Amali

Fizik
2021

Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah

COMPULSORY EXPERIMENTS
Form 4
No. Theme Experiment Page (Text Book)
1.2.3 Carry out scientific investigation and write a complete report for the Simple 14
Pendulum Experiment
1 Elementary Physics https://youtu.be/z5w29D5rm7s

2.3.2 Experiment to determine the value of gravitational acceleration 48

https://youtu.be/7vPleWeh1Jw
2

Newtonian Mechanics
2.4.2 Experiment to find the relationship between inertia and mass 53
https://youtu.be/sIyfSbiBumg
3

4.2.3 Experiment to determine:

(i) the specific heat capacity of water 129
4 (ii) the specific heat capacity of aluminium 130
https://youtu.be/DvWXcyfX5x8

4.3.3 Experiment to determine:

(i) specific latent heat, of fusion of ice 141
5 (ii) specific latent heat of evaporation, of water
https://youtu.be/tDE8cC--Q6Q
Heat
4.4.2 Experiment to determine the relationship between the pressure and volume of a 150
fixed mass of gas at constant temperature
6 https://youtu.be/7APoAfBsbKw

4.4.3 Experiment to determine the relationship between the volume and temperature of 153
a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure
7
https://youtu.be/flD4SYFsakY
 4.4.4 Experiment to determine the relationship between the pressure and temperature 158
of a fixed mass of gas at constant volume
8 https://youtu.be/Yh6-I4ETQAA

6.1.4 Experiment to determine the refractive index, n for glass block or Perspex 236
https://youtu.be/XSBw0IjAQ5s
9

6.1.6 Experiment to determine refractive index of a medium using real depth and 238
apparent depth
10 https://youtu.be/s9yY3xk-Cuo
Waves, Light and
Optics
6.4.1 Experiment to: 259
(i) Investigate the relationship between object distance, v for a convex lens
(ii) Determine the focal length of a thin lens using lens formula:
https://youtu.be/mG0Mb7BrYHE
11

Form 5
No. Theme Experiment Page (Text Book)
1.4.2 Experiment to investigate the relationship between force, F and extension of 25
spring, x
1 https://youtu.be/yT_5lRMnA18

Newtonian Mechanics
2.1.2 Experiment to investigate factors affecting pressure in liquids 41
https://youtu.be/KqxLTFJifmM
2
 2.3.1 Determine gas pressure using a manometer 57
https://youtu.be/0irBS141J9o
3

3.2.1 Compare and contrast ohmic and non-ohmic conductor 100

https://youtu.be/N68BUKGmpa8
4

3.2.4 Describe factors that affect resistance of a wire through experiments to conclude 106, 107, 109

5
https://youtu.be/6fGEOKtWkAc

3.3.3 Conduct an experiment to determine e.m.f and internal resistance in a dry cell 118
https://youtu.be/oYOddHLx8mI
6 https://youtu.be/DTG1ynj7MeU
Electric and
Electromagnetism
4.1.4 Describe the effect of a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field 136
https://youtu.be/FmfBoVMnyn0
7

4.1.3 Explain factors that affect the magnitude of force on a current-carrying conductor 140
in a magnetic field
https://youtu.be/oGtnZ33KSs0
8
QUESTION 1
CANDIDATE CHECK LIST
SENARAI SEMAK CALON
INSTRUCTION
You are required to check the list of apparatus and materials, read the questions and plan the
experiment in the first five minutes.

Tick (✓) in the box provided to check the apparatus and materials prepared.

ARAHAN

Anda dikehendaki menyemak radas dan bahan, membaca soalan dan merancang eksperimen dalam tempoh lima
minit yang pertama.

Tandakan (✓) pada ruangan kotak yang disediakan untuk menyemak radas dan bahan yang disediakan.

No. Apparatus / Material Quantity / Tick (X)

Bil. Radas / Bahan Kuantiti Tandakan(X)
1 Pendulum bob/Plasticine with mass of 60 g
1 ( )
Ladung/ plastisin dengan jisim 60 g
2 Nylon thread with minimum length of 70 cm
1 ( )
Benang nylon dengan panjang minimum 70 cm
3 Protractor
1 ( )
Jangka Sudut
4 Retort stand
1 ( )
Kaki retort
5. Analogue stopwatch
1 ( )
Jam randik analog
6. Metre ruler
1 ( )
Pembaris meter
7. Plywood with dimension of (0.5 x 5) cm
2 ( )
Papan lapis dengan ketebalan (0.5 x 5) cm
1. You are going to carry out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the
length of pendulum, l and the period of oscillation, T.
Anda dikehendaki menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hubungan di antara panjang bandul, l
dengan tempoh ayunan, T.

Plywood
Papan Lapis

Protractor
Jangka sudut

Thread
Benang

Pendulum bob
Ladung

Retort stand
Kaki retort

Diagram 1.1
Rajah 1.1

Carry out the experiment using the steps below:

Jalankan eksperimen anda dengan menggunakan langkah-langkah di bawah:

1. Arrange the apparatus by hanging the pendulum’s bob using a thread as shown in
Diagram 1.1.
Susunkan radas dengan menggantungkan ladung menggunakan benang seperti ditunjukkan dalam
Rajah 1.1.
 Plywood
Papan Lapis

Protractor
Jangka sudut

Thread
Benang Length, l
Panjang, l

Stopwatch
Jam randik

Pendulum bob
Ladung

Retort stand
Kaki retort

Diagram 1.2
Rajah 1.2

2. Adjust the length of the pendulum, l = 10.0 cm. Displace the pendulum at an angle of 20⁰
from the vertical and release it as shown in Diagram 1.2.
Laraskan panjang ladung, l = 10.0 cm. Sesarkan ladung pada sudut 20⁰ dari kedudukan menegak dan
lepaskannya seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 1.2.

Record the time for 20 complete oscillations, t using a stopwatch.

Catatkan masa untuk 20 ayunan lengkap, t menggunakan jam randik.

3. Repeat the experiment using different length of pendulum, l = 20.0 cm, 30.0 cm. 40.0 cm
and 50.0 cm.
Ulang eksperimen ini dengan menggunakan panjang ladung, l = 20.0 cm, 30.0 cm, 40.0 cm dan 50.0 cm.

4. Based on the experiment conducted, you are required;

Berdasarkan eksperimen yang dijalankan, anda dikehendaki;

(a) State,
Nyatakan,

(i) Manipulated variable

Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
 (ii) Responding variable
Pembolehubah bergerakbalas

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(b) Calculate the period of oscillation, T, by using the equation below for each length
of thread, l,
Hitung tempoh ayunan, T, dengan menggunakan persamaan di bawah bagi setiap panjang benang,l,

T = t / 20
Tabulate the value of t, T and T2 for each value of l in the space below.
Jadualkan nilai t, T dan T2 bagi setiap nilai l dalam ruang di bawah.

[6 marks]
[6 markah]

(c) On the graph paper provided, plot a graph of T2 against l.

Pada kertas graf yang disediakan, plot graf T2 melawan l.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

(d) Based on the graph in (c), state the relationship between T2 and l.
Berdasarkan graf yang dilukis di (c), nyatakan hubungan di antara T2 dan l.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(e) Calculate the gradient, k, of the graph T2 against l.
Hitung kecerunan, k, of the graph T2 against l.

k = ………………………………..

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

(f) If a pendulum bob with bigger mass is used in this experiment, what will happen to the
gradient of the graph?
Sekiranya satu bandul dengan jisim yang lebih tinggi digunakan dalam eksperimen ini, apakah yang akan
berlaku kepada kecerunan graf?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
 Graph of T2 against l
Graf T2 melawan l
T 2 / s2

Length, l / cm
Panjang, l / cm
QUESTION 2
CANDIDATE CHECK LIST
SENARAI SEMAK CALON
INSTRUCTION
You are required to check the list of apparatus and materials, read the questions and plan the
experiment in the first five minutes.

Tick (✓) in the box provided to check the apparatus and materials prepared.

ARAHAN

Anda dikehendaki menyemak radas dan bahan, membaca soalan dan merancang eksperimen dalam tempoh lima
minit yang pertama.

Tandakan (✓) pada ruangan kotak yang disediakan untuk menyemak radas dan bahan yang disediakan.

No. Apparatus / Material Quantity / Tick (X)

Bil. Radas / Bahan Kuantiti Tandakan(X)
1 Voltmeter
1 ( )
Voltmeter
2 Ammeter
1 ( )
Ammeter
3 Connecting wire
7 ( )
Wayar penyambung
4 Constantan wire s.w.g 24 (20 cm length)
1 ( )
Wayar konstantan s.w.g 24 (Panjang 20 cm )
5 1.5 V dry cells
2 ( )
Sel kering 1.5 V
6 Rheostat
1 ( )
Reostat
7 Cell holder
1 ( )
Pemegang sel kering
8 Switch
1 ( )
Suis
2. Diagram 2.1 shows a bulb which lights up when it is connected to one dry cell.
Diagram 2.2 shows the condition of the same bulb when it is connected to two dry cells.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan sebiji mentol menyala apabila disambungkan kepada sebiji sel kering.
Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan keadaan mentol yang sama apabila disambungkan kepada dua biji sel kering.

Diagram 2.1 Diagram 2.2

Rajah 2.1 Rajah 2.2

(a) Based on the information and observation, state;

Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian, nyatakan;

(i) State one suitable inference.

Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(ii) State one suitable hypothesis.

Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(b) With the use of apparatus given, plan an experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in
(a)(ii).
Your description should include:
 The arrangement of the apparatus.
 The procedure of the experiment which includes one method of controlling the
manipulated variable and one method of measuring the responding variable.
Dengan menggunakan radas yang diberikan, rancang satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang
dinyatakan di (a)(ii).
Penerangan anda hendaklah mengandungi:
 Susunan radas.
 Prosedur eksperimen termasuk satu kaedah mengawal pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan dan satu
kaedah mengukur pemboleh ubah bergerak balas.
……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(c) Carry out the experiment.
Record the readings and tabulate the results in the space below.
Jalankan eksperimen tersebut.
Catatkan bacaan dan jadualkan keputusan pada ruang di bawah.

[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(d) Analyse the data obtained in (c) by plotting a graph in the graph paper provided.
Buat analisa untuk data yang telah diperolehi di (c) dengan melukis graf pada kertas graf yang telah
disediakan.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

(e) Based on the graph in (d), state the relationship between the axis of the graph.
Berdasarkan graf yang dilukis di (c), nyatakan hubungan di antara paksi-paksi graf tersebut.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(f) If constantan wire s.w.g 28 is used in this experiment, what will happen to the gradient of the
graph?
Sekiranya wayar konstantan s.w.g 28 digunakan dalam eksperimen ini, apakah yang akan berlaku kepada
kecerunan graf?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
QUESTION 3
CANDIDATE CHECK LIST
SENARAI SEMAK CALON
INSTRUCTION
You are required to check the list of apparatus and materials, read the questions and plan the
experiment in the first five minutes.

Tick (✓) in the box provided to check the apparatus and materials prepared.

ARAHAN

Anda dikehendaki menyemak radas dan bahan, membaca soalan dan merancang eksperimen dalam tempoh lima
minit yang pertama.

Tandakan (✓) pada ruangan kotak yang disediakan untuk menyemak radas dan bahan yang disediakan.

No. Apparatus / Material Quantity / Tick (X)

Bil. Radas / Bahan Kuantiti Tandakan(X)
1 1.5 V dry cells
2 ( )
Sel kering 1.5 v
2 Cell holder
2 ( )
Pemegang sel kering
3 Switch
1 ( )
Suis
4 Connecting wires
7 ( )
Wayar penyambung
5. Ammeter
1 ( )
Ammeter
6. Voltmeter
1 ( )
Voltmeter
7. Crocodile clips
8 ( )
Klip buaya
8. Rheostat
1 ( )
Reostat
9. Meter rule
1 ( )
Pembaris meter
10. 110.0 cm of s.w.g. 24 constantan wire
1 ( )
Wayar konstantan s.w.g 24 panjang 110.0 cm
3. You are going to carry out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the
length, l and the resistance, R of a wire.
Anda dikehendaki menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hubungan di antara panjang, l dengan
rintangan, R suatu wayar.

Dry cells
Switch

1.5 V
Sel kering
Suis

Cell holder
Pemegang sel kering Connecting wire
Wayar penyambung

Rheostat
Reostat

Ammeter
Ammeter

Crocodile clip P Q
Klip buaya

Constantan wire Meter rule

Wayar konstantan Pembaris meter

Voltmeter
Voltmeter
Diagram 3.1
Rajah 3.1

Carry out the experiment using the steps below:

Jalankan eksperimen anda dengan menggunakan langkah-langkah di bawah:

1. Arrange the apparatus by connecting wires to electrical instruments and winding up

a constantan wire to a meter rule as shown in Diagram 3.1.
Susunkan radas dengan menyambung wayar-wayar kepada alat elektrik dan melilit satu wayar
konstantan kepada pembaris meter seperti ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 3.1.
 Dry cells
Switch

1.5 V
Sel kering
Suis

Cell holder
Pemegang sel kering Connecting wire
Wayar penyambung

Rheostat
Reostat

Ammeter
Ammeter

Crocodile clip P Q
l
Klip buaya

Constantan wire Meter rule

Wayar konstantan Pembaris meter

Voltmeter
Voltmeter

Diagram 3.2
Rajah 3.2

2. Adjust crocodile clips P and Q so that the length, l = 20.0 cm. Close the switch and adjust
the rheostat until the current, I = 0.5 A as shown in Diagram 3.2.
Laraskan panjang klip buaya supaya panjang, l = 20.0 cm. Tutup suis dan laraskanreostat sehingga arus, I
= 0.5 A seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 3.2.

Record the value of potential difference across the wire by reading the value at the
voltmeter.
Catatkan nilai beza keupayaan merentasi wayar dengan membaca nilai pada voltmeter.

3. Repeat the experiment using different length of the constantan wire, l = 40.0 cm, 60.0 cm.
80.0 cm and 100.0 cm.
Ulang eksperimen ini dengan menggunakan panjang wayar konstantan, l = 40.0 cm, 60.0 cm, 80.0 cm dan
100.0 cm.
4. Based on the experiment conducted, you are required;
Berdasarkan eksperimen yang dijalankan, anda dikehendaki;

(a) State,
Nyatakan,

(i) Manipulated variable

Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Responding variable
Pembolehubah bergerakbalas

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(b) Calculate the resistance of the wire, R, by using the equation below for each length
of constantan wire, l,
Hitung rintangan wayar, R, dengan menggunakan persamaan di bawah bagi setiap panjang awayar
konstantan, l,

𝑉𝑉
R= 𝐼𝐼

Tabulate the value of I, V and R for each value of l in the space below.
Jadualkan nilai I, V dan R bagi setiap nilai l dalam ruang di bawah.

[6 marks]
[6 markah]
(c) On the graph paper provided, plot a graph of R against l.
Pada kertas graf yang disediakan, plot graf R melawan l.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

(d) Based on the graph in (c), state the relationship between R and l.
Berdasarkan graf yang dilukis di (c), nyatakan hubungan di antara R dan l.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(e) Calculate the gradient, k, of the graph R against l.

Hitung kecerunan, k, of the graph R against l.

k = ………………………………..

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

(f) State one precaution that needs to be taken to ensure that the wire temperature is
constant throughout the experiment.
Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil untuk memastikan suhu wayar adalah malar
sepanjang eksperimen tersebut.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
 Graph of R against l
R / 𝛀𝛀
Graf R melawan l

Length, l / cm
Panjang, l / cm
QUESTION 4
CANDIDATE CHECK LIST
SENARAI SEMAK CALON
INSTRUCTION
You are required to check the list of apparatus and materials, read the questions and plan the
experiment in the first five minutes.

Tick (✓) in the box provided to check the apparatus and materials prepared.

ARAHAN

Anda dikehendaki menyemak radas dan bahan, membaca soalan dan merancang eksperimen dalam tempoh lima
minit yang pertama.

Tandakan (✓) pada ruangan kotak yang disediakan untuk menyemak radas dan bahan yang disediakan.

No. Apparatus / Material Quantity / Tick (X)

Bil. Radas / Bahan Kuantiti Tandakan(X)
1 Voltmeter
1 ( )
Voltmeter
2 Ammeter
1 ( )
Ammeter
3 Connecting wire
7 ( )
Wayar penyambung
4 1.5 V dry cells
2 ( )
Sel kering 1.5 V
5 Rheostat
1 ( )
Reostat
6 Cell holder
1 ( )
Pemegang sel kering
7 Switch
1 ( )
Suis
8 Meter rule
1 ( )
Pembaris meter
9 30.0 cm constantan wires of s.w.g. 22, s.w.g.
24, s.w.g 26, s.w.g. 28 and s.w.g. 30
1 ( )
Wayar konstantan panjang 30.0 cm untuk s.w.g. 22,
s.w.g. 24, s.w.g. 26, s.w.g. 28 dan s.w.g. 30
4. Diagrams 4.1 and 4.2 below show two similar bulbs, each is connected to a dry cell. The bulb
in Diagram 4.2 lights up brighter than the bulb in Figure 4.1
Rajah 4.1 dan 4.2 menunjukkan dua buah mentol serupa setiap satu yang disambungkan pada satu sel kering.
Mentol dalam Rajah 4.1 menyala dengan lebih cerah berbanding mentol dalam Rajah 4.2.

Diagram 4.1 Diagram 4.2

Rajah 4.1 Rajah 4.2

(a) Based on the information and observation, state;

Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian, nyatakan;

(i) State one suitable inference.

Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) State one suitable hypothesis.
Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(b) With the use of apparatus given, plan an experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in
(a)(ii).
Your description should include:
 The arrangement of the apparatus.
 The procedure of the experiment which includes one method of controlling the
manipulated variable and one method of measuring the responding variable.
Dengan menggunakan radas yang diberikan, rancang satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang
dinyatakan di (a)(ii).
Penerangan anda hendaklah mengandungi:
 Susunan radas.
 Prosedur eksperimen termasuk satu kaedah mengawal pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan dan satu
kaedah mengukur pemboleh ubah bergerak balas.
……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...

[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(c) Carry out the experiment.
Calculate the resistance of the wire, R, and the cross-sectional area of wire, A by using
the equations below for each type of constantan wire.
Jalankan eksperimen tersebut.
Hitungkan rintangan wayar, R, dan luas keratan rentas wayar, A dengan menggunakan persamaan-
persamaan di bawah untuk setiap jenis wayar konstantan.

𝑉𝑉
Resistance, R = 𝐼𝐼
Area, A = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2
Rintangan Luas

Complete the table below.

Lengkapkan jadual di bawah.

s.w.g. Diameter, Cross- 𝟏𝟏 Current, Potential Resistance,

/ mm-2
𝑨𝑨
d/ mm sectional I/A difference, R / 𝛀𝛀
area, A / V/v
mm2
22 0.711
24 0.559
26 0.457
28 0.376
30 0.315

[4 marks]
[4 markah]

(d) On the graph paper provided, plot a graph of R against 1 .

𝐴𝐴
1
Pada kertas graf yang disediakan, plot graf R melawan .
𝐴𝐴
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

(e) Based on the graph in (d), state the relationship between R and A.
Berdasarkan graf yang dilukis di (c), nyatakan hubungan di antara R dan A.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(f) If a nichrome wire is used in this experiment, what will happen to the gradient of the graph?
Sekiranya wayar nikrom digunakan dalam eksperimen ini, apakah yang akan berlaku kepada kecerunan graf?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
 𝟏𝟏
Graph of R against 𝑨𝑨
𝟏𝟏
Graf R melawan
𝑨𝑨
R / 𝛀𝛀

𝟏𝟏
/ mm-2
𝑨𝑨
QUESTION 5
CANDIDATE CHECK LIST
SENARAI SEMAK CALON
INSTRUCTION
You are required to check the list of apparatus and materials, read the questions and plan the
experiment in the first five minutes.

Tick (✓) in the box provided to check the apparatus and materials prepared.

ARAHAN

Anda dikehendaki menyemak radas dan bahan, membaca soalan dan merancang eksperimen dalam tempoh lima
minit yang pertama.

Tandakan (✓) pada ruangan kotak yang disediakan untuk menyemak radas dan bahan yang disediakan.

No. Apparatus / Material Quantity / Tick (X)

Bil. Radas / Bahan Kuantiti Tandakan(X)
1 Voltmeter
1 ( )
Voltmeter
2 Ammeter
1 ( )
Ammeter
3 Connecting wire
7 ( )
Wayar penyambung
4 1.5 V dry cell
1 ( )
Sel kering 1.5 V
5 Rheostat
1 ( )
Reostat
6 Cell holder
1 ( )
Pemegang sel kering
7 Switch
1 ( )
Suis
8 Filament bulb (2.5V, 3W)
1 ( )
Mentol filament (2.5V, 3W)
5. You are going to carry out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the
current, I and the potential difference, V of a non-ohmic conductor.
Anda dikehendaki menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hubungan di antara arus, I dan beza
keupayaan, V bagi konduktor bukan ohmik.

Switch

Ammeter A Rheostat

Bulb

Voltmeter

Diagram 5.1
Rajah 5.1

Carry out the experiment using the steps below:

Jalankan eksperimen anda dengan menggunakan langkah-langkah di bawah:

1. Arrange the apparatus by connecting wires to electrical instruments as shown in

Diagram 5.1.
Susunkan radas dengan menyambung wayar-wayar kepada alat elektrik seperti ditunjukkan dalam
Rajah 5.1.

2. Close the switch and adjust the rheostat until the ammeter reads I = 0.14 A. Record
the voltmeter reading, V in Table 5.1
Tutup suis dan laraskan rheostat sehingga bacaan ammeter menunjukkan arus, I = 0.14 A. Rekodkan
bacaan voltmeter di dalam Jadual 5.1.

3. Repeat step 2 with values of I = 0.16 A, 0.18 A, 0.20 A and 0.22 A.

Ulang eksperimen ini dengan menggunakan arus, I = 0.16 A, 0.18 A, 0.20 A and 0.22 A.
4. Based on the experiment conducted, you are required;
Berdasarkan eksperimen yang dijalankan, anda dikehendaki;

(a) State,
Nyatakan,

(i) Manipulated variable

Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Responding variable
Pembolehubah bergerakbalas

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(b) Tabulate the value of I and V in the table below.

Jadualkan nilai I dan V dalam jadual di bawah.

Table 5.1
Jadual 5.1

Current, I / A Potential Difference, V / V

Arus, I / A Beza Keupayaan, V / V
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.20
0.22

[3 marks]
[3 markah]

(c) On the graph paper provided, plot a graph of V against I.

Pada kertas graf yang disediakan, plot graf V melawan I.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]

(d) Based on the graph in (c), state the relationship between V and I.
Berdasarkan graf yang dilukis di (c), nyatakan hubungan di antara V dan I.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(e) Calculate the gradient, R, of the graph V against I.
Hitung kecerunan, R bagi graf V melawan I.

R = ………………………………..

[3 marks]
[3 markah]

(f) State one precaution that needs to be taken to ensure that the bulb temperature is
constant throughout the experiment.
Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil untuk memastikan suhu mentol adalah malar
sepanjang eksperimen tersebut.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
 Graph of V against I
Graf V melawan I
V/V

I/A
QUESTION 6
CANDIDATE CHECK LIST
SENARAI SEMAK CALON
INSTRUCTION
You are required to check the list of apparatus and materials, read the questions and plan the
experiment in the first five minutes.

Tick (✓) in the box provided to check the apparatus and materials prepared.

ARAHAN

Anda dikehendaki menyemak radas dan bahan, membaca soalan dan merancang eksperimen dalam tempoh lima
minit yang pertama.

Tandakan (✓) pada ruangan kotak yang disediakan untuk menyemak radas dan bahan yang disediakan.

No. Apparatus / Material Quantity / Tick (X)

Bil. Radas / Bahan Kuantiti Tandakan(X)
1 Voltmeter
1 ( )
Voltmeter
2 Ammeter
1 ( )
Ammeter
3 Connecting wire
7 ( )
Wayar penyambung
4 1.5 V dry cell
1 ( )
Sel kering 1.5 V
5 Rheostat
1 ( )
Reostat
6 Cell holder
1 ( )
Pemegang sel kering
7 Switch
1 ( )
Suis
6. You are going to carry out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the
current, I and the potential difference, V of a dry cell.
Anda dikehendaki menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hubungan di antara arus, I dan beza
keupayaan, V bagi sel kering.

Voltmeter
V

Ammeter A Switch

Rheostat

Diagram 6.1
Rajah 6.1

Carry out the experiment using the steps below:

Jalankan eksperimen anda dengan menggunakan langkah-langkah di bawah:

1. Arrange the apparatus by connecting wires to electrical instruments as shown in

Diagram 6.1.
Susunkan radas dengan menyambung wayar-wayar kepada alat elektrik seperti ditunjukkan dalam
Rajah 6.1.

2. Close the switch and adjust the rheostat until the ammeter reads I = 0.10 A. Record
the voltmeter reading, V in Table 6.1
Tutup suis dan laraskan rheostat sehingga bacaan ammeter menunjukkan arus, I = 0.10 A. Rekodkan
bacaan voltmeter di dalam Jadual 6.1.

3. Repeat step 2 with values of I = 0.20 A, 0.30 A, 0.40 A and 0.50 A.

Ulang eksperimen ini dengan menggunakan arus, I = 0.20 A, 0.30 A, 0.40 A and 0.50 A.
4. Based on the experiment conducted, you are required;
Berdasarkan eksperimen yang dijalankan, anda dikehendaki;

(a) State,
Nyatakan,

(i) Manipulated variable

Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Responding variable
Pembolehubah bergerakbalas

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(b) Tabulate the value of I and V in the table below.

Jadualkan nilai I dan V dalam jadual di bawah.

Table 6.1
Jadual 6.1

Current, I / A Potential Difference, V / V

Arus, I / A Beza Keupayaan, V / V
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50

[3 marks]
[3 markah]

(c) On the graph paper provided, plot a graph of V against I.

Pada kertas graf yang disediakan, plot graf V melawan I.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

(d) Based on the graph in (c), state the relationship between V and I.
Berdasarkan graf yang dilukis di (c), nyatakan hubungan di antara V dan I.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(e) Calculate the gradient, r, of the graph V against I.
Hitung kecerunan, r bagi graf V melawan I.

r = ………………………………..

[3 marks]
[3 markah]

(f) The relationship between V and I is given by

𝑉𝑉
= −𝑟𝑟 where r = gradient of graph
𝐼𝐼
Hubungan antara V dan I diberi oleh
V
= −r dimana r = kecerunan graf
I

Write a linear equation of the graph and relate it to the voltage drop, Ir = Ԑ – V.
Tuliskan persamaan linear bagi graf dan kaitkan ia dengan kejatuhan voltan, Ir = Ԑ – V.

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

(g) State one precaution that should be taken to improve the accuracy of the readings in
this experiment.
Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil untuk memperbaik ketepatan bacaan dalam
eksperimen ini.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
 Graph of V against I
Graf V melawan I
V/V

I/A