ground
3. Use the Power Supply to generate power to 8051 microcontroller to control the system.
4. The microcontroller read the system according to connection of the cables and wires.
5. The microcontroller send the designated program to LED monitor.
6. After inserting the coin, the coin slot/Validator read send the system to Relay which is
one who command to microcontroller what type of product are using.
7. Then push the Select button which is connected to 8051 Microcontroller to dispense
the product.
8. After that, push the spray button to dispense the desire product.
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Operational procedures
1. Power on the device, wait few seconds for the machine initialize program.
2. Insert coin and push the select button, pick your desire product.
3. Place your hands or any part of your body in the nozzle and push the spray button
or dispense button. The machine will dispense according to amount inserted,
equivalent to your coin inserted.
Testing Procedures
The following tests were conducted to make sure the project performs according to
specified requirements: Accuracy, and Functionality Test.
Accuracy
4. For the accuracy of the vending machine, the researchers try and try inserting
coins to evaluate the coin validator and re-fix and problem due to amount of
products that will dispense thru program and try again until it fix, and to assure
that the machine will not damage the program Record the result.
Functionality Test
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4. And if ever that power goes down the machine have a solar panel so the machine
can dispense without source of electricity in your outlet. Record the result.
Evaluation Procedure
The evaluation of the developed prototype involved Project Demonstration and
Final Evaluation.
Project Demonstration
The prototype or vending machine demonstrate how to be passionate in our own
all thru using hygiene kit by developing vending machine to dispense it by small amount
of money.
Final Evaluation
The final evaluation of the prototype will be evaluated by the Electrical and
Electronics specialist of Batangas State University, Rosario Campus. The criteria of the
evaluation are Accuracy, Functionality. Each of the criterions is provided scale of 1-5, 5 is
the highest and 1 is the lowest, and the score will be tallied and computed using mean
formula.
The result will be interpreted like this table.
Table 2
Numerical Scale Equivalent Meaning

4.51-5.00 Excellent
3.51-4.50 Very Good
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2.51-3.50 Good
1.51-2.50 Fair
1.00-1.50 Poor
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Chapter 3

process, financial component, and time allotment for the study.

The general objective of the study is to develop a Solar-powered PALS vending

ideas, principles, theories and concepts from different references. Furthermore, It is

into consideration. The researchers consulted practitioners who have knowledge in

the project were integral parts of this stage.

Figure 32. Block diagram of solar-powered PALS vending machine

dispense the product.

This Illustrates the Front View of the Prototype.

Figure 33. Front view

This illustrates the side view of the prototype.

Figure 34. Side view

This illustrates the top view of the prototype.

Figure 35. Top view

Figure 36. Circuit Diagram

Figure 38 shows the circuit diagram of Solar-powered PALS vending machine

Project Development Process

To build a good prototype, proper purchasing and canvassing must be considered.

Selection of materials is processed through analyzing different standards and a

practicable size as possible.

presentable and safe for the users.

The researchers intentionally simplified the form of circuit diagram of the

serves as the circuit relay-out for the control of the motor.

power generating and storing system.

1. Prepare all the materials for the prototype

 Battery 12v 14Ah

 8051 Microcontroller Board

 Basic tools (screwdriver, Cutter, soldering Materials, etc.)

2. Solder the pin of the component

Pin Connection of Components to the 8051 Microcontroller

Components Pin 8051 Microcontroller

5. The microcontroller send the designated program to LED monitor.

one who command to microcontroller what type of product are using.

or dispense button. The machine will dispense according to amount inserted,

equivalent to your coin inserted.

specified requirements: Accuracy, and Functionality Test.

or dispense button. The machine will dispense according to amount inserted,

equivalent to your coin inserted.

or dispense button. The machine will dispense according to amount inserted,

equivalent to your coin inserted.

The evaluation of the developed prototype involved Project Demonstration and

The prototype or vending machine demonstrate how to be passionate in our own

The result will be interpreted like this table.

Numerical Scale Equivalent Meaning

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