Multiple Choice Enzymes Plant and Animal Nutrition

1 Which graph shows the effect of temperature on the activity of an enzyme?
A B
enzyme enzyme
activity activity
0 5 100 0 5 100
temperature / °C temperature / °C
enzyme enzyme
activity activity
0 5 100 0 5 100
2 The diagram represents enzyme action.
+ +
W X Y
What are parts W, X and Y in this chemical reaction?
enzyme product substrate
A W Y
B X Y
C X W
D Y X
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
3 The diagram represents a chemical reaction.
reactants product
Which diagram represents the enzyme for this reaction?
A B C
4 The table shows the conditions in four test-tubes containing equal amounts of starch and salivary
amylase.
In which test-tube is the starch broken down fastest?
temperature
pH
/ °C
A 2 27
B 2 37
C 7 27
D 7 37
5 What is true of all enzymes?
they are most effective

they are sugars
at pH7
A
B
C
D
6 The diagram shows the effect of an enzyme working in the human digestive system.
enzyme at pH 1.5
and temperature 37 °C
protein amino acids
What would reduce the rate of production of amino acids?
A removing the amino acids as they are formed

B increasing the amount of protein
C raising the temperature to 40 °C

D raising the pH to 7.5
7 Which group of compounds ensures that metabolic reactions take place effectively?
A carbohydrates
B enzymes
C fatty acids
D hormones
8 The diagram shows an experiment on the digestion of the protein in egg albumen by protease.
The protease was taken from a human stomach.
In which test-tube will the protein be digested most quickly?
A B C D
water-bath
at 37 °C
egg albumen egg albumen egg albumen egg albumen

+ + + +
protease dilute dilute dilute
hydrochloric hydrochloric hydrochloric
acid acid acid
+ +
protease boiled protease
9 Which effect does a gradual decrease in pH from 13 to 1 have on the action of amylase?
A slows it down only

B slows it down then speeds it up
C speeds it up only
D speeds it up then slows it down
10 An enzyme in potato cells causes oxygen to be produced from hydrogen peroxide.
Cubes of potato were incubated with hydrogen peroxide at different temperatures.
The numbers of bubbles of oxygen released per minute were counted at each temperature.
The table shows the results.
The results suggest the optimum temperature for the enzyme is between which two values?
A 15 °C and 35 °C
B 35 °C and 45 °C
C 35 °C and 55 °C
D 45 °C and 55 °C
11 Which graph shows the effect of temperature between 20 °C and 35 °C on the activity of a human
digestive enzyme?
A B
rate of rate of
reaction reaction
20
0 20
0
C D
rate of rate of
reaction reaction
20
0 20
0
12 Lactase is a human enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of lactose in milk.
At which temperature does lactase work fastest?
A 0 °C B 18 °C C 37 °C D 100 °C
13 The graph shows the effect of pH on a particular enzyme-controlled reaction.
rate of
reaction
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
pH
When is the enzyme not active?
A at pH 1 and pH 13
B at pH 3 and pH 11
C at pH 5 and pH 9
D at pH 7
14 What happens to most enzymes above 60 °C?

A They are denatured.
B They are destroyed by white blood cells.
C They are digested.
D They are made more active.
15 An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of pH on enzyme action. The graph shows
the results.
y-axis
x-axis
What are the labels for the x-axis and the y-axis?
16 The enzyme catalase, found in potato, speeds up the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide. The
reaction releases a froth of oxygen bubbles.
The diagram shows an experiment to find the effect of changes in pH on the rate of this reaction.
froth of oxygen bubbles
piece of potato
dilute hydrogen peroxide solution
The table shows the time taken for the froth of bubbles to reach the top of the test-tube at
different pH values.
Which pH is nearest to the optimum (best) for this enzyme?
A pH 4 B pH 5 C pH 6 D pH 7
17 What is a characteristic of all catalysts?
A They are broken down in the reaction.

B They are made of protein.
C They are not changed by the reaction.
D They do not change the rate of the reaction.
18 The diagram shows the lock and key model of enzyme action.
1 2
Which is the enzyme and which is the substrate?
19 The table shows the temperature and pH at which four different enzymes are most active.
Which enzyme is a protease from the stomach?
20 Which statement is correct for all catalysts?
A They are enzymes.

B They are proteins.
C They speed up chemical reactions.
D They work in living organisms.
21 Two enzyme-controlled reactions are shown.
enzyme 1
amino acids proteins
enzyme 2
proteins amino acids
From these reactions, what deduction can be made about enzymes?
A Enzyme 1 has been changed to enzyme 2.

B Enzyme 2 slows down the production of amino acids.
C Enzymes can build up large molecules.
D Enzymes only break down large molecules.
22 The temperature of an enzyme-controlled reaction is increased by 10 °C.
How does this affect the rate of reaction?
A It always increases the rate.

B It always decreases the rate.
C It may increase or decrease the rate.
D It has no effect on the rate.
23 In an experiment, the effect of temperature on the action of amylase is investigated.
Six different test-tubes are set up, each containing a mixture of amylase and starch solution.
Which condition should not be kept the same in each of the six test-tubes?
A concentration of amylase
B pH
C temperature
D volume of starch solution
24 The graph shows the effect of pH on the rate of reaction of three different enzymes.
What does the graph show?
A Each enzyme works best at a different pH.

B Each enzyme works best over a narrow temperature range.
C Enzymes work best in acid conditions.
D Enzymes work best in alkaline conditions.
25 Some plants digest insects and use the nutrients for growth.
What must these plants produce to digest the insects?
A acids
B alkalis
C enzymes
D hormones
26 The graph shows the effect of pH on the activity of two enzymes.
At which pH is the activity of both enzymes the same?
A 1 B 3 C 5 D 8
27 Four identical mixtures of starch and amylase were kept at different temperatures. The graph
shows the time taken for the starch to be completely digested at each temperature.
At which temperature is the rate of reaction quickest?
28 Equal quantities of a protein-digesting enzyme were added to 5 cm3 of protein solutions of
different pH. Each tube was kept at 37 °C.
The amount of amino acid in each tube was measured after 3 minutes. The results are shown in
the table.
At which pH was the enzyme most active?
A 1 B 7 C 8 D 10
29 Four test-tubes were set up as shown in the diagram.
In which tube is the starch digested most quickly?
A B C
water bath water bath

at 15 °C at 35 °C
starch solution starch solution

and amylase and amylase
starch solution starch solution

and boiled amylase and boiled amylase
30 A human digestive enzyme breaks down its substrate at a fast rate at 35 °C.
What would occur if the enzyme and substrate were kept at 75 °C?
A The enzyme would stop working and be denatured.

B The reaction would continue at the same rate.
C The reaction would take place more quickly.
D The reaction would take place more slowly.
31 The diagram shows the action of amylase.
amylase part of a
starch molecule
What is the function of the enzyme amylase?
A breaks down the substrate into amino acids

B changes the product into the substrate
C increases the rate of starch breaking down into glucose
D increases the rate of starch breaking down into maltose
32 What are enzymes made of?
A carbohydrates
B DNA
C fats
D proteins
33 At which temperature do most enzymes from the human body become completely denatured?
A 0 °C B 27 °C C 40 °C D 65 °C
34 Six test-tubes were set up at different temperatures. Each contained identical solutions containing
starch and amylase mixtures. The table shows the time taken for the reactions to finish in each
test-tube.
At which temperature does the amylase work best?
A 15 °C B 35 °C C 45 °C D 65 °C
35 The graph shows how the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction changes with temperature.
rate of
reaction
temperature X
What is happening within the temperature range marked X?
A The enzyme is becoming denatured.

B The enzyme is being used up.
C The reaction is occurring at body temperature.
D The reaction is occurring at the optimum temperature.
36 Which graph shows the effect of temperature on the activity of a human digestive enzyme?
A B
rate of rate of
reaction reaction
20
0 70 20
0 70
C D
rate of rate of
reaction reaction
20
0 70 20
0 70
37 Which substance is an enzyme?
A bile
B fibrinogen
C lipase
D maltose
38 Which are characteristics of enzymes?
A They are carbohydrates and biological catalysts.

B They are carbohydrates and chemical messengers.
C They are proteins and biological catalysts.
D They are proteins and chemical messengers.
39 The table shows whether starch was still present after four different experiments.
experiment
xperim
starch + water at 20 °C key

starch + amylase at 20 °C = starch present
starch + amylase at 30 °C = starch absent
starch + boiled amylase at 30 °C
What broke down the starch?
A amylase
B boiled amylase
C heat
D water
40 What helps proteins to change into amino acids?
A antibodies
B auxins
C enzymes
D hormones
41 The graph shows the effect of pH on the rate of reaction of an enzyme.
rate of
reaction
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
pH
42 An enzyme from the stomach that digests protein, and cooked egg white that contains protein,
are placed in four test-tubes.
When the egg white is digested the mixture becomes clear.
Which tube becomes clear first?
A B C D
egg white egg white egg white egg white

and enzyme and enzyme and enzyme and enzyme
acid acid alkali alkali
temperature 20 °C temperature 37 °C temperature 20 °C temperature 37 °C
43 The apparatus shown in the diagram was used for an experiment on starch digestion.
Which tube would contain most sugar after 20 minutes?
tube A tube B tube C tube D
starch starch
solution starch solution
and solution and
amylase amylase
water bath at 15 oC water bath at 37 oC
1 In a photosynthesis experiment, a plant is left in bright sunlight for several hours. A leaf is then
removed from the plant and tested for starch, using iodine solution.
The diagram shows the leaf from the plant that was used in the experiment.
white area
green area
Which diagram shows the result of the experiment?
A B C D
key
iodine solution
turns blue / black
iodine solution
stays brown
2 Which substance, needed for protein synthesis, is carried into a leaf from the stem?
A carbon dioxide
B nitrate
C oxygen
D starch
3 Which two substances are the products of photosynthesis?
A carbon dioxide and glucose

B carbon dioxide and water
C oxygen and carbon dioxide
D oxygen and glucose
4 Four test-tubes are set up as shown in the diagram and left in full sunlight.
After several hours, which test-tube contains the most dissolved oxygen?
A B C D
pond
pond weed
weed
water
water water
water
snail snail
5 Plants manufacture their own supplies of carbohydrate.
What are the raw materials and the waste product of this process?
raw materials waste product
A carbon dioxide and chlorophyll oxygen

B carbon dioxide and water oxygen
C oxygen and chlorophyll carbon dioxide
D oxygen and water carbon dioxide
6 A plant with variegated leaves has the starch removed from its leaves by placing it in a dark
cupboard for 48 hours.
Black paper is then fixed on one leaf as shown and the plant is exposed to light.
After 24 hours, which part of the leaf contains starch?
green region white region
A
D
black paper on
both sides of leaf
7 A plant with striped leaves similar to the one below was kept in bright light for six hours.
white stripe
green stripe
A leaf was taken from the plant and the chlorophyll removed. It was then tested for starch using
iodine solution.
Which diagram shows the result of the test?
A B C D
yellow-brown white blue-black yellow-brown
blue-black blue-black green green
8 Apparatus was set up as shown.
air to
pump
sodium limewater limewater

hydroxide plant black
solution flask X paper flask Y
Sodium hydroxide removes carbon dioxide from the air. Limewater goes cloudy if carbon dioxide
is bubbled through it.
What happens to the limewater in flasks X and Y when the pump is switched on?
flask X flask Y
A goes cloudy goes cloudy

B goes cloudy stays clear
C stays clear goes cloudy
D stays clear
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com stays clear
9 The diagram shows a cross-section of part of a leaf.
upper epidermis
layer X
lower epidermis
midrib
Which type of cell is found in layer X?
A B C D
10 An experiment was done using the apparatus shown in the diagram.
The carbon dioxide content of the water in each tube was measured at the start and again three
hours later.
In which tube would there be a decrease in carbon dioxide content?
A B C D
black
water polythene
to keep
out light light
ight light
water
plant
water
snail
11 What is formed first in a leaf as a result of photosynthesis?
A chlorophyll
B glucose
C starch
D water
12 From which part of a leaf does most water evaporate during transpiration?
A the cuticle
B the guard cells
C the spongy mesophyll cells
D the xylem vessels
13 Which substances are transported in the phloem?
A amino acids and starch

B amino acids and sucrose
C protein and starch
D starch and sucrose
14 Which product of photosynthesis moves out of a green leaf through its stomata?
A carbon dioxide
B glucose
C oxygen
D water
15 What is carried by the xylem?
A chlorophyll
B mineral ions
C starch
D sugars
16 Which two substances are needed for photosynthesis?
A carbon dioxide and glucose

B carbon dioxide and water
C oxygen and glucose
D oxygen and water
17 Which process does not release water?
A excretion
B photosynthesis
C respiration
D transpiration
18 The bar chart shows the average number of chloroplasts in each of three different types of leaf
cell.
average number
of chloroplasts
in each cell
1 2 3
type of cell
What are the three types of cell?
1 2 3
A guard cell palisade mesophyll spongy mesophyll

cell cell
B palisade mesophyll spongy mesophyll guard cell
cell cell
C spongy mesophyll guard cell palisade mesophyll
cell cell
D spongy mesophyll palisade mesophyll guard cell
cell cell
19 The diagram shows a palisade cell.
In which region is starch stored?
20 The diagram shows the apparatus used in an investigation to measure the rate of oxygen
production during photosynthesis.
measuring
gas cylinder
bright beaker
light
glass funnel
aquatic plant
water
The investigation was repeated several times and the average amount of gas collected was
calculated.
Which two factors must be kept constant during this investigation?
A the amount of water in the beaker and the height of the measuring cylinder
B the size of aquatic plant and the amount of gas in the measuring cylinder
C the size of aquatic plant and the duration of exposure to light
D the size of the beaker and the funnel
21 Which form of energy is stored within glucose molecules made during photosynthesis?
A chemical
B heat
C light
D mechanical
22 The diagram shows a cell with groups of bacteria around its edge.
cell cytoplasm
spiral-shaped
chloroplast
bacteria
The bacteria move to areas of high oxygen concentration.
Which process in the cell causes the bacteria to form these groups?
A digestion
B photosynthesis
C reproduction
D respiration
23 The diagram shows cells from the epidermis of a leaf.

P
Which parts are partially permeable?
A P and Q B Q and R C R and S D P and S
24 The roots of plants take up nitrates from the soil.
What are the nitrates used to make?
A fat
B glucose
C protein
D starch
25 Which process does not release carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
A decomposition of animals
B photosynthesis of plants
C respiration of animals
D respiration of plants
26 What does photosynthesis form in a leaf first?
A cellulose
B protein
C starch
D sugar
27 The diagram shows a section through a leaf.
Which cell type absorbs the most carbon dioxide during the day?
28 Which element is found in a molecule of chlorophyll?
A calcium
B iron
C lead
D magnesium
29 Which substances do root hairs take from the soil?
A water and carbon dioxide

B water and mineral ions
C carbon dioxide and oxygen and mineral ions
D carbon dioxide and oxygen and water
30 Which cell type contains the most chloroplasts?
A palisade mesophyll
B phloem
C spongy mesophyll
D xylem
31 Cobalt chloride paper is blue when dry but turns pink when wet. Some blue cobalt chloride paper
was fastened to the upper and lower surfaces of a leaf on a plant X and a leaf on plant Y.
The diagram shows the results of the experiment.
12
10
8
time taken for
cobalt chloride
6
paper to turn
pink / minutes
4
0
upper lower upper lower
surface surface surface surface
plant X plant Y
Through which leaf surface was water lost most quickly?
A plant X, upper surface

B plant X, lower surface
C plant Y, upper surface
D plant Y, lower surface
32 What does a plant make with the nitrates it absorbs?
A carbohydrates
B fats
C mineral salts
D proteins
1 Which type of food is not digested before being absorbed by the body?
A carbohydrate
B fat
C protein
D water
2 The diagram shows the human alimentary canal.
In which structure is most glucose absorbed into the blood?
3 Which dietary component is unlikely to be deficient in a meat-free diet?
A fat
B fibre
C protein
D vitamin D
4 The bacterium Salmonella enterica can cause severe food poisoning and the lining of the
alimentary canal may be damaged. In these cases absorption of digested food products cannot
easily take place.
Which region of the alimentary canal is most affected?
A colon
B ileum
C oesophagus
D stomach
5 The diagram shows some of the organs of the human body.
P
S
Q
In which organs does the digestion of proteins take place?
A P and Q B P and R C Q and R D Q and S
6 Which organ produces amylase?
A gall bladder
B liver
C oesophagus
D pancreas
7 Which treatment is best for a person with persistent diarrhoea?
A drinking a solution of sugar and salt

B drinking pure water
C eating more fibre
D eating protein such as boiled eggs
8 The diagram shows a large food molecule changing into smaller molecules.
process X
What is process X?
A absorption
B chewing
C digestion
D secretion
9 The diagram shows part of the alimentary canal and associated organs.
T
W
Which structures secrete enzymes that digest proteins?
A T and U B U and V C V and W D W and T
10 The graph shows pH changes in the mouth after eating.
8
7
6
5
pH 4
3
2
1
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
time after eating / minutes
Why is it a good idea to brush teeth after eating?
A Acidic conditions help bacteria to grow.

B Acids dissolve tooth enamel.
C Alkaline conditions help bacteria to grow.
D Alkalis dissolve tooth enamel.
11 The diagram shows a piece of small intestine during peristalsis.
direction of
peristalsis
What is happening at X?
circular muscles longitudinal muscles
A contracted contracted
B contracted relaxed
C relaxed contracted
D relaxed relaxed
Which structure does not secrete digestive enzymes?
D
B
C
13 Which substance catalyses the breakdown of fats to fatty acids and glycerol?
A adrenaline
B alcohol
C bile
D lipase
14 Poor nutrition can lead to a condition called rickets in which bones fail to develop properly.
The table shows some minerals and vitamins present in four foods.
Which food would be best for a child who has rickets?
calcium iron vitamin C vitamin D
A key
B = substance present
C = substance absent
D
15 Which components make up most of the dry mass of a balanced diet?
A calcium compounds, carbohydrates and fats

B carbohydrates, fats and proteins
C fats, proteins and vitamins
D proteins, vitamins and calcium compounds
16 Why does chewing food speed up digestion?
A Bacteria in the food are killed.

B Food is mixed with protease.
C The surface area of the food is increased.
D The taste of food is improved.
17 The diagram shows part of the human alimentary canal.
In which part does protein digestion begin?
A
B
18 A person ate food X. Food X was not affected by enzymes until it reached the duodenum.
What was in food X?
A fat
B mineral ion
C protein
D starch
19 The diagram shows the teeth of the lower jaw of a human.
Which tooth is an incisor?
B
C
A
20 What is the function of the anus?
A assimilation
B digestion
C egestion
D excretion
21 A person has their gall bladder removed.
Which statement is correct?
A They cannot eat carbohydrates.

B They can eat fat only in small amounts.
C They can eat only liquid food.
D They must not eat more than one large meal a day.
22 The small intestines of cows are similar in general structure and function to the small intestines of
humans.
A disease in cows reduces the number of villi in their small intestines.
The cows lose weight and become weak.
What explains this?
A less amylase produced

B less peristalsis
C slower absorption of nutrients
D slower digestion of proteins
23 The diagram shows some of the organs of the human body.
Q
S
In which organs does the digestion of carbohydrates take place?
A P and Q B P and R C Q and R D Q and S
24 The diagram shows the four types of human tooth.
1 2 3 4
incisor canine premolar molar
Which teeth are used for cutting rather than grinding food?
A 1 and 2 B 2 and 3 C 3 and 4 D 4 and 1
25 What is the result of a diet lacking iron?
A bleeding gums
B poor wound healing
C reduced number of red blood cells
D weak bones and teeth
26 A child decided to eat only meat, oily fish, cheese and bread, and drink only water.
Which nutrient would be in low levels in this diet?
A calcium
B iron
C vitamin C
D vitamin D
27 Which chemical reaction takes place in the stomach?
A Proteins are digested by protease.

B Proteins are digested into fatty acids.
C Starch is digested into amino acids.
D Starch is digested by lipase.
28 A person has bleeding gums.
This could be caused by a lack of which nutrient?
A calcium
B iron
C vitamin C
D vitamin D
29 The table shows the main contents of four meals.
Which meal will be the most effective at preventing constipation?
g / 100 g
fibre
carbohydrate fat protein
(roughage)
A 18 12 8 25
B 30 32 2 12
C 38 4 22 10
D 48 15 10 5
30 The activity of lipase is measured in four parts of the gut.
Which part has the most lipase activity?
A colon
B duodenum
C oesophagus
D stomach
31 The diagram shows some organs of the digestive system.
Where is amylase made?
32 The diagram shows the action of amylase.
amylase part of a
starch molecule
What is the function of the enzyme amylase?
A breaks down the substrate into amino acids

B changes the product into the substrate
C increases the rate of starch breaking down into glucose
D increases the rate of starch breaking down into maltose
33 Dietary fibre passes through several structures after leaving the stomach.
In which order does the dietary fibre pass through these structures?
A duodenum → ileum → colon → rectum
B duodenum → ileum → rectum → colon
C ileum → duodenum → colon → rectum
D ileum → duodenum → rectum → colon
34 Which type of tooth is used for crushing food?
A B C D
35 The table shows vitamin and mineral salt content of four foods.
Which foods would stop a person from suffering from anaemia (lack of haemoglobin) and scurvy
(bleeding gums)?
anaemia scurvy
A 1 2
B 1 3
C 2 4
D 3 4
36 Which condition can sometimes be prevented by eating plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables?
A bleeding gums
B brittle bones
C diabetes
D soft bones
37 A protease is added to a suspension of egg protein in a test-tube and kept at 37 °C.
After 8 minutes, the protein changes from cloudy to transparent.
Which product, or products, will now be present in the test-tube?
A amino acids
B a simple sugar
C fatty acids and glycerol
D water
38 What is the optimum pH for stomach protease?
A pH 2 B pH 7 C pH 9 D pH 12
In which parts does peristalsis take place?

40 The diagram shows part of the digestive system.
1
2
What is a function of the liquid produced by part 1 and released into part 2?
A to digest proteins to amino acids

B to increase the surface area of fat droplets
C to acidify the contents of part 2
D to prevent further digestion of starch
41 The graphs show the quantities of selected vitamins and minerals in four foods.
vitamin C vitamin D Fe Ca
mg / 100 g µg / 100 g mg / 100 g mg / 100 g
30 15 3 150
20 10 2 100
10 5 1 50
0 0 0 0
fish
fruit
fish
fruit
fish
fruit
egg
beans
egg
beans
egg
beans
egg
beans
fish
fruit
Which food is the richest source of the vitamin or mineral essential for the transport of oxygen by
the blood?
A beans
B eggs
C fish
D fruit
42 What is the definition of digestion?
A Large insoluble molecules are changed into faeces.

B Large insoluble molecules are changed into smaller soluble molecules.
C Small soluble molecules are carried to the liver.
D Small soluble molecules are passed through the wall of the intestine.
43 The diagram shows the human alimentary canal, with a string marked in metres beside it.
oesophagus
0
3
string marked
in metres
4
9 anus
How long is the small intestine?
A 2m B 6m C 8m D 9m
44 The graph shows the results of experiments in which the activity of an enzyme was measured at
different pH values.
In which part of the alimentary canal would this enzyme be likely to work?
A mouth cavity
B oesophagus
C small intestine
D stomach
45 In humans, where does most absorption of digested food take place?
A colon
B kidney
C liver
D small intestine
46 The table shows nutrients found in a biscuit.
Which nutrient needs no digestion?
47 By which process is food moved through the alimentary canal?
A assimilation
B digestion
C ingestion
D peristalsis

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1 Which graph shows the effect of temperature on the activity of an enzyme?

2 The diagram represents enzyme action.

What are parts W, X and Y in this chemical reaction?

enzyme product substrate

Which diagram represents the enzyme for this reaction?

In which test-tube is the starch broken down fastest?

5 What is true of all enzymes?

they are most effective

protein amino acids

What would reduce the rate of production of amino acids?

A removing the amino acids as they are formed

C raising the temperature to 40 °C

The protease was taken from a human stomach.

In which test-tube will the protein be digested most quickly?

egg albumen egg albumen egg albumen egg albumen

A slows it down only

10 An enzyme in potato cells causes oxygen to be produced from hydrogen peroxide.

Cubes of potato were incubated with hydrogen peroxide at different temperatures.

The table shows the results.

At which temperature does lactase work fastest?

13 The graph shows the effect of pH on a particular enzyme-controlled reaction.

When is the enzyme not active?

14 What happens to most enzymes above 60 °C?

froth of oxygen bubbles

Which pH is nearest to the optimum (best) for this enzyme?

A They are broken down in the reaction.

Which is the enzyme and which is the substrate?

Which enzyme is a protease from the stomach?

A They are enzymes.

21 Two enzyme-controlled reactions are shown.

From these reactions, what deduction can be made about enzymes?

A Enzyme 1 has been changed to enzyme 2.

22 The temperature of an enzyme-controlled reaction is increased by 10 °C.

How does this affect the rate of reaction?

A It always increases the rate.

23 In an experiment, the effect of temperature on the action of amylase is investigated.

What does the graph show?

A Each enzyme works best at a different pH.

What must these plants produce to digest the insects?

At which pH is the activity of both enzymes the same?

At which temperature is the rate of reaction quickest?

At which pH was the enzyme most active?

29 Four test-tubes were set up as shown in the diagram.

In which tube is the starch digested most quickly?

water bath water bath

starch solution starch solution

starch solution starch solution

A The enzyme would stop working and be denatured.

31 The diagram shows the action of amylase.

What is the function of the enzyme amylase?

A breaks down the substrate into amino acids

32 What are enzymes made of?

At which temperature does the amylase work best?

What is happening within the temperature range marked X?

A The enzyme is becoming denatured.

37 Which substance is an enzyme?

38 Which are characteristics of enzymes?

A They are carbohydrates and biological catalysts.

starch + water at 20 °C  key

What broke down the starch?

40 What helps proteins to change into amino acids?

41 The graph shows the effect of pH on the rate of reaction of an enzyme.

When the egg white is digested the mixture becomes clear.

Which tube becomes clear first?

starch + water at 20 °C key