MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila

CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City

Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-6697 (Cebu)

Review MODULE – HYDRAULICS 2

17.01 HYDROSTATIC FORCES ON CURVED SURFACES
1. A cylindrical tank with its axis vertical is 1meter in diameter and
3.6m high. It is held together by two steel hoops, one at the top
and the other at the bottom. Three liquids A, B, and C having
specific gravities of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, respectively fill this tank, each
having a depth of 1.2m. On the surface of A there is
atmospheric pressure. Find the tensile stress in each hoop if
each has a cross-sectional area of 1250mm^2.
3. A concrete dam retaining water is shown in the figure. If the specific
weight of concrete is 23.5 kN/m³. Assume hydrostatic uplift varies
uniformly from full hydrostatic pressure at the heel of the dam to zero at
the toe and that the coefficient of friction between the dam and the
foundation is 0.45.
a. Find the factor of safety against sliding.
b. The factor of safety against overturning.
c. The pressure intensity at the heel.
d. The pressure intensity at the toe.

2. The submerged curve AB is one quarter of a circle of radius 2m

and is located on the lower corner of a tank as shown. The
length of the tank perpendicular to the sketch is 4m. Find the
magnitude and location of the horizontal and vertical
components of the total force acting on AB.

17.03 BUOYANCY
In science, buoyancy (also known as upthrust) is an upward force
exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object.

ARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLE
Archimedes' principle indicates that the upward buoyant force that is
exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, whether fully or partially
submerged, is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces.

4. A cube of timber 1.25 ft on each side floats in water, not fully

submerged. The specific gravity of the timber is 0.60. Find the
submerged depth of the cube.
17.02 ANALYSIS OF DAM STABILITY
5. When a 6 lb weight is placed on the end of a floating 5in x 5 in x 10 ft
-Factor of Safety against sliding, FSS wooden beam, the beam tilts at 1.6o with the weight at the surface. What
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑠 (𝐹𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑒𝑡𝑐. ) is the specific weight of the wood?
𝐹𝑆𝑆 =
𝑆𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑠
-Factor of Safety against overturning, FSO
𝑅𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡, 𝑅𝑀
𝐹𝑆𝑂 =
𝑂𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡, 𝑂𝑀
-Distance from Ry to the Toe
RM − OM
𝑥=
Ry
-Maximum and Minimum Base Pressure, qmax/min
𝐵 𝐵 6. A wooden rod weighing 4 lb is hinged at one end. The rod is 9 ft long
𝑒=
2
− 𝑥 = |𝑥 − |
2 and uniform in cross-section, and the support is 4 ft below the free
•When e≤ B/6, (Trapezoidal to Triangular shape of base pressure) surface of a freshwater pond. At what angle α will it come to rest when
𝑅𝑦 6𝑒 allowed to drop from a vertical position? The cross-section of the stick is
𝒒𝒎𝒂𝒙/𝒎𝒊𝒏 = − [1 ± ] 1.4 in2 in area.
𝐵 B
•When e>B/6, (tension part ignored)
2R y
𝒒𝑇 =
3𝑥̅
 MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila
CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City
Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-6697 (Cebu)

17.04 STABILITY OF FLOATING BODIES

𝐼
𝑀𝐵𝑜 =
𝑉𝐷𝐹 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

𝐵2 tan2 𝜃
𝑀𝐵𝑜 = (1 + )
12𝐷 2
Where:
M = Metacenter
G = Center of Gravity
Bo = Center of Buoyancy
VDF = Volume of Displaced Fluid
MBo = Distance from the Metacenter to the Center of Buoyancy
MG = Metacentric Height
D = Depth of draft
B = Length of base (rectangular)
Θ = Angle of tilt

7. SITUATION. A rectangular barge has a draft of 6 m when fully loaded

and floating in an upright position. The barge is 25 m wide and 42 m long
with a height of 10 m. The center of gravity of the barge is 1 m above the
water surface if the barge is stable.

a. Determine the distance of the metacenter above the center of

buoyancy.
b. Determine the metacentric height.
c. What is the righting moment in water when the angle of heel is
12°?
8. A solid wood cylinder has a diameter of 2 ft and a height of 4 ft. The
specific gravity of the wood is 0.60. If the cylinder is placed vertically in
oil (S.G. = 0.85), would it be stable?