Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ans: Microwave is a direct line of sight radio transmission. For long distance,
communication microwave radio transmission is widely used as an alternative to
coaxial cable. It is used in the telephone system. Television transmission also utilized
microwave transmission, because microwave transmission is above the 1 GHz
frequency band and provides the capacity for video transmission.
Advantages:
(a) A very short cable length is used as it is a single common data path connecting all
nodes.
(b) If one of the nodes is failed then other nodes work.
(c) Additional nodes can be connected to an existing bus network at any point along
its length.
Disadvantages:
(a) Fault diagnosis is difficult.
(b) If the fault is in the network itself, an entire segment of the bus must be
disconnected.
(c) Repeater configuration.
(d) Nodes must be intelligent.
Q43. Define Ring topology? What are its advantages and disadvantages?
Ans: The ring topology is also called loop as each node is connected to two and only two
neighboring nodes. Data is accepted from one of the neighboring nodes and is
transmitted onwards to another. Thus, data travels in one direction only, from node to
node around the ring. After passing through each node, it returns to the sending node,
which removes it.
Advantages:
(a) Short cable length is needed.
(b) No wiring closet space required.
(c) Suitable for optical fibres.
Disadvantages:
(a) Node failure causes network failure .
(b) Difficult to diagnose faults.
(c) Network re-configuration is difficult.
Q44. Define Tree topology? What are its advantages and disadvantages ?
Ans: The shape of the network of tree topology is that of an inverted tree with the central
root branching and sub branching to the intermediates of the network.
Advantages:
(i) Easy to extend because it is easier to add new nodes or branches to it .
(ii) It is easier to isolate a defective node.
(iii) Easy to access.
Disadvantages:
(i) If the headed device fails to operate, the entire network is rendered inoperable.
(ii) Long cable length.
(iii) Central node dependency.
Q45. Define Star-Ring topology ? What are its advantages and disadvantages ?
Ans: In star-Ring Topology, two topologies are combined to achieve the best of both star
and ring topology. The configuration consists of a number of concentration points
connected together in a ring .
Advantages:
(i) It is easy to find the fault in this network and also isolation of the faulty node is
very easy.
(ii) Easy for expansion .
Disadvantages:
(i) Intelligent concentration points required.
(ii) The inter-closet cabling in a star-ring is critical to its operation.
Q46. Differentiate between Internet and Intranet?
Ans: Internet is a network of networks consisting of thousands or lakhs of networks
throughout the world. It is a wide area network. It connects the small network to
prepare a big network.
Intranet is a network that is the part of Internet. It is a small network which is
consisted in internet.
Q47. Define Telnet .
Ans: Telnet is an older Internet utility that lets us log onto remote computer systems. It is
an internet facility that facilitates remote login. Remote login is the process of
accessing a network from a remote place without actually being at the actual place of
working. If we have permitted access, then we can work on that system.
Q48. Define 1 G Mobile System ?
Ans: The 1G Mobile System was introduced in late 1970s and early 1980s.The 1G mobile
system was based on the analog cellular technology. They only had voice facility
available and were based on circuit-switched technology. In 1G mobile systems voice
was modulated to a frequency of about 150MHz and higher. They used radio towers
for transmission. The major drawbacks of the 1G system were its low capacity, poor
voice links and no security.
Q49. Define 2 G Mobile System ?
Ans: The 2G mobile system was introduced in early 1990s. They used digital signals for
transmissions of voice. 2G enabled the mobile systems to provide paging, SMS,
voicemail and fax services. Both voice and data conversations were digitally
encrypted. The 2G system was based on GSM technology. GSM standard was defined
by ETSI in 1989. GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communication. GSM
technology is a combination of FDMA and TDMA. With GSM, all subscriber and
wireless provider information is stored on interchangeable modules known as SIM
(Subscriber Identification Module) cards.
Q50. Define 3 G Mobile System ?
Ans: The 3G technology adds multimedia facilities to 2G phones by allowing video, audio,
and graphics applications. With the advent of 3G technology watching streaming
video or video telephony became a reality. The idea behind 3G is to have a single
network standard instead of the different types adopted in the US, Europe, and Asia.
3G mobile systems are also known as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
(UMTS) or IMT-2000.
Q51. Define 4 G Mobile System ?
Ans: 4G networks will be based on packet switching only. It will be able to support faster
transmission. They are projected to provide speeds up to 100 Mbps while moving and
1Gbps while stationary. It is a wireless access technology. 4G can provide better-than-
TV quality images and video-links.
Q52. What is WWW?
Ans: WWW refers to World Wide Web. It is a set of protocols that allows us to access any
document on the Net through URLs. It specifies a way, the HTTP, that allows
multimedia and hypertext documents to be opened in web browsers.
Q53. What is a Web server?
Ans: A web server is a WWW server that responds to requests made by web browsers.
Q54. What is a protocol ?
Ans: Protocol is the set of rules helps for exchanging information from one computer to
another over a network.
Q55. What is URL ? What are the different types of URL ?
Ans: URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. It stores the address of a web page on
WWW. It gives the exact location of a web page in the server. There are two types of
URLs – Absolute URL and Relative URL.
Q56. Which two protocols are used in internet ?
Ans : TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and IP (Internet Protocol) .
Q57. What is Web hosting ?
Ans: Web hosting is the process of uploading/saving the web content on a web server to make it
available on WWW. In case a individual or a company wants to make its website available on
the internet, it should be hosted on a web server.
Q58. What is a web browser?
Ans: A web browser is a WWW client that navigates through the World Wide Web and
displays web pages. Types of Brower‟s are Google chrome, Mozila firebox etc.
Q59. Name some web browsers .
Ans: Google Chrome, Netscape Navigator, Internet explorer, Mozilla Firefox , Opera,
Safari, Microsoft Edge, SeaMonkey, Maxthon, NetSurf etc.