INTRODUCTION TO

GARMENT
MANUFACTURING
TECHNIQUES
SADIQ MALIK
ENROLLMENT NO. A2481223005
B.Des (FT)
INDEX

1. Importance of fabric cutting

2. Different types of fabric cutting machines
3. Band knife cutting machines round knife cutting machines
4. Computerized cutting machines
5. Sewing machines
6. History / evolution of sewing mchines
7. Domestic sewing machines
8. Parts of sewing machines
IMPORTANCE
OF FABRIC
CUTTING
Correct fabric cutting improves the appearance of
the finished product and makes it look well tailored.
The grainline will not only fit better and hang
elegantly, but the seams will also line up properly.
When utilising a pattern, it's crucial to cut along the
line that corresponds to your size

There are 2 techniques of cutting fabric like portable

cutting, stationary cutting
 Different Types
of cutting
Machines

Straight Knife cutting

machine:
The straight knife is a common means of cutting
lays in conventional cutting rooms because it is
versatile, portable, cheaper than a band knife, more
accurate on curves than a round knife and relatively
reliable and easy to maintain. Even if a band knife is
used for the main cutting operation, a straight knife
would be used to separate the lay into sections for
easier handling.
Band Knife cutting
machine:
Band knives are used when a higher standard of
cutting accuracy is required than can be obtained
with a straight knife. Pieces to be cut are first cut on
a block, and then cut exactly on a band knife.
Round knife cutting
machine :

A round knife is used only for straight lines or lower

no of lays of relatively few plies.
Computerized cutting
machine
:Computerized cutting machines are used where
high volume of garments is manufactured. This
machine cuts fabric layers as per command given in
computer system. Automatic cutting machine is also
known as CNC machine. In the automatic cutting
room, fabrics are spread on the table by auto
spreader and the lay is positioned in the cutting table
prior to automatic cutting. Many videos are
available on the Youtube for automatic
cutting machines.
 SEWING
MACHINES
A sewing machine is used to stitch the fabric and
other pliable materials together with threads. Sewing
machines were invented during the first Industrial
Revolution to decrease the quantum of manual
sewing done in garment industries.

Charles Fredrick Wiesenthal, a German-born

engineer working in England, was awarded the first
British patent for a mechanical device to aid the art
of sewing, in 1755. His invention consisted of a
double pointed needle with an eye at one end.[2]
HISTORY OF SEWING
MACHINES

Charles Fredrick Wiesenthal, a German-born

engineer working in England, was awarded the first
British patent for a mechanical device to aid the art
of sewing, in 1755. His invention consisted of a
double pointed needle with an eye at one end.

In 1790, the English inventor Thomas Saint invented

the first sewing machine design.
 DOMESTIC
SEWING
MACHINES

A domestic sewing machine, on the other hand, is a

sewing machine that is designed for light to
medium-duty use. It can sew through multiple layers
of fabric but is not built to sew through thick
materials like leather and canvas. Domestic sewing
machines typically have a lower sewing speed than
industrial machines.

Below we will go into more detail on the:

Maintenance
Cost
Weight
Speed
Stitch quality
Durability
Features
 INDUSTRIAL
SEWING
MACHINES

An industrial sewing machine is a sewing machine

that is designed for heavy-duty use. It is built to sew
through thick materials, such as multiple layers of
fabric, leather, and canvas. Industrial sewing
machines are also built to sew at high speeds,
making them ideal for production work
Parts of sewing
machine
1.Spool pin: The main function of the spool
pin is to hold the spool of thread.

2.Bobbin binder spindle: During

winding, the bobbin is placed here.

3.Bobbin winder stopper: When the

bobbin reaches its optimum capacity then the
bobbin winder stopper stops the bobbin winding.
4. Stitch width dial: The main object of
the stitch width dial is to control the zigzag stitch.

5. Handwheel: The handwheel is used to

raise and lower the need, which is situated on the
right side of the sewing machine.

6. Thread tension dial: A thread

tension dial is used to control the tension
on the top thread.
THANK
YOU