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MODULE -4 MATE RIALSAND
NATURE BIO -INSPIRED
MECHANISM.

wi _a o u on
Eclho loeation Sona.

ulna Son.oanaphy And

aen B enissien
Echo-locatien a
wo and nctadiom
Beund

Lchenthat beunce back m objst

te MAHAOHwnent

n Biological ystum LBats, whalu) hon

Leund Lmwmonm amsto oduc he
Seund tuchnalogical Aytm
h aha tt asihiaal _peumd wiwon
dork iks tiamsduc e ammwnitta To
oducth Aemd.
Gn buadngicalAystim myRCLplun
PAgaw AL thuu to Mcie And mdashad
Lcho. whuuan_
JM uchneloaical Apkm
ha the swen toiwtanht tchet
vltuo Sonoouapk

JwooMq mmdital
uchniaue that w uaueNcy 18 M
to Mode Acmda and_in At
imaatn eATimal gan timu's o
hody
 Tare
Par-

wetking PÄnaple_

aMaducen
it is Wd , o emi amd
pinewigw aneney demmd wwau (o-18 MMg)
which o s n d in dud Contatwdh
pki dnengv
Jhe Awnd wwOtA Ananrln oush t
bod amd
body
Eawo hat
maom
hane diphunt
dbuttimu's aMd

Iw tnawaduer ucaines h chou amd

nda imematun ToCempu wniu o t u
t data to LMate t e mog, wuih. a
displad on the

U -

Abdemina imagin
_wdby ocologist
Msculo- SKRLLdon imaaL

AdwamMOO
Pottab
Cent die
Non Awey
i d eside Rtda
Vuatile .

hmitationa
oniuted im 9uLuegnd potun
Mnited d u t i m
 Sonou
Romm ia
Nawigation ad
Sound was t
that ws soumd
tuchnsont
tuchnstoqy
and Lotot wdeuwat objicta.
detuct Sonaus
aN two ta o
ntenina- the
i Pasve sonaA
waae madoby und_wwal uemd
sound

ii. Actie sena Lmits k seumd

wawsaud s t e n w tcho imv wnduHwa

weRingPAinciple
Sona
Cewyist e trammitt thot
mlu_tund wOts uto t e wst wnich
Aopngat the wdw taingtouon
imotobjd And beunds

Jaownidiw ULiines> the h e s Amd

palLat dar Hama and dtmime its
PAoLtiu which
AMd
vimali th tanat elbin and
i b lotadtion

Awamdao
Pervtable
Vosatule
Cot ahutiwe
Jimitatuons

Jiutud dept
oth wnduwotu
c

Ahlicationv
wd Lislwy_indusis t oca
Dchovt
wwd by OCLamgaphy- m d ptud
and bieogical opety OCan
plypical
Health o o bmaaimu-

Chip

wat

Riciyu u l a
uluctud Seumd
ultnoa Seud pule
Puln
 a ol on
wite
RLine photo synthuis Bio l e a
nd
vo taie cell
OM)
Photo
Aunthuis
plants LoR m Coa
toke
DwnM photo and Do
n
M the n
and Ha0 omaiw oiduxd emd
a
wat i
www
dumlugh

Co Mducid
t t i Conud
Condi
withun ths plauts c
and
Cabon io md mto
diomde mto
o4Ge
walu ido luams 0uGn md
wh plawt Mmoiuls.
Bee mnay ithin quu
Sumde u_plamt call huo is
Atevs_ ungy umligt
ddaoplast_whih
chlesophy abm
dnotomyntiana
Puutng bu and Aud lugd wau
and M l d as
and ug Oa w.ceg
Mckimg
plamt auen

Photo btaic cul_[Pv CU

Pv c l a sai.conduclev
dorsic oacw LoWNets_igh ULQyMMo
udnca
It cowt e Ntpomd
upe Ailicon whew mligd alu
th pVcil -halepain j Cuodkd
Eutuon Mo MMaly hm
Nype to p-type Lwnich nat on lucbical
A pinao solon
cill odMs
0.Svoltz Ma ham 3 6c l
Lemd e
udical
Modul Amd_Modules
 easSMA
Date
Page

lecicaluy cownut o kevm

photo sunthums t md
podund
sALdChmiCAl ay ehuwas im
Pv cil the wd odunt i
latiral uay.
Bolh the
Comondts ud os Chaolophyu and
chdeoplast w ea i V AUUlSiuon a
wmd.

Py celu:

i Paevskis Co stallune Mmatuual

mad c plskity

ighiw dwn PN l l thin laup i d

cd dulwude

ii Concut iats_N cal wws ev wiu

A atuon P cell
Rumote locadiun
Peu in a r
wuwtauy u
TAompetation

Bionic uak
3ionic La w outikiiol
Smthus to Conout H20
Wabl em o LMU

atn M ws_indio hydruog .

Ond mydovoon totmg badanna na huuls
 S
e m p o n M i S _

C H a m o b a c t n i u n m

photonymtndiw 6 g a m i m

Bmicenducter wolleial
igkt hoasting Autim
iALzting o uatu
wryme» wxd
Cotal
J n d u t u a lRwinnien
ambint oi
Co2_SeLce
e CemcCO2 Beution

yd0n qa
Enugyteoa
is ud to ste

Conkael and Monitaing Stum ight ituwty,

kampnatuu pH COlwds

weikim PAinciplu

AAbianic ua Cmn o Ncl hat

CaftauuDinligut and Conut _nto leutical
Lnray amd raialypt uc as bauunum-
U t u i c a l LALUL and Cernet
nto Ha and Oa
Hgdnogn Loducd by bianic uak
Lam Ban be bterd amd wxd astlan-
and MnLwaHu_muoY UMAA
Bicrc lua obheb
Suphlud benc ond Lorut ntoLasban
basd cempeaunds Cmetham) twweuah
uducdi hadiens
t_isiMsd a kul and Cenmusted into
 othen wetul u

Ahhlicatien
Renwablk bayhuodudion
Co duution
Aqicult pmd kovd odutio
Ewterwmata Hadiiation

1
17/8
Human blood ubtituts
o h y 0 Dtht haod Hhat_ou
dungnid to art o a Huplarimut ov blood
in thbody
Bas u a J u m o ov umam bleod
Dulbktut
EHdiuwe040n TAape to body's timu
SaldyAMd bio Cenpatible
Skoblecopoble obimgstesud and
tsampetrd Lasdy
Cet ctinna
Jhuu a two tyhu m a n bload
Dubstitudu
HBOCs haomoglobin -bau Oman caniul
PECS EP uheocasbenal
WtL amo en HBOCs

t huwma bloodAbsitdtht
duwomd to coamy and duli D
to tha bodujs t i u
 mads by eamaomo
3 3hy
hypu
ussowibu tosia3 0Pn
tin And emulating
in d blood csll b intuudJmta
that Co
A dutfon
hatimts blood buam

dtaay HBOCS

Ineid 09pm0jng Copady

Unisal cempotilbu itn M Marod
Leng hk i
Rudud Hisk npetion
Avallabiluty in mB challngimg

Limitakons |isk

Jimbd 0A4OA uluo

hest hal Jk
Nituic oid Scowenaing [amoleuul
u bnatblu kov ouladig blood wd dilsdin
ad maintainingnamal blood low
Rural tooty
Jmmunoopnicty and a d u HLatins
Jntunuanck withdagnosic ust uke
mawing Blmbin v r mymu

Hemapuu hombovin hamoqlsoin

Oyglcbin ham bovm haumoglpbin m t m a n i s

Rumepam
Hmarknk
 elAsSMAte
Dare
Poge

mok Dn PFCS

t i wmam blovd ubtiutsthat

OMd
dumgnidtoCa
tt bods tiue
chumials thad asL
wmallywhit
BUncL thy dont MAi th

blond thuy mwst b mustud with pids

thy cab un to patiuvtu
biye
Jhy HLmaum blood AiNLom ket f8 has

Poputis

PECS atw ulsihyinq ithipida

hLauy
Jew -vissiy auids.

oically cluo
higv sife rawdy
ood n a c s maion

Aduadaq PECs
I a Oan papng Ropaay
No blood typing AOA matchunq
ouinud
stable and leno alhe uhe
Ridmcid isk PLnctim
LempatbL witw diagneitic tst
 Limitatuons iuk
andeliminalion
48h.
aatw 48 hu
Cliaunc
Cluaunce
helian
imitud 0ugm
Sthot
N u d
haly i
hov
adminisuation
s h u t i a l i n d a d m i n i n a t i o n

muthod

and toriuity
Side eucts

Enamples

Puktoan

HemepwL PFC.

wit a nau w Shask SKm-Falction

MLducimg i m A i t s

dimdilu om shakskin ude

dnag and imLa icieu Ad allmw
Duiun
w uucu diuupt th le o
watu A nd hank bod dIA.
tunhulan and Vactic
FAutiemlu oum Au
Aimilar tutw o Nraak kim t o
uduedouagand mplm AuimmA
esmamu
AuiyAut O adL om
hwah uh matunials tlatmimac th opaxtius
Bhalk dki uCh 0 daap and
 elasenat
Dats.

drnticlw
matuiias.
hietimleA i m suils aN Apardim
wohun
igh abrio Licon, folywathinw Blndud
hith ylon

24/3 Plat buus vuuol

A_bun i a ud thad_han
hoek n u t h that comv ladch ovto dothmg
athn allvingtwm todipr
Hhi UdA E a widu
Buw O butkmawn
inigaiiondamar teclehin puncus to
t i ondclogging ths Lauipmet_uh
oqicutnal howusttnq machimuy
Vulao gRmuic elow in calld hopk_and
Joop tatmu tope
Aplamd buu was th inshnatuon ha the
Wookomd Lop asten n oalso mwaw as Aleo

MDe Mtha [ig4) wlshd 0aleo which

tun aip o MAylan abie-0
ook and othuwith AunallLeo
And hun d toguthuthuy ath tac
matin4 bend that com be loily
ddacdhd_y- huuuing
 in Vucno
Matuia td

mad up w o s and
d is
hook madtup Polesi Lstong
Leop ud id amo dwnatu)

is MAMd toattah the l

k adhesiues
BUnntie adhuwe
fo a

A catuons
cLothing amdootuta
MLdicaldunc
duapacL Lauipmint s
Automatiu indusly
lackagunq wndusty

Lotus lea Ect

Law to upl wadu U t adhUim AMd

Dell duar Teugh thui
Lotus iaun ha micAe And
ANd tha omo talu
Low wall bunps And
a Loated h a i
Nd pndLanuyAusycausinq watu duoplts to
diat
 elAsSMte.
Dale

Supe hugdowphobic Primcip

9ul to
th
to Lptl watu and is
olbutyo ton
ua
wrtimna
i uatud
, Such
Such a thed
ad
taap a
batwun the
he
Surt acu And
h walu
dopluts uduung th
mtact
COtact
ALabtwu thum andmakn t
Mel dithiulu o th duoplts to t
surae
Jhe Aatuual Ud
bastd wamo Matuual
wnoptuumu, Si
CNTS- aphw-,poma
bapud matuial
Jchntauu wd
to upoa up ydunphdbio
Burattsa CVDSol-q
Engini Aucadion Sup hudrephobic Surtacv
atuspasom udaonacs
Se cleoningdisplae
Andi koa window and_miue
Jo
wtnt_iing on aiMtaat wing
Patt AUAYaLL CempenAmts om coosim

Wit a Mo on Gps md ain c a t

wechaMism

8inda by ahing ihein wings and

th moiement
Mng- thu body tighd Omd
oi io tay alott
 Auvaltusus gms to nbol
Omd u{t hum th w a to oay
thust
in a
[qobal posutionimq ytum
GPs uwA
to ddwmime th
ateliuSioma
Peition and hul i maulgait
u dy to diluru
11 P L
vouky o Ho
hiak
Pr1/0
Oun

Scten behind t bud4

wwgAaprs-nas AL_CAUARO
uhh Auelac and Lattu om botlam ALalumg
a umuu duwna taat gemuat
llov bid to JaH ma
gUeng4Light ww.elatachd to uing
Houm bans
3Aathuv
Reshuaatets ystum-Cowstamt auphly
t a b s t e demand koHigt
D R uus bu
iaht demond

GPS[alobalPodinmng- &ustum) a
ucbnelogy tha w Mtwak osadellitta
ta uide Lototionamd um uilmaiim o
wt whiuh ulh thum to nauigal.
 dAsGMAte
ata

Ke cempoAh _o GPs
Satellit Cewist o au 3a batulldu
th ot hch codtiaowsy ting
brondeost
COVtowmg
tin Amd
inkeamatuon about thi
cation todtus
RiceAnu

GS eis sniwaL inteoaud into

dwices as wmoxtp hamu, MaNqocuon
Ausims Amd OOAall. wwich ucais iqnal
GS batullitu ard w ainlemnain
do calclat th wwsposutim

Corundl wwd to track t GPs

batullts

Impetamce GPS tchnebog

positiomwng. and mouigadinm
Hiaht elamnimg
Ahnouh_and Jamding
A t a o mamaomiml
Fuaht ata
Collisuan Avoidomee

Ain Calt Michamiom

Ht, Dsuag amd 3hust
roduscad oy- atien o
ut is
Ahakid
t h a w i n g uohich i
tha ai vides an.upuoand
hi tw euenmundA

dAuuwasdA_
dusctd
 daag Js u t o
odynamuo
t Jnducrdduag
Panostbio drag

tAndud diaa4 d to te wimg

Snape and poasitic daaq is du to
snape
the Metion e a omd boday swlace

Twuwst in th ainaalt is odcnd

wty the ul o ngin
has in the biud th maintain
Thst codimous{athing utnga
2King ishor BLak-Bullt aaim
3h biak o a Kinahish in ong
slundrand sonp ptod ohich hulpa to
Huducednag O UÄslamct he
bid

3
suamlind mape o tthe btak
alln sKimaisu o Amagthly
Had kev tte do

Suaa Jwion Th bLak l a to

angh the uai unlaubuakia
e bula mim Ound pudmuma th

MiMwww.ingoplash shape o ebRak

 dun b a aud upm
duue t
beak
OMewamdp dutqn

echnalogcal poiamca bulut thaim

he w kimahishu beak duxgn. leads
bullii thaim
shape
AUodumamie dgn The Hhant A t h
bullet thaim i shaped MM SLUh a wcu
that it huld udnc a uwistame
and Umpnov AUMdynamiu
T
emame ushu
Lommiwd desian Mainwma daag a t
nansAt igh shud allausiq to
maimlaim a b i y 0 n d LA u and _Amovth
tapusd pALAAe_ dit huancu
bituseen the aordamd Ma the
thaim ducna meiR Omd lbadin.

Mdudian By 4etily
MMwmnsimg the
waan Oulow
then s
Comh Mon Amd epanlan o a - -

u sa n d
bulld aaln _udmeced it

it tuwwwes