Activity No. 3.

2
Test I. Strange Fats
Name: CABASAN, ARIAN T. Section: BSMT 2D

Activity Strange Fats

No. 3.2

Directions: Fill in the blank spaces with the appropriate terms to complete
the sentences. Solve the hidden message by entering the boxed letters in the
spaces at the bottom of the page.

1. F A T T Y A C IDS
are long chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms that combine with glycerol
molecules to form a lipid.

2. A CID
extracted chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms that combine with glycerol.

3. L E C ITH IN
is a phospholipid emulsifier found in eggs and soybean oil.

4. E S T E R B O NDS
are found between the fatty acids and the glycerol molecules in triacylglycerols.

5. S H O R T E N I N G
is a crystalline form of a solid fat.
 6. E M U L S I F I E R S
are used to prevent the cocoa butter from separating out of chocolate bars.

7. P O L Y U N S A T U R A T E D
fatty acids have multiple double bonds

8. G L Y C E R O L
molecules form the backbone of attachment for fatty acid molecules.

9. A N I M A L
fat is saturated because it contains all single bonds and is solid at room
temperature

10. V E G E T A B L E
oils like corn and soybean are important food sources of polysaturated fatty acids
in our food supply.

Mysterious Message

This is a popular oil that is no longer used now a days because of its ingredient
that causes to increase a blood cholesterol level. It was used primarily in cookies,
cakes, and snack foods.

C O C O N U T O I L
Test II. Discussion

Directions: Below are the chemical formulas representative

monomer found in living organisms. Explain how compound is
important to the structure and function of living organisms.

Change the following saturated fatty acid into an

unsaturated fatty acid

Which monomer is this?

The image above depicts a saturated fatty acid,
one of two key components that form lipids. Lipids are
How do you know?
Lipids, essential organic compounds in our bodies, are
composed of two primary components: a glycerol backbone and fatty
acid tails, as exemplified in a fat molecule. Saturated fatty acids, a
type of lipid, contain no double bonds between carbon atoms, making
them solid at room temperature, as seen in animal fats. Conversely,
unsaturated fats found in oils like corn and soybean, contain one or
more double bonds, making them liquid at room temperature and a
critical source of polyunsaturated fatty acids in our diet. Understanding
these complex structures and their roles is made easier through online
resources, which offer a wealth of information, including detailed
diagrams and in-depth explanations.

What is the purpose of this compound in living organisms?

Lipids, encompassing both saturated and unsaturated fats,
play several vital roles in living organisms. They serve as a significant
energy reserve, providing more than double the energy per gram
compared to proteins and carbohydrates. Lipids also form a crucial
part of cell membranes, creating a barrier that separates the cell from
 Describe the orientation of the phospholipid molecules as they
spontaneously assemble into a lipid bilayer in an aqueous
environment.
In an aqueous environment, phospholipid molecules
spontaneously arrange themselves into a structure known as a
lipid bilayer. This is largely due to the amphipathic nature of
phospholipids, meaning they have both hydrophilic (water-loving)
and hydrophobic (water-fearing) parts.
The phospholipid molecule consists of a hydrophilic
head, which is attracted to water, and two hydrophobic tails,
which repel water. In a lipid bilayer, the hydrophilic heads face
outwards towards the water, while the hydrophobic tails face
inwards, away from the water. This creates a sandwich-like
structure with the hydrophilic heads forming the outer layers, and
the hydrophobic tails forming the interior of the bilayer.
This arrangement is energetically favorable and